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PATEHSON, 



REW 1BR8BY 



Its Advantages for Manufacturing and Residence 

its Industries, Prominent Men, Banks, 

Schools, Churches, etc. 



B V CHARLES ^\ . SHRINER 



Published under the Auspices of the Board of Trade. 



The Press Printing and Publishing Company, Paterson, N. J. 

1S90. 












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Sketch of Passaic County. 





3ASSAIC COUNTY, N. J., was or- 
ganized in 1S37, in pursuance of 
. an act of the legislature, and was 
composed of Acquackanonk, which 
iad been a township since 1693, 
md belonged to Essex county: 

'•J A v - 

Manchester, which was taken from 

?^fe;\'' Saddle River, Bergen county; Pompton, 
which had been a part oi Bergen county 
since 17M7, and West Milford, which had 
been set off from Pompton in 1834. Wayne 
township was set off from Manchester in 
1847. The township of Paterson was set off 
from Acquackanonk in 1S31 : it was incor- 
porated in 1851 and enlarged in 1854 and 
iS^5 by the addition of the territory now 
covered by the First and Second Wards; in 
1869 a considerable portion of Little Falls and Acquack- 
anonk townships was added to Paterson. In 1S6S Little 
Falls was set off from Acquackanonk township. In 1866 
Acquackanonk was reduced by the creation oi the town- 
ship of Passaic ; the latter was incorporated as a village in 
1S71 and as a city in [873. The county contains 101.734 
acres, distributed among its civil divisions as follows : — Pat- 
erson, 5,357; Passaic. 800; Acquackanonk, 6,420; Little 
Falls, 3,251; Manchester, 6,122: Pompton. 27,715; 
Wayne, 15,700; West Milford, 41.369. 

THE CITY OF PATERSON 

is situated about sixteen miles from New York City. 
Its peculiar advantages for manufacturing were rec- 
ognized in the latter part of the eighteenth century 
when Alexander Hamilton, Washington's first Secreta- 
ry of the Treasury, and a number of associates conceived 
the project of erecting large industrial establishments in 
America. The war of the revolution had established 
the independence of this nation politically and the aim of 
Hamilton and his associates was to also establish its inde- 
pendence from a commercial and manufacturing point of 
view. Thev intended to establish a manufacturing centre 
in this country and for this purpose they and their agents 



traveled over a great deal of territory and finally deter- 
mined on Paterson as the besl place for that purpose. 
The growth of Paterson and its vicinity and the rank Pas- 
saic county has assumed in the mercantile and manufactur- 
ing world have verified the judgment of Hamilton and his 
associates. 

boi the purpose of obtaining control of the territory needed 
an application was made to the legislature of New Jerse} 
for a charter and this was granted in 179] creating the So- 
ciety for Establishing Useful Manufactures. William Pat- 
erson was Governor of New Jersey and the scene ot the 
operations of the Society was named alter him. Not only 
was the conformation of the ground in Paterson and its 
vicinity admirably adapted to manufacturing purposes but 
the Great Falls of the Passaic afforded a water power not 
equalled in any of the states in the eastern portion of the 
country. Several raceways were constructed from the 
falls, thus affording water power for manufacturing pur- 
poses. The Society built a cotton mill but shortly after- 
wards ceased operations as manufacturers and devoted 
itself to inducing private enterprise to locate on its prop- 
erty. Yast tracts of land had been acquired either b) 
grant or purchase and this territory was divided into lots 
which were sold to manufacturers. Plots of ground were 
given lo religious denominations for churches and ceme- 
teries and under the fostering care of the Societ) Paterson 
grew into a flourishing city. For some time the manu- 
facture of cotton was the most important industrial pursuit 
in the city, but this was soon followed by die location of 
iron works and in a shorl time iron had gained die up 
hand of cotton. The next important industry established 
was that of silk. The originator of this industry was the 
late |olm Ryle, who had made Paterson his home and 
who found here peculiar facilities for the manufacture ol 
textile fabrics. The excellent quality of the water oi 
Passaic river attracted a class of manufacturer- to Paterson 
who could not be satisfied exeepl in a place so bountifully 
supplied with natural advantages as they t'oun^\ this city 
to be. Thomas Rogers established the iron industry in 
Paterson and soon devoted himself to the manufacture ot 
locomotives; nearly even iron industry in this part ol the 



/'. 1 TI-RSi W, ILL I r S TRA TED. 



country is in some way traceable to Mr. Rogers, jusl as 
(Ik- various silk manufacturing establishments owe their 
origin to the silk mill of John Ryle. These were the 
seeds that were sown on a fertile soil; manufactures in- 
creased at a rate never surpassed in an) place and to-da) 
Paterson's diversified and large industries arc a sure guar- 
antee of its stability and success. 

One of the first railroads built in this country was from 
[ersey C'itv to Paterson; another line was built from Pat- 
ers >n to Ramapo and another from Jersey City to Pat- 
erson by way of Newark. These three lines are now 
operated by the New York, Lake Erie & Western rail- 
road com pam . under a perpetual lease, and the two former 

constitute a portion ol'tlie main line ofthe road. The New 
York, Susquehanna & Western railroad company, whose 
line passed through a suburban pari of the city, recogniz- 
ing the grow ing importance of Paterson, a number oi years 
ago constructed a spur into the heart ofthe city in order to he 
on a footing equal tothatofthe Erie. In 1889 the Delaware, 

Lackawanna & Western railroad company, whose rails 
skirled the loot of Garret Mountain to the west ofthe city. 

also constructed a spur into the more populous portion ol 
Paterson, materially increasing its business. 

There is no place in the country where the scenery is 
more magnificent than it is in the neighborhood oi Pater- 
s .11. This fact, added to the accumulation of wealth by its 
residents who had been successful either in manufacturing 
or mercantile pursuits, attracted to Paterson a large num- 
ber of residences. For a number of years a conservative 
spirit in the county board neglected the roads ..1 the county 
but of late years a great deal of money has been spent 
in macadamizing roads which wind through the beautiful 
country surrounding. According to the laws as they 

st la number of years ago each township looked out foi 

its own roads, which meant in effect that farmers worked 
out their road tax. Few concerted efforts were made to 
improve the roads until the Board of Freeholders obtained 
the legislation necessary by which the hoard could lake 
charge. of such roads as they might see fit. The new de- 
parture was welcomed with delight by all who were inter- 
ested iii driving and every year's increased expenditure foi 
road purposes added to the attractiveness of the county as 

a place- of residence. The county has no bonded debt and 
a floating debt of only a lew thousand dollars, so thai the 
C mntv taxes arc little more than nominal. 

Next in importance in Passaic County is the 

CITY OF PASSAIC. 

It is situated about eleven miles from New York city, at 
the present head of navigation of the Passaic, the project, 
undertaken by the United Stales government, of ex- 
tending navigation as far as Paterson not having been 
completed as yet. Passaic has utilized the water ofthe 
Passaic river as a motive power for its industrial establish- 
ments by the erection by the Dundee Water Power and 
Land Company ofa large dam in the Passaic river a short 
distance below Paterson, thus forming a hum and beauti- 



ful lake from which the company takes its name. The 
water is conveyed from the dam to Passaic by means ol a 
canal and the result has been the clustering about the 

hanks of this canal and along the river of numerous and 
important industries. Textile fabrics of nearly every kind 
are here manufactured. The New York, Lake Erie & 
Western railroad and the Delaware, Lackawanna & Wes- 
tern railroad lines pass through Passaic, and the New 
York, Susquehanna & Western railroad company has con- 
structed a spur into the manufacturing portion ol the city. 
On the slope ofthe hill which rises from the hanks ofthe 
Passaic river are situated the residences ol many ol the 
wealthy merchants of New York and the city is every year 
increasing in importance both as a manufacturing place 
and for residences. 

ACQUACKANONK 

is a name closely identified with the history of Northern 
New fersey. The territory once embraced under this 

name was vast and the deeds to the property come di- 
rect from Sir George Carteret and the Lords Proprie- 
tors of the province of East New Jersey. The princi- 
pal settlements within the present borders ol Acquack- 
anoiik township are the villages of Athenia and Clifton, 
the latter on the main line of the Erie railroad and the 
former on the Newark branch of the same road. Athe- 
nia has several manufacturing establishments. Clifton 
contains a number of residences of the wealthier class, a 
great many of the residents being business men of New 
York city. In Clifton some of the deeds given to the 
more desirable property provide that the premises shall 
he used only for residences and the class of buildings is 
provided tor. thus ensuring uniformity and giving a guar- 
antee of the class of residences. The rest ol' the township 
is devoted principally to agriculture and gardening, the 
soil being very rich and rendered more valuable on ac- 
count of its proximity to the markets of New York. 

THE TOW NSHIP OF WAYNE 

is traversed by the Delaware. Lackawanna & Western 
and the New York & Greenwood Lake railroads. The 
principal settlement is the village of Pompton, which, on 
account of its beautiful location, is becoming a popular 
summer resort. There are in the township a number of 
brick yards, large powder mills, iron works, a silk mill 
and other industrial establishments. The rest ol the 
township is devoted principally to agriculture. 

\l \\v I1LSTLK 

Township adjoins the city of Paterson and has of late 
years keen the scene of remarkable development and in- 
dustrial activity. Cedar Cliff Park, romantically situ- 
ated on the slope- of the Preakness hill, was originally 

intended as sites for villas and elegant residences; a num- 
ber of these were erected, but some years ago a large por- 
tion of the tract was thrown open for manufacturing pur- 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



poses, since which time several silk mills have been 
put up on the property. 

LITTLE FALLS 

Township contains a thriving village situated on the 
hanks of the Passaic river. The village has clustered 
about the Little Falls of the Passaic, which furnish mo- 
tive power to large textile fabrics manufacturing estab- 
lishments. The Peckman river runs through a portion of 
the township and the water power furnished thereby has 
been utilized by other manufacturers. The township is 
also well known for the product of its brown stone quar- 
ries. 

POMITOX 

Township is noted for its mines and the historical recol- 
lections called forth by a number of its landmarks. The 
revolutionary army several times traversed the town- 
ship on its way from West Point to Morristown and in the 
valley of Ringwood, where the iron mines of Cooper & 
Hewitt are located, still stands fie building where Wash- 
ington had his horses shod. The property at present be- 



longs to lion. Abram S. Hewitt. ex-Mayor of New York, 
who has erected there for himself a fine country house. 
Near this residence are the graves of Robert Erskine ami 
his clerk ; Erskine had the management of the iron mines 
for tlie London company but at the breaking out of the 
revolutionary war joined the American forces. He be- 
came intimate with General Washington and was made 
Geographer and Surveyor-General to the Army of the 
I nited States. The principal settlement in Pompton 
township is the village of Bloomingdale, on the New York, 
Susquehanna & Western railroad. 

WEST MILFORD 

Township comprises the upper part of Passaic County. 
It is principally devoted to agriculture. It has within 
its limits a number of pleasant lakes, of which the most 
prominent is Echo Lake. The lower half of Green- 
wood Lake, a popular summer resort, is also within 
the borders of this township. The principal settlements 
are Newfoundland, Charlotteburgh and the village of West 
Milford. 



Passaic County Government. 



Judge of Circuit Court — Jonathan Dixon. 
President Judge of Court of Quarter Sessions and other 
county courts — John Hopper. 

Lay Judges of Quarter Sessions and other county courts — 
James Inglis, Jr., John J. Warren. 

Sheriff — Cornelius A. Cadmus. 

Deputy Sheriff — Grant Cadmus. 

Surrogate — Charles M. King. 

County Clerk — William M. Smith. 

Deputy County Clerk — Ross Williams. 

Jail Warden — John F. Buckley. 

County Physician — Walter I?. Johnson. 

County Counsel — Robert 1. Hopper. 

Superintendent of Counts' Insane Asylum — Henry P. 
Ackerman. 

Matron of County Insane Asylum — Mrs. Henry P. 
Ackerman. 



Board ob Freeholders. 

Patcrson — 

First Ward — Henry P. Ackerman. 

Second Ward — Jacob II. 'Pintle. 

Third Ward— John E. Foalks. 

Fourth Waul — George G. Halstead (Director). 

Fifth Ward — James Carroll. 

Sixth Ward — John II. Morrow. 

Seventh Ward — Thomas Howard. 

Eighth Ward — Bernard Feeney. 

Passaic — 

First Ward — Thomas Giblin. 

Second Ward— J. S. Biddell. 

Third Ward— Albert Totlen. 

Fourth Ward— Sylvester J. Post. 
Acquackanonk — George V. DeMott. 
Little Falls — Francis J. Marley. 
Manchester — John C. Roc. 
Pompton — Josiah Ricker. 
]\'a\uc — 
West M7/*<W— William Patterson. 

Clerk ol the Board o( Freeholders— William Xe 



PA TERSON, II. LI 'SI RATED. 



Paterson City Government. 



Mayor Nathan Barnert. 

i. ii\ Clei V - i fei >rge Boyd. 

City Treasurer — Cyrus W. Baldwin. 

Clerk of the Board of Aldermen — John T. Pollitt. 

Registrar of Licenses — Charles L. Henry. 

Comptroller Daniel Miller. 

Receiver of Taxes — William High. 

Deputy Receiver of Taxes — Charles II. May. 

City Counsel — Thomas C. Simonton, Jr. 

City Surveyor — William Ferguson. 

Assessors — fames Parker, John Townley, Jacob Edel- 
man, William 1 1. Bradley. 

Commissioners of Appeal in Cases of Taxation — Albert 
I). Winfield, Hugo [bach, James Blundell. 

Superintendent of Streets — Thomas McLean. 

Clerk t<> the Superintendent of Streets — John II. Hurd. 

Board of Aldermen — First Ward — John Hartley? * Seorge 
Rear: Second Ward — George Add}', William R. Hard- 
ing; Third Ward. — Samuel Bunting, John Macdonald 
(President); Fourth Ward—John Curtis. Jr., Thomas 
Rawson; Fifth Ward — James II. Feeney, Sidne) S. Lap- 
ham; Sixth Ward- Janus Miller, Joseph Keppler; Sev- 
enth Ward — Samuel Crawford, llenr\ Kell\ : Eighth 
Ward — James Brownlee, Edward Fanning. 

Janitor of City Hall— John Mickle. 

Board of Education — First Ward — |ohn I lick man (Presi- 
dent!. Daniel E. Patrick: Second Ward — James A. (iil- 
fillan, DeWitl C. Edwards; Third Ward'— William II. 
Macl loii.dd. Sylvester Van ( fieson : Fourth Ward — Arthur 
15. Pearce, Harry C. Baines; Fifth Ward— Frederick C. 
Barnes, Robert 15. Davidson; Sixth Ward Louis Kir- 
singer, Jr., William Snyder; Seventh Ward — John J. 
Warren. John 1. Cannin ' th Ward — Ilcun C. 
Richards. John Rainej . 

Secretary of the Board of Education — Henry D. Oler. 

Superintendent of Public Instruction — ( >restes M . Brands. 

City Physician — Dr. Frank Agncw. 

Assistant Cit\ Physician — Dr. Thomas L. Paton. 



Health Inspector — Dr. John L. Leal. 
Plumbing Inspector — John Hickman. 
Board of Health— Dr. T. Y. Kinne, Dr. P. A. Harris, 
Dr. B. C. Magennis, Dr. John L. Leal. Dr. Frank Agnew, 

John T. Pollitt. James Mills. 

Secretarj of the Board of Health — John J. Warren. 

Superintendent of Outdoor Relief — Jacob Ryerson. 

Superintendent of Indoor Relief — Henry P. Ackerman. 

Matron of Almshouse — Mrs. Henry P. Ackerman. 

Inspector of Weights and Measures — William Shields. 

inspector of Buildings, Lamps. Wells and Pumps — John 
1 1. Van I louten. 

City Veterinary Surgeon — Dr. William II. Lowe. 

City Weigher — \\ illiam F. Crossman. 

Poundmaster — I larden Parmlcx . 

Chief Engineer of Fire Department — John F. Murphy. 

Assistant Engineers of Lire I )epartment — John Gillmor, 
John Struck. 

Superintendent of Lire .Alarm — James F. ZelufT. 

Board of Trustees of Free Public Library — Dr. E. |. 
Marsh, George Wurts, John II. Hopper, Charles Dan- 
forth, Robert A. Haley, the Mayor and Superintendent of 
Public Instruction, ex-officio. 

Librarian — George F. Winchester. 

Park Commissioners — William Strange, John Mallon. 
Henry l>. Crosby, John Agnew, Edward T. Bell, David 
Henry, John 1. Holt. 

Seen tan of Park Commission. — Prank Amiraux. 

Judge of District Court — Francis Scott. 

Clerk of District Court —George X. Eloxsey. 

Recorder — Ji iseph ( \ reaves. 

Clerk of Recorder — James II. Cocker. 

1 liief of Police — Frederick G. Graul. 

I n of Police —John Bimsi >n. 

Sergeants of Police — Adam Hargreaves, James Hewitt, 

John McBride, Michael Keefe, John Kicker. Matthew 
McGirr. 



— -@>lll 



I'SCEN^HY -H - 




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ABOVE THE FALLS. 




BELOW THE FALLS. 



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THE BASIN BELOW THE FALLS. 




ICE EFFECTS AT THE FALLS. 



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PHOTOGRAPHED BV L. H. DOREMUS. 



VIEWS OF PATERSON. 



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VIEWS OF PATERSON. 



19 




NORTHWESTERN EXTREMITY OF PATERSON. 




SOUTHERN EXTREMITY OF PATERSON. 






. . 





VIEWS IN PASSAIC VALLEY. 



21 




VIEW IN PASSAIC VALLEY. 




COTTAGE ON THE CLIFF. 



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PHOTOGRAPHED BY N. LANE. 



VIEWS IN WESTSIDE PARK. 



23 





FHOTOGRAPHEO BY N LANE. 



VIEWS IN WESTSIDE PARK. 



24 





THE LITTLE FALLS OF THE PASSAIC. 



The Progress of Paterson. 



By Mr. WILLIAM G. FENNER, Vice President of the Board of Trade. 



W<m "' N what I have to say of the advantages of Pat- 
) If i erson as a manufacturing centre I do not ex- 
jy51>* ! pect to add to the knowledge of our citizens 
t, upon the subject, but rather to aid in their se- 




lection the many who are seeking a location 
for their plant where at least a reasonable cer- 
tainty of success can be assured their enterprise 

Conclusions drawn from established facts constitute the 
best information in a matter of this kind and such conclu- 
sions 1 will now submit, leaving the task of application to 
the personally interested parties. 

The query is can Paterson in perfect fairness he classed 
as a city especially well adapted to manufacturing purposes ? 

The answer to this question can in no better way be 
made and emphasized than in a brief historical outline of 
Paterson' s more important industries, touching upon the 
salient developments of each from their origin up through 
the lapse of years to the present time with its wealth of 
industrial achievements and clearly defined prospects. 

The present century was yet in swaddling clothes when 
the cotton industry was experimentally established in this 
city. Manufacturing was new to the country at that time 
and the impression created by this springing up of the 
cotton industry at Paterson was profound. The pioneer 
factories were individually small yet so numerous that the 
public mind was struck with the seemingly vast propor- 
tions of this comparatively new" agency of profit to the 
community. The time speedily came when the cotton 
milling industry was no longer experimental but establish- 
ed with its work mapped out on an essentially larger scale 
with time, the inevitable unifying of fragmentary interests. 
the merging of many small plants into a few larger ones 
with perfected means for carrying the raw cotton through 
the various processes of manufacture resulting in the fin- 
ished cloth ready for use. The outside public then felt 
and in a measure still think that Paterson lost part of its 
cotton industries. The principle of merging was not un- 
derstood and with fewer individual factories in operation 



tile impression gained and maintained ground that the v i- 
tality of the industry itself was on the wane. The tact is 
however, that the seeming loss was anactualgain. Unques- 
tioned statistics show that in the year 1825 the number of 
spindles operating" in the cotton mills of this city was 2\.- 
O30. while in [8So they showed a total of 40.000, repre- 
senting a substantial gain in spindles and a still more sub- 
stantial increase in the value of production. The Eastern 
and Middle States form the great center of the cotton 
manufacturing industry and a leaf taken from their history 
substantiates fully my position that the change from 
main small to a comparatively few larger plants has re- 
sulted in a striking increase rather than a decrease oi the 
output. In the year [831, S50 establishments were in 
operation while in [SSo only ^70 concerns were in the 
tield. But from 1831 to 1880 the number of spindles de- 
veloped from 1,237,000 in the former to over 10.000.000 
in the latter, while the number of hands employed in- 
creased from 60.000 to 1 sjo.ooo. In New Jersey alone the 
year iN:i saw bj.000 spindles in operation in fifty-one 
establishments, while 1.SS0 with its seventeen estab- 
lishments displayed an active equipment of 232,000 spin- 
dles. 

The locomotive manufacturing industry started in Pat- 
erson through tlie enterprise of Mr. Thomas Rogers in the 
year 1830. At that time railroading was in its infancy and 
about fifty miles of rail was all the country could boast of. 
It will be readily inferred that under these circumstances 
the locomotive business was in a decidedly embryo state. 
Looking back from the high plane of present achievement 
the crudities of the carle time are astonishing. The lirst 
locomotives built were titted out with wooden wheels and 
wooden frames and were guaranteed at high pressure and 
on a favorable grade to travel at the then lightning express 
speed of twelve miles per hour, a speed that was then re- 
garded as a menace to the lives of passengers and a mar- 
vel to the astonished beholders. This industry however 
advanced with giant strides along the pathway of me- 



26 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



chnnical progress and by sheer force of intrinsic merit 
won its full share of substantia] recognition in the quick 
work of supplying the country's rapidly increasing mile- 
age with its rolling equipment. During foui prosperous 
decades no industry it is perfectly safe to say ever made 
more headway than the one in point, but as it increased in 
\ icror .in i size so did other industrial enterprises. Milling 
concerns of one kind and another extended their plants 
and rapidl) hemmed in the locomotive works of our city 
ending the possibility oftheir all-essential enlargements. 
Additional and adjacent lands could not be acquired and 
additional room could only be gained by establishing an- 
nex departments either across the street or around the 
corner or by using the upper stories ol their buildings 
thereby adding materially to the expense of handling and 
consequently to the cost of production. The unbearable 
extravagance of this method of doing business was nut 
realized until competition commenced to assert itself. 
The margin of profit was sharply narrowed down and the 
Patersonian manufacturers began in earnest to feel the 
burden imposed upon them by that extra handling ex- 
pense, the result <>f inadequate an 1 imperfectly arranged 
premises. The few of our manufacturers with plenty of 
room continued to manufacture and market their locomo- 
tives with equal profits to those received by the best of 
their competitors, but those who did not enjoy the advan- 
tage of elbow room found themselves in the unfortunate 
position of doing a business devoid of compensation. This 
condition of things created considerable uneasiness in rep- 
resentative quarters of the industry and finally culminated 
in the resolve of a prominent manufacturer to move his en- 
lire plant. After a careful consideration of the advantages 
afforded by other localities and with the knowledge gained 
1>\ long vears of experience the manufacturer in question 
concluded and did relocate in our city on a silt- that amply 
meets all prospective as well as present requirements. 
There the enterprise flourished and to-day constitutes one 
of the finest locomotive plants to he found in the country, 
replete with every mechanical improvement and under a 
management that cheerfully welcomes competition and feels 
safe in the positive knowledge that better work and cheaper 
prices than their own rank am nig the impossibilities. 

Paters >n has the advant ige of unusual railroad facilities 
and furthermore occupies a commanding position in the 
very outskirts ol the gn it business centre of the country. 
This enables out locomotive manufacturers to stand ready 
as they do I i supply the world with their machines. 

A tew years ago the Paterson Iron Works were destroyed 
by fire ; tie catastrophe was com pi. te and nothing but ruined 
walls and worthless machinery was left to emphasize rather 
than palliate the misfortune. These works were then as n >w 
known to the entire country for their heavy forgings. Rival 
concerns of this class are few in the United States and none 
among them can shape and forge a heavier shaft, crank, or 
beam or aught else in which calibre, strength an I finish 
contribute to the essential elements of production. These 
representative works are amongst the oldest an I most 



prosperous of our cit\'s large family of splendid enter- 
prises. Having grown practically with the city all the 

advantages and disadvantages ol' a location here were as a 
mallei of course fully apparent to the owners of this enter- 
prise but without giving other aspiring points more than a 
passing consideration the work of reconstruction was com- 
menced and substantially consummated on the old site. 
To-da\ visitors to our city see this prosperous concern 
under vigorous headway shaping the mammoth shaftings 
that find their utility in the great ocean racers of the day 
and the floating palaces that leave their wake upon our 
inland w aters. 

In reviewing the growth of our varied industries we 
must not overlook the machine shops ,,f Paterson, which 
have faithfully kepi pace with the times in meeting the 
natural wants of so large a manufacturing centre. In 
place of the one s'miv building and small "round space 

that adequately met the needs of the situation a few years 
ago we lind these works to-da\ operating on a large scale. 
occupying imposing structures, steadily increasing the 

scope of their energies and adding to their number at the 
average rate of one or two concerns per year. 

The two rolling mills that form an important part of our 
iron industry deserve a word of special mention. This is 

particularly true in the case ol' one that twenty years ago 
was humble to the verge of nothingness and to-day stands 

a monument of magnitude in its special field of work, a 
constant surprise to our own citizens and a source of won- 
ering admiration to the visitor. So widespread are the 
energies of this great concern that the average well in- 
formed traveller will be apt to place every iron bridge he 
crosses to the credit of the Passaic Rolling Mill Company. 
Some of the finest bridges in t'.ii-- country are the product 
of this company, whose skill is pointedly exemplified in the 
splendid structure near our own city (the bridge spanning 
the Harlem River) substantia] in its construction, symme- 
trical in its proportions ami technically faultness in con- 
ception; this work of highest engineering proves its mak- 
ers to he master workmen in the broad sense of the term. 

It was reserved for the year [840 to usher into our city's 
industrial life an enterprise which has elevated the stand- 
ard of labor and created an era of prosperity beyond the 
highest hopes entertained by the most enthusiastic believ- 
ers in the enterprising silk worm. While silks were 
manufactured in this country nearly twenty years before 
their production in our city, still to Paterson mainly 
belongs the honor of developing the industry into a per- 
manent and high class feature of American industrial art. 
Baltimore should however have the credit rightfully be- 
longing to her oi producing the first silk goods manufac- 
tured in this country. In [829 -he put upon the market 
the lirs! line of American ribbons, tn 1834 Boston entered 
the -ilk manufacturing list with the enterprising town of 
Florence, Mass., close upon her heels. In [S35 Dedham, 
Mass.. follow ed suit, while three y ear- later Windsor Locks 
and South Manche-ter. Conn., joined the briskly awaken- 
ing industry. ll was no: however until [840, as noted 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



2 7 



above, that Paterson put her shoulder t<> the silk industry 
wheel with what success will be seen in the following 
table, showing the value of silk goods manufactured: — 

I860. 1ST0. 1880. 

Pennsylvania, $1,700,000 f 1,600,000 $2,800,000 

Mass., 1,300,000 1,400,000 4,000,1 

Conn., 1,200.000 3,300,000 5,000,000 

New York, 1,150,000 1,800,000 9,300,000 

Sew Jersey, 970,000 4,000,000 13,1 ,000 Paterson, $11,000,000 

This table is significant in many ways and of many 
things. In the first place Baltimore, the pioneer of 
American silk manufacture, during the twenty years under 
tabulated review tails completely out of sight anil consid- 
eration. Pennsylvania has only succeeded in securing a 
gain of $i, 100,000 during the two decades, while Massa- 
chusetts, and Connecticut although doing better than the 
Bay State champion, have scored no very conspicuous ^aiiis 
on the record of 1S60. New York has done still better 
but with all her great trading advantages lias taken twenty 
years to multiply her old time silk manufacturing achieve- 
ments by eight, whereas our own city has developed 
twelvefold in the same time, even assuming that all the 
silk goods produced in New Jersev during 1S60 were 
made in Paterson, which was not the case. The silk in- 
dustry like all others seeks a field with advantages that as- 
similate with its special requirements. These advantages 
once clearly demonstrated and the attention of the entire 
industrial world is promptly brought to bear on the fav- 
ored locality. Kindred industries at once crowd to the 
spot and a trade focus is established. It is a historical fact 
that no industry ever gathered to a common centre faster 
than the silk industry has established itself at our city. 
Tlie reason of Paterson's supremacy in this connection lies 
to a great extent in its adjacency to the City of New York, 
the head centre of the country's trade. Our city stands 
sufficiently near to the metropolis to share in its paramount 
trade advantages, yet is tar enough away to avoid her big 
sister's larger taxes, more expensive ground rents and 
the higher cost of living there entailed upon operatives. 
Paterson's further advantage is its abundance of water es- 
pecially well adapted for dyeing purposes. 

In 1S64 an industry had a precarious establishment in 
our city that in its rapid growth challenges the attention of 
every student of industrial progress. M was put into op- 
eration by those who possess the embodiment of clear and 
far sighted business tact and indomitable perseverance, 
two qualities that enabled them to conquer apparently in- 
surmountable difficulties in the development of their un- 
dertaking. This industry embodied the Americanizing 
ol a foreign plant nourished under other than Irish climatic 
conditions. The pioneer promoters had nothing upon 
which to base a warranted judgment, but upon general 
principles they selected Paterson as the best location for 
their experiment. Their views, however, were promptly 
vindicated and the manufacture of linen thread was no 
longer an industrial exotic. This infant of (864, spoken 
ol as the modest industry b\ one of the founders, gained 



strength rapidly and in its present development occupies 
se\ eral buildings of mammoth size. Its product. "Harbours' 
linen thread," is known to every dress and shoe maker in 
the land as Paterson made and to every one of our 
citizens as an article representing a business and a Mill 
growing one of one million five hundred thousand dollars 
a year. 

A few years ago large quantities of what is known as 
hemp carpets came from Dundee, Scotland. These car- 
pets are used mostly in country towns and one of their 
chief merits is beauty of design. Owing to the low price 
at which these carpets are sold the masses are enabled to 
beautify their homes at a small expense. Through the 
large production of these goods the manufacturers of this 
quaint Scottish town were well paid for their enterprise 
and it, is without question a sore disappointment to them 
to find that anything so Scotch could ever become Ameri- 
canized and a greater surprise to findhow soon this article of 
foreign birth should become acclimated and comfortable in 
a land so far away from home with no show of desire ever 
to return. While there are a few factories for the manufac- 
ture of this article in different sections of the country we can 
boast of three factories in our city which from all appearance 
and some knowledge are doing a thriving business. In 
this connection we might speak of an article which is made 
in Paterson and which forms the foundation of brussels 
carpets. We lay no claim to an over large amount of jute 
yarn made here but in this case the infant is too young to 
anticipate what it may grow to.butwe feel satisfied from its 
generally healthy appearance it will attain large propor- 
tions and soon rank amongst the prosperous industries of 
the City of Paterson. 

The following table will enable us to more fully appre- 
ciate the rapid growth of industries in this State and at the 
same time help us to more fully realize the important share 
sustained b\ our city in the general development: — 

ALT. GOODS MANUFACTURED. 

18n0. IS80. 1880. Amount to 

Population, ea. lii'i\ I- 
New Jersey, $39,000,000 $ 254,000,000 
Pennsylvania, 155,000,000 745,000,000 

New York, '237,0011,1)00 $1,080,000,000 

Paterson, 26,000,000 51,000 $500 

Newark, 69,000,000 136,000 500 

New York City. 472.000,000 1,206,000 100 

Massachusetts, 157,800,000 631,000,000 

Rhode Island, 22,000,000 101.000,000 

Connecticut, 47,000,000 185,000,000 

Increase from 1850 to 1880. 
Connecticut, I fold. Massachusetts, 4 fold. Pennsylvania 1:: fold. 
Rhode Island, 1', " New York. 4\ " New Jersey, r,; " 

So it will be seen that our State has outstripped all com- 
peting manufacturing centres in the spirited race of the 
past thirty years. 

The brief sketches I have outlined of our leading indus- 
tries have not been executed with a design to overdraw 
their importance. My aim has been solely to describe 
them as 1 know them to be and without seeking the views 
of others. 



28 



PA TERSi hV, II, I. ( r S I A'. I TED. 



\- to the permanency of our manufacturing industries 
we can 011I3 base our conclusions upon the historically de- 
picted influences of time u]>< >n the other industrial centres 
of the world; influences thai lead us to regard the future 
v. ith e\ i-n confidence in the stability of Patersi m's pn ispects. 

Manufactures, like trade, lii themselves to certain locali- 
ties. As manufactures grow and cluster around a i 

imiiii centre so in equal ratio o) developmcnl do opera- 
tives increase in numbers until finally the two become so 
wedded to a locality that a majority of the manufacturers 
of kindred class find it to theii advantage to w ork shouldei 
to shoulder with skilled labor domesticated at their vers 

ill IIUS. 

The onl) manufacturing centre in the world whir!) has 
I Mill during the past lit't\ years, "i at least gained but 
little, is a town in England, but as other causes aside from 
consideration of location an- responsible for In stagnant 
condition it i- devoid of significance so tar a- tar question 
now under discussion i- concerned. M \ position is amplj 
fortified by the following examples: — 

Lyons, the great silk manufacturing centre of France, 
whose industry was in lull operation before tin- advent of 
Francis I : 

Belfast, Ireland, whose linen manufactures date back 
o\ er one hundred \ ears : 

Dumfermline, Scotland, the centre of Scotch limn trade, 
whose industry has been known all over the civilized world 
for man\ centuries : 

Paisley, Scotland, the home of shawls and cotton thread 
manufacture : 

Manchester, England, noted for cotton and wool dress 

ids ; 

Bradford, England, conspicuous for mam years for her 
uction of alpacas and mohair lusters ; 



Sheffield, England, mstoricall} famous for her cutlery ; 

Basle, Switzerland, notable tin' her silk and woolen in- 
dustries : 

Chemnitz, Saxony, identified tin world over I'm' her hos- 
ier) product : 

Birmingham, England, the head centre of the iron in- 
dustn : 

Zurich, Switzerland, the oldest silk manufacturing mar- 
ket in the w 1 irld : 

Elberfeldt, conspicuous for her woolen goods, and 

St. Gall, Switzerland, the mammoth production of 
I lamburg embroideries : 

Most of these world renowned centres have been in vig- 
orous existence all the way from two to live hundred \ ear-. 
and all of them are now at the highest point nt' develop- 
ment in their respective histories. 

There is onl\ one conclusion to he drawn from this array 
oi historical data. \ i/ : thai no manufacturing centre where 
the plant has been fully established has ever lost its indns- 
tries or weakened in its industry. The history of the age 
has been development, first and last and all t!ie time, sta- 
ble in In progress and equally stable in its fealty to a loca- 
tion having established ad\ antages. 

In the above I have shoyvn as a deduction from clearly de- 
fined facts that Paterson ha-- steadily increased in her in- 
dustries and industrial voyage from year to year; further- 
more, that her adjacenc) to New York City, the trade and 
commercial centre of the country, assure- obvious advan- 
tages that are virtualh hound to give her an unsurpassed 
industrial position, the permancnc) of which is a foregone 
conclusion if the uniform experience of centuries the world 
over can be accepted a- a guarantee of the future. 



*. -^ j£gs^ * > £ i 

- 







^ 



The Board of Trade of Paterson. 



By Mr. JOHN J. BROWN, President of the First National Bank, 




N the busy life of the present day, when events 

that are new crowd out from remembrance those 

which are 



even < 



inly of the recent past, it 

may not be a matter of wonder that the early 

*" < . k t transactions of the Board of Trade are so 

f^ dimly remembered, not to say quite forgot- 

/\\ ten, as to make the question "What lias the 

Una id of Trade done?" quite a pertinent one 

As a reminder that its history has not been quite a 
blank, but more, perhaps, that we may be encouraged 
to make further efforts: and still more, that others of the 
city of Paterson. just as able men and just as much in- 
terested in its present and future welfare, shall give us 
their aid, the duty has been laid upon me to collate some of 
the more prominent actions and efforts of the Hoard 
from its organization. 

The unwritten history of a society or community can 
never be told. The forces and influences which work un- 
der the surface of society, like those of nature, are felt and 
seen in their effects; but even these can only be traced in 
part. Thus the silent influence of this Hoard as a whole, 
or the more or less active efforts of the individual member, 
can only be surmised. file actual work done can only in 
part be judged by reference to the recorded history, taken 
from published proceedings. These necessarily give only 
an imperfect idea of the work accomplished. 

'1 "hough the name of our organization is the Board of 
Trade, it should embrace, in a city like ours, all those who 
desire the well-being of the place in which the\ live; 
therefore, the professional man and the artisan, as well as 
the merchant and the manufacturer, should be interested 
in our efforts. I find this thought has already found action 
in our sister Board of Trade in Newark, where for presi- 
dent the) elected R. Wayne Parker, one of the best known 
lawyers in the State: for vice-president, fudge McGregor, 
and for secretary Comptroller P. J. Quin. There may be 
other professional men in the official list, hut 1 do not now 
recall* them. 

With these preliminary remarks please permit me to 
notice as briefly as the objects will allow, some of the 
more important acts of the Hoard. 

Its existence dates from 1S73 and it was founded amid a 
depression i:i the business of tha city an 1 country which 
has happily seen no parallel since that time. The loco- 



motive business, then, as compared with all our manufac- 
tures, a more important industry than it is now. was nearly 
paralyzed, and this of necessity affected all other business. 
That first year the Board gave attention to removing the 
false impression among the tire insurance underwriters of 
New York that our water supply for extinguishing fires 
was wholly inadequate. The facts, based upon a full re- 
port and a faithful examination by a Committee ot the 
Board, were so placed before them, that the exorbi- 
tant rates were reduced, so that we stood on an equally 
favorable basis with any other city adjacent to New York. 
The report alluded to. however, showed some deficiencies 
in the water supply, which the water company promptly 
remedied. Daring this year action was taken by a com- 
mittee which established better relations with the Erie 
railroad company and increased facilities for transportation 
were secured The Hoard, appreciating the distress which 
prevailed during the winter, exerted themselves to alleviate 
as far as possible the sufferings of the needy. They as a 
body, apart from the individual efforts of the members, or 
with othei organizations, contributed and placed in the 
hands of the general relief committee $2,203. ' The reports 
on the silk industry this year show that there were then 
about twenty-five firms and corporations engaged in the 
manufacture. The capital invested was about tour million 
dollars. Direct employment was given to about four thou- 
sand operatives (two-thirds of whom were females) and an 
indirect employment to about one thousand mechanics en- 
gaged in making machinery ami various articles necessary 
for the successful conduct of the business. The amount 
paid to these operatives was some two million dollars. 
Statements are incorporated here in order that those who 
take an interest in such matters may compare them with 
the present, now that seventeen years have passed. In this 
first year, as well as the succeeding one. the Board was 
presided over by the late Thomas Harbour. His large ex- 
perience with other bodies of a like character, together 
with his interest in the welfare of the city (not to name his 
great business interests here), and his large views of busi- 
ness generally, made him a truly valuable presiding offi- 
cer. 

The reports of the year 1 S 7 ( tell of but a partial activity 
in business, but of a very hopeful nature, by reason ,>t 
abundant crops. Only a few signs ol life were as yet 



30 



/'. / TERSON, ILIA slR. 1 TED. 



shown in the locomotive industry. Other iron industries 
wen- reasonably active and some new manufactures in iron 
wiu- introduced. A very material improvement had been 
made in the silk manufactui ( . 

The year 1S75 was probably, in one respect, the most 
important year in the history of the Board of Trade. The 
officers adopted a plan of having prepared in an authentic 
and comprehensive form, something like a history ofthe 
great industries, which in the infancy and later years oi 
our city, and in its riper and stronger present, have been 
the basis of its prosperity and renown; comprising neces- 
sarily a history ofthe cits- itself; for its manufactures and 
prosperity in ether things, nay. its \ ery existence, have al- 
ways been one and inseparable. The preparation of these 
historical sketches was entrusted to such members of the 
Board as were identified with the great manufacturing in- 
terests of the city ; each treating a topic within the scope 
of ilis personal experience. The result was such that there 
w as an amount of authentic information and statistics gath- 
ered which has since been a mine from which stitistical 
workers have drawn, and must in the future he the founda- 
tion from which the records of early business of Paterson 
must come. These valuable papers were published in the 
third annual report ofthe Hoard of Trade and embrace the 
following: — the Iron Industry, by Mr. John Cooke ; the 
Silk Industry, by Mr. Catholina Lambert; the Flax, 
Hemp and Jute Industry, by Mr. John Swinburne; the 
Cotton Industry, by Mr. Joseph YV. Congdon ; Miscellan- 
eous Industries, by Dr Charles Inglis ; Our Financial In- 
stitutions, by Mr. John J. Brown ; Our Public Schools, 
by Mr. George I.. Catlin ; Sources ot Power in Paterson, 
by Mr. George WurtS ; Historical Notes and Statistics, by 
Dr. Charles Inglis. That there has been quite a large out- 
side demand for these reports gives testimony as to their 
value. Published also in the same annual report was .1 
supplemental report ot the Committee on Water Supply 
which coveted all the points complained of and suggested 
such improvements as sh mid he made. It may he sufh- 

cient to sa} here that early and large improvements were 
made by the water company, so that with these and later 
improvements made in alter years, also suggested bv a 

Hoard committee, the water supply of the city is placed 
beyond complaint. This year the late William Ryle was 
chosen President of the Hoard He took a large interest 
in it- prosperit) an 1 -creed with great ability until his la- 
mented death in iSSl. 

The yeai iS/6 was also a good year and lull of interest. 
A history of its transactions would make a more extended 
paper than is the- design ot" this little memorial it is 
proper, however, to name briefly some ot the incidents ot 
the year. It is scarcely necessary to call attention to the 
I 1 1 that this was the Centennial year. Early in the year 
the subject of properly celebrating the ensuing |th of July 
w as discussed. In the reports of that year Dr. Charles In- 

glis gives a very lull sketch ot this celebration, which, in- 
augurated hv the Board, was made a grand success by a 
combination of work b\ committees of the Hoard, of the 



Grand Army ofthe Republic and ofthe citizens. A large 
subscription was at once made by members ol the Board. 
This was supplemented by the General Committee of Fi- 
nance, the result ol their joint etlo.t being to raise in that 

veai of stringency not only enough to meet the liberal ex- 
pendituie for the celebration hut to donate a surplus oi 
$750 in equal parts to the Ladies' and St. Joseph's hos- 
pitals. It is nearly fifteen years ago but many will remem- 
ber the profuse decorations, the grand procession, the me- 
morial services at the Wigwam and the fireworks on 
Dean's Hill It will he understood that this was a general 

celebration entered into and promoted by all classes of 
people. It is named here because it was inaugurated in 
the Hoard and the Ihst and largest subscriptions were made 
here. During the v ear papeis were read on the subject of 
the Silk Industry, by Mr. William Strange; the Locomo- 
tive Industry in the United States, by Mr. John Cooke; 
Our Educational Interests, by Dr. Charles Inglis; a report 
was made on Our Ga's Light Interests by Messrs. J. W. 
Congdon. Thomas N. Dale and George W'mts The very 
important subject of a Free Public Library was part of one 
ofthe subjects touched upon this year. Mr. Dale, the 
chairman ofthe Library Committee, endeavored to secure 
an act of the legislature, which was then deemed all that 
could be accomplished. This was to make it an adjunct of 
the public school system. Messrs. John Swinburne and 
John Cooke as a committee reported the results of their in- 
vestigations as to the usefulness of a library of this kind in 
the State of New York. The great subject of a free pub- 
lic library came up on other occasions, but it is pleasant to 
say that a far better system than any devised by the Board 
has been given by the action of the State and the happy 
acceptance of it bv our citizens 

One of the results of the labors of 1S77 may be seen in 
what may be called our very modest depot at the Erie 
railroad, for this year it does not seem quite adequate to 
the grown proportions of the city and it is gratifying to 
know that the railroad company is preparing to put in its 
place a handsome and commodious structure: but twelve 

veais ago. when compared to the one which preceded it, 
it was considered quite a triumphant success. The Erie 
people then were a hard set to move: much breath had 
been -pent ill talking, not to say complaining, and much 
politeness was shown in not doing anything. Efforts w< 1 
made to satisfy the applicants, with promises to repair. 
It took a committee as strong as Messi s. Cn >sl ly, 1 hick lev . 

Barbour, Dale and Ryle to overcome apathy or inability, 
hut it was done and the new depot was seemed. Another 
matter of large importance occupied the attention ,>t the 
Board this same year. This was the supposed necessity 

oi' an increase in the number and efficiency of the police 
force of the city. It was a time, for various causes, of a 
widespread disaffection in the ranks of labor. This was 
especially the case with employes in railroad labor. Ex- 
tensive and disastrous riots had occurred in the West, an 
uneasy feeling was prevalent here as in many other places. 
Workmen were molested by their fellow workmen. The 



PA TERSON, /LLC'S TR. I FED. 



3i 



condition forced the conclusion that the police force was 
inadequate either for the city or the times. It is enough 
to say here that the efforts of the Board through their com- 
mittees largely contributed to the correction of this defic- 
iency and of late years no objections have been made man- 
ifest so far as the force itself or its management is con- 
cerned. On the contrary, great praise has been earned 
and freely. given to this important department of our city 
go\ ernment. 

The years of 1S7S. 1879 and 18S0 may be profitably 
passed over by saving that no action of marked importance 
during these years was taken and I shall content myself 
with a statement of some of the topics considered. A val- 
uable report on the sanitary condition ofthe city was made 
by Messrs. Inglis, Crosby and Fenner, mainly on the sub- 
ject of sewerage. The question of change of pay day by 
manufacturers from Saturday to some other day was con- 
sidered ; reports on legislation at various times; reports on 
general industries ; the reception to General Grant. Ad- 
ditional and fuller reports on Passaic watersupplyby Messrs. 
William Strange, Watts Cooke. W. (i. Scott and Henry 
Y. Butler, with a valuable report on the capacity and pow- 
ers of the water company, were made by E. LeB. Gar- 
dinier, Hydraulic Engineer, who had been engaged by the 
committee. 

The year 1SS1 may be named as the one in which the 
first action was taken in reference to Public Parks. The 
first and in fact the only committee, for they served to the 
end, was appointed to take the matter into consideration : 
of this committee Mr. Crosby was made chairman. This 
same year the question ol making the Passaic river navi- 
gable to Paterson appears in the proceedings ofthe Board. 
A committee under the chairmanship of Mr. Strange was 
appointed to take action towards getting an appropriation 
from Congress for making a preliminary surve} of the 
river. .V committee was likewise appointed under the 
chairmanship of Mr. II. Y. Butler with instructions to 
have proper action taken to obtain a suitable building 
which would adequately serve our growing city for post 
office and other Government needs. Further mention of 
these three great enterprises will probably claim attention 
later. Again was the attention of the Board called to the 
utility of technical education in a city so thoroughly a man- 
ufacturing one as this: indeed, it occupied the attention of 
members constantly during the year. Able addresses were 
delivered by Messrs. Hilton. Fenner and Morris. 

The following year, 1SS2, still found the Board strug- 
gling with the subject. The committee having this matter 
in charge, under the chairmanship of Mr. Watts Cooke, 
presented a very full report, looking to a large effort in this 
direction; combining a suitable building with rooms tor an 
industrial school, a library and reading rooms. However 
valuable an institution, such as was here proposed, would 
have been to the city, it is scarcelj needful for me to say 
that it was not carried out; but doubtless the seed sown by 
these efforts have borne fruits and later and in other ways, 
not in combination but separately, we have the Public Li- 



brary, the Reading Room and the Industrial School . This 
last named, incomplete as it ma\ be. and in its infancy 
only, was the outcome of the efficient help of this Board, 
who raised a sum as a supplement to an amount which 
thereby could be derived from the State and which in con- 
nection with tile Board of Education, their committee and 
our committee acting together, have established the first 
industrial school in this city. 

The year 1883 was not marked by such action as calls 
tor special mention. During previous years some consid- 
erable attention had been given to the unhappy condition 
ot our streets. This year more attention was given to the 
subject and a special meeting was held in the hope of ex- 
citing a more lively interest in the attainment of good 
streets. This meeting was attended by several of our ex- 
mavois and a number of citizens not members of the 
Board. All present recognized the importance ofthe sub- 
ject under consideration. -V wide discussion was indulg- 
ed in. all agreeing that the time had come for large im- 
provements, fhe resolutions of the Board adopted on the 
occasion, promised an active support so far as the Board 
could, to those on whom the burden of responsibility would 
fall, in carrying out a wider system of street improvements, 
knowing that it meant an expenditure of money. It may 
here be added that very marked improvements have been 
made in our streets. Among the subjects which early in 
tile \ear occupied our attention, was further action looking 
towards obtaining a public building for United States offi- 
ces. It is as well to say here for all that this matter was 
never lost sight of, but was pressed as well as the circum- 
stances would permit, until finally a bill was passed ap- 
propriating $So,ooo for the object and the signature of the 
President was obtained. We were favored by the active 
efforts of our representatives in Congress in every stage of 
the work. An active opposition in the House of Repre- 
sentatives prevented an adequate sum being appropriated, 
but there is now ever} prospect that the sum already set 
aside for this object will be materially increased and that 
our wishes in regard to a government building will be 
speedil) realized. A very important action was taken this 
year which with the concurrent action of the Board ot Al- 
dermen may be called the turning point in the possibilities 
of improving our streets. This was a joint delegation, 
composed of the Street Committee ofthe Board of Alder- 
men and a committee appointed by the Board of Trade to 
visit Governor Abbett and urge upon him t'.ie necessit} ol 
signing the bill which had been passedfor the benelit of Pat- 
erson, providing that permanent street improvements 
should be made at the general expense. The result of this 
joint action was a very kind reception by the Governor 
and his ultimate signing the bill. Under the provisions ot 
this bill the improvements of late years have been made. 
Am mg other subjects which cam.- up during this year was 
the navigation ofthe Passaic riverto Paterson; the benefits 
of technical education and t'.ie methods of bettering the 
countv roads under the supervision of the Board of Free- 
holders. In reference to the navigation matter it might be 



3^ 



PATERSON, ILL USTRATED. 



well to say that a committee of the Board of Trade ol 
Newark with a committee ofthis Board, accompanied by 
Mr. Dorflinger, the engineer, who had previously con- 
ducted .1 survey of the river on behalf of the United States 
. rnment, made a trip over that pari of the river which 
would have to be improved in order to make ii navigable. 
He presented a chart and survey of the river made by him- 
self and assistants, gave estimates of costs and methods "l 
improvement and freely expressed his opinion as to the 
laro'e advantages which would accrue to Paterson from a 
navigable river. Perhaps the most important matter 
which occupied the attention of the Board tins year was 
that of public parks. Growing out of action previously 
taken, Mr. 11. B. Crosby presented an exceedingly inter- 
esting paper on the subject. This meeting was near the 
end "t' tSSi. We arc now in 1890 but from the time first 
named to the consummation of the project, there was no 
time that this park matter was not uppermost in the mind 
of Mr. Crosby. Time and trouble seems of little consider- 
ation; when nearly all doubted, he held to his faith. The 
growing sentiment of the public was watched: the careful 
consideration as to the ways and means which were natur- 
ally felt by the "City Fathers," who had man) responsi- 
bilities resting on their shoulders and naturally shrank 
from incurring large indebtedness, were met In the argu- 
ments as to the nrvtl of and the benefits to the people. As 
we all believe, the right won, the ordinance providing for 
the purchase of two extensh e parks w as passed and to Mr. 
Crosby's great delight he was permitted to hear from the 
great bell in one of our steeples a "ring out" which but 
lew at that late hour of the night knew the meaning of. Ii 
must be named here, because it is to their great honor and 
far-sightedness, that the newspaper press of the city 
gave the aid of their powerful influence in securing this 
great blessing, - 1 full of promises and health, comfort and 
pleasure to the dwellers in this hive of industry. 

I have now reached a period so recent that it seems 
■ ireely worth while to detail the various actions of the 
Hoard. The Delaware. Lackawanna iV VVestern railroad 
company has at least heeded the appeals of the Board, 

made- repeatedly in past years, and has constructed a spur 
into the city. l'>\ the destruction of Washington Hall 
building the Board of Trade lost its valuable library, which 
took main years to accumulate, its furniture and its rec- 
ords. At present the Board i- actively engaged in procur- 
ing the erection of a line city hall to meet the growing 
needs of the city. Very much of the work ol the last years 
has been of the same character as that which has gone 
before. I trust, however, that I may he permitted to say, 
though 1 am myself a member ol the Board, thai in every 
discussion and in all actions, or attempted actions, the 
Board has had for its object the weal of the city and its 
citi/ens Never at any time has am' action been taken or 
n made which had personal or seltish ends. In 
public or in charitable efforts the money of its members 



has keen quite as freely given as that of other citi/ens. It 
may he said that it has not done enough, or even all that it 
could, but it must not he forgotten that the sins of omission 

are very easily 1 nitted, and there i- no member of the 

Board who would not have rejoiced if a greater number and 
a larger interest and a greater good to our city had been the 
history of tin- Board of Trade. Those who have borne 

the heat and burden of the past will feel greatly the relief 

which will naturally come from the infusion ol new mem- 
bers and will rejoice the more if these additions shall make 
the Boai d more useful. 

In this little review of the past 1 have confined myself 

entirely to the more sober matters of business which have 

indeed mainly occupied the attention of the Board, but 

there has also been a lighter side, where the more pressing 
realities of the work day world have been laid aside and 
we have indulged in those social gatherings, where. 
though the main object of the Board was not lost sight of. 
it was for the lime being only an accompaniment to the 
pleasures of the social season. It is my purpose only to 
allude to these episodes. The character of them may he 
found reported, in more or less full degree, in the annual 
reports. 

•Shall I stop here or shall I indulge in the saddened 
thought which comes with remembrance of those who 

wire with lis in former years but now ••are not:' To the 
older members come up the names of Barbour and Ryle, 
the first and second presidents of the Board. Mighty men 
they were to carry forward whatsoever they deemed 
worthy of their efforts. With the last oi these names 
comes up the thought of the magnificent gilt by his w idow 
of a building for the free public library of this city. May 
1 not name too the clear-headed and reliable Cooke ; the 
thoughtful investigator, highs; the ever willing and intel- 
ligent Dale : the quiet but sturdv of opinion. Hamil ; the 
ever ready, for work or play, Swinburne.' To use the 
winds of the sacred writer. "What shall 1 say more, [i 
the time would fail to tell'' of those large-spirited men ol 
influence, who have s 1 well acted their part, and left us to 
continue the w 01k. 

To those whom we •-hall so gladly welcome among 11* 
hereafter, as fellow-helpers, may we not ask that they 
think oxer tin- work which has been done in the past and 
ol which these- lines are only an inadequate memorial, and 
they determine that whatever may have been done in the 
past -hall be exceeded in the future? The world is con- 
stantly widening and the opportunities tor doing good to 
others ever multiplying. It is only the few who are will- 
in.; to work for man as man ; be a part ol that tew. Let 
him consider the problems of life which surround him on 
every hand. Let him enter into some ol the noble enter- 
prises for the benefaction of the race and do his part 
towards the improvement of those immediately around 

him. lie will then be a g I member of the Board of 

Trade. 



S3 



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m 



n Moves, Ipc 



34 



THE !LL<U!STK^TI©INiS IN THIS WOLWE WEKE FWNISHE& PY THI 



35 




MA30MI0 HALL. 



86 




THE FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY. 



37 




38 




CHURCH OF THE REDEEMER. 



EA3TSIDE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 



39 




ST. JOSEPH'S CATHOLIC CHURCH. 



ST. JOHN'S CATHOLIC CHURCH. 



40 




DIVISION ST. REFORMED CHURCH. 



BROADWAY REFORMED CHURCH. 



41 




INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH OF THE REDEEMER. 




INTERIOR OF ST. JOHN'S CATHOLIC CHURCH. 



42 




PU3LIC SCHOOL NO G. 



43 




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44 



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45 



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PUBLIC SCHOOL NO. 9. 



46 




PUBLIC SCHOOL NO. 5. 



47 




PUBLIC SCHOOL NO. 2. 



48 







LU 

I 

o 



49 



H * ■ •> , 7 




FIRST NATIONAL BANK. 



50 




SECOND NATIONAL BANK. 



51 




PATERSON NATIONAL BANK, 



52 




ENTRANCE TO CEDAR LAWN CEMETERY. 




VIEW IN CEDAR LAWN CEMETERY. 



53 




4*M 




ENTRANCE TO LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY. 




VIEW IN LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY. 



64 




MARSHALL & BALL'S CLOTHING HOUSE. 



55 




THE BELL BUILDING. 



56 




05 

o 

05 
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05 
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57 




58 




EXTERIOR OF THE PATERSON ELECTRIC LIGHT COMPANY'S WORKS. 




EXTERIOR OF THE EDISON ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING COMPANY'S WORKS. 



59 




SWITCHBOARD OF THE PATERSON ELECTRIC LIGHT COMPANY'S WORKS. 




SWITCHBOARD OF THE EDISON ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING COMPANY'S WORKS. 



60 




LOCKWOOD BROTHERS' FURNiTURE STORE. 



61 




£j***&zri 



THE JOHN NORWOOD COMPANY'S PAINT STORE. 



62 




MEYER BROTHERS' DRY GOODS STORE. 




THE HOBART-STEVENSON BUILDING, 



63 




SWITCH30ARD OF THE NEW \URK & NEW JERSEY TELEF 



COMPANY. 




THE DOREMUS HOMESTEAD. 



64 




GLENWOOU OR KYLE'S PARK. 



' The Free Public Library. 



By Mr. GEORGE WURTS, Editor of The Daily Press. 




HE Free Public Library is an institution that 
the people of Paterson regard with peculiar 
I pride, not only for the benefits which flow 
'Va'i'jrks' from such a fountain of culture and eniov- 
uvrftv nient to all cities fortunate enough to possess 
one, but because it was the first entirely 
'f/*V* ^ ree public library established in New 
Jersey. Mam attempts had been made in 
the earlier' history of the town and city to found libraries 
partaking more or less of a public character, with the usual 
experience in such cases. Being limited in scope, unen- 
dowed, and depending on ephemeral sources of support, 
these enterprises one alter another dickered out their fee- 
ble lives. In the \ear 1884 the lion. William Prall. then 
a talented member of the Passaic Count) liar, but who has 
since taken orders in the ministry of the Protestant Epis- 
copal Church, was a member of the House of Assembly of 
the New Jersey Legislature. Mr. Prall had long been a 
zealous advocate of culture among the masses and had lab- 
ored diligently to lead the minds of his fellow citizens in 
the direction of the organization of a free public library. 
The opportunity for which he sought was opened by his 
position as a member of the Legislature, and he gave 
much thought and study to an effort to mature a law under 
which his own city at least — if not all the cities of New 
Jersey — could become the happy possessor of a library 
free to all. Others had done good work to the same end. 
and one ol these attempts especially deserves to be remem- 
bered. In 1883, a year before Mr. Prall framed his bill, 
the lion. P. II. Shields, then a Member ol' Assembh 
from this city, had introduced a bill to establish a public 
library, which was drawn by Mr. William II. Barry, 
principal of one of our public schools. This bill, though 
it contemplated making the library a charge on the public 
treasury, embraced the idea of having it constitute a part 
of the common school system of the city by putting it 
under the care of the Board of Education. Hence it was 
not to lie a tree public library in the broadest sense. This 



bill for some reason failed to become a law, but it merits 
recognition as a well meant effort to accomplish a benign 
purpose, and it undoubtedly pioneered the way tor the 
Prall bill of the following year. The latter, as stated by 
its author, had a three-fold purpose: "To form a perfect 
ami distinct corporation, to tie it to the city ami public 
school system, yet not to place it under municipal author- 
ity, and to keep the library forever out of the play of party 
politics." This bill is said to have been different from the 
law for the formation of public libraries in any other State. 
In its preparation Mr. Prall received valuable suggestive 
aid from the Hon. John W. Griggs, then State Senator 
from Passaic County and a devoted and judicious cham- 
pion of education ami public culture. The act as passed 
was very simple in its terms. It vested the management 
of the library when created in a board of seven trustees to 
be appointed bv the Mayor, in which the municipal hoards 
should always be represented by the Mayor and Superin- 
tendent of Public Instruction as members ex-officio. The 
actions and responsibility of this Board of Trustees are en- 
tirely within themselves, subject to no control or dictation 
from any other source whatever. I!\ the law the Board 
ol Aldermen is required every year to provide in the tax 
levy' for a sum equal to one-third of a mill on every dollar 
of taxable properly, which sum the C'ilv Treasurer is re- 
quired to p.i\ over to the public library trustees on draft of 
their President. It will be seen thai the income thus pro- 
vided is not only secure, but it must regularly increase 
with the growth of the city. The act was not 1 , he opera- 
tive until approved by a majority ol" all t\ic voters at the 
first municipal election held alter its passage, which was 
that of the Spring ol' 1XS-. Careful steps were taken to 
secure the placing of the library option on all the party 
tickets used, and to arouse public sentiment in support of 
the project, through tile press of the city, which gave its 
united and cordial aid. The result was that the vote was 
practically unanimous in acceptance of the law. Thus il~ 
somewhat peculiar provisions received a popular sanction 






PA TERS ( W, II- 1- 1 r S I K. I TED. 



so emphatic as to remove all fear of its disturbance in the 
future. The income of the library the first year was about 
oo, supplemented by some $5,000 raised by subscrip- 
tions and applied i" the purchase of books. Its appro- 
priation from the citv was over $8,000 the past year. 
Ii is entirely safe to say that no money raised for taxes 
li\ the citizens of Paterson is paid more cheerfully than 
thai which goes to the support of the Free Public Library. 
It is also interesting and important to state thai the addi- 
tion of that tax lias really not been felt in the smallest 
decree l>\ am citizen, as It has not been attended by the 
slightest increase in the tax rate. It is so compara- 
tively small as to be inappreciable in the bulk of the gen- 
eral tax levy. It would perhaps not be strictly true to say 
that the people of Paterson enjoy their public library with- 
out cost, but it is true that the) are none of them conscious 
of am cost. The' money is simpl) saved from some other 
purpose which does not need nor miss it. Mr. Prall was 

very properly made one of the first Board of Trustees and 

elected its President, an office which he held until his 
removal from the city. The present Board is composed 
of the following gentlemen : 

1 Wmi-. term expires 1891 

: \. Haley, " 1892 

I'lnil. - Danforth, " 1893 

EUas J. Marsh, M. D., " 1894 

John II. Hopper, " 1895 

EX-OFl h I 1. 

Him. Nathan Barnert, Orestes M. Brands, 

\fayor. S p '.endent of Publ I 'ction. 

Following is the organization ol the Board : 

/',.-./ „/. EliasJ. Marsh, M. D. 
7>, id. - Danforth. 

Secretary, G 1 F. Winchester. 

i: ib it A. Haley, Chairman : John H. 
Hop], 1. Hon Vitii in Barnert 

y. — John II. Hopper, ( . Elias J. Marsh, 

M. D., Charles Danforth. 

<— George Wnrts, Chairman; K. -I. Marsh, M. 
I'.i> M. Brands. 

1 !eo. F. Winchester. 
1 Eleanor G. Weller, Lb ie P Scott, Stella Brands, Uhas. 

1'. 1. ingvrell. 

1 "1. ivl, 5 1 1 Cundell. 

The Library is open (except Sundays and legal holidavs) 
from 10 A. M. to S 1'. M.. the hour ol' closing being ex- 
tende 1 to 9 p. M. on Saturdays. Any resident of the city 
oxer 1 1 can draw hook-, without charge of any kind and 
under very liberal rules, which are rarely abused. Non- 
residents can become users of the library by paying one- 
dollar a year. Teachers ol' the public schools can draw 
six 1 h at one time, upon subjects connected with 

the studii ml. Seven days and two weeks are 

the limits of keeping respective classes of books. 

The re. 1 n i- free to all pels in- over 14 during 

it- regular hours, on week days, from 9 A. M. to 10 1'. M. 
and on Sundays persons above [8 are admitted from 
2 P. M. to ,, |'. M. The Library now contains about 
13,500 volumes. The reading room receives 23 daily 



papers, 63 weekly publications, one tri-weekly, 1 fort- 
nightly, 53 monthly, 3 quarterly — if) in all. The num- 
ber of Looks issued liom the Library to he taken home 
was in the past \ear ( 1889) nearly 7' >.< ><>o. It has issued 
a- high as ^So in ■, single day. 

For the first five years ol' its existence the Library was 
housed in a rented building in Church street. I he ele- 
gant -tincture in which it is now installed as its perma- 
nent home, of which a cut is given above, was the gifl to 
the City ol' Paterson of Mr-. Mary E. Ryle, in loving 
memory of her father, the late Charles Danforth. it having 
been the residence of that gentleman and falling to Mrs. 
Ryle by bequest. The value of the real estate was com- 
puted at about $50,000 an 1 Mrs. Ryle not content with 

this magnificent benefaction supplemented it by paying all 
the expenses incurred in it- remodelling and equipment 
for the uses of the Library, amounting to some $1 5,000 more. 
Thus the gift of Mrs. Ryle aggregated about $65,000, the 

only condition made being that the building itselt should 
be known as the ••Danforth Library Buildings," and 
that a tablet commemorating the name of Charles Danforth 
should be erected on it- walls. This was. indeed, a noble 
gift to Paterson from this great hearted lady, who is 
known through the whole city for many liberal but 1111 >s- 
tentatious act- of generosity. It i- the first, but it is hoped 
will be by no means the last, strictly public endowment by 
a citizen of Paterson tor the benefit of its people. The 
Library has only very recently been removed to it- new 
home, which is fitted up with every adjunct for the com- 
fort and convenience ol' the public that such an institution 
can have. In the handsome entrance tower is a superb il- 
luminated clock, with two faces, the liberal gift of Mr. 
William T. Ryle. a son of Mrs. Mary Ryle. In the vesti- 
bule of the tower stand two statues to which attache- great 
interest. They are of brown stone ami form part of a 
group representing Tarn O'Shanter and his companions. 
carved main years ago b\ the sculptor Thorn. Two 
of this -roup of four statues were lost at sea, while the 
others were purchased by Mr. Roswell L. Colt. For 
lift v years they -loud in 1 u p 1 1 h on either side the do, ,1 of 
his mansion on ■• Colt's Hill." and were familiar figures to 
all t'.ie old resident- of the city. They were presented to 
the Library by Mr. Morgan (>. Colt and his sister, Mrs. 
De Grasse B. Fowler, and President Marsh well said in 
his annual report for 1SS9 : "This gift was very highly 
appreciated by the Trustees both on account of the artistic 
of the works and also for their association with the 
past history of Paters hi an 1 with one ol' it- leading citi- 
zen-." Another gifl of special value made to the Library 

during the past vear was on u seven hundred large 

photographs presented by Mr. John Green. About 1 
years ago Mr. Green retired from business an 1 left Pater- 
son for a protracted trip around the world. On hi- jour- 
nc\ he gathered photographs representing the scenery, 
habitation-, monuments and customs of the countries and 
nations which he visited, and on his recent return home 
had these photographs properly mounted and arranged, 



PA TERS ON, IL L I S IRA TED. 



6 7 



and then he presented them to the Library. They fill 
fourteen portfolios, and represent views in China. 
Japan, Australia, India. Egypt, Turkey and the Holy 
Land, the Azores and Madeira and several states of 
Europe. This collection of photographs is of very consid- 
erable value, and will undoubtedly be highly appreciated 
bv the visitors to the Library as soon as it is made availa- 
ble. The trustees were very glad to receive these gifts of 
art treasures, as they cherish the hope that they mav at no 
distant day collect many similar objects, and establish a 
museum and art gallery to add to the attractions and the 
educational value of the Library. They are especially de- 



sirous of collecting and preserving objects and relics that 
will be interesting from a local point of view. 

The number of card holders of the Library is now about 
9.000. Its operations have been much hampered by want 
of room, but now that it is housed in its elegant new quar- 
ters it is expected that its business will largely increase in 
all its departments, which have hitherto been constantly 
taxed to their utmost capacity. In Mr. George F. Win- 
chester the Board possesses a Librarian whose titness for 
the important and responsible post is rare indeed. Cul- 
tured, experienced, genial ami indefatigable, he is clearly 
"the right man in the right place." 



Banking Institutions. 



THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK. 

This institution was organized in the early part of [864, 
being among the first established in the I nited States un- 
der authority of the then National Currency Act. The 
bank was opened for business in May of that year, 
with a subscribed capital of $100,000, of which $30,000 
was paid in. William Gledhill was elected President and 
George M. Stimson Cashier. Doubtless the intent of the 
originators was that the institution, while of a semi-public 
character and affording all the protection to the public, 
and advantages within the limits of the National Currency 
Act, was intended as a private institution. Failing health 
on the part of Mr. Stimson, the Cashier, and owner of 
most of the capital stock, coupled with a very limited busi- 
ness, an 1 no doubt largely influenced by the fact that the 
institution was personal in its character, induced the direc- 
tors upon the acceptance of the resignation of Mr. Stimson 
in July of that year, to Resolve, "That the association go 
into liquidation, and be closed on and alter August 1. 
1S64." Thus it will lie observed that the city of 20,000 
inhabitants with its already too limited financial facilities, 
was about to be deprived of an institution, which though 
small could prove no less than a misfortune. 

At this important moment in the financial historv ofPat- 
erson Mr. John J. Brown, then a leading merchant of the 
citv, a man of broad experience, discernment and enlight- 
ened judgment, realizing the loss to the city by the closing 
of the institution, and further, the material benefits to be 



derived by the continuance of the bank upon a basis some- 
what commensurate with the needs of the community, lie- 
came interested in securing subscriptions to the capital 
stock of $100,000, which after many discouragements was 
accomplished and the bank witli a somewhat hopeful pros- 
pect was saved through the personal efforts of Mr. Brown, 
who at the reorganization in 1864, was unanimously elect- 
ed President, which office lie has continued to fill for now 
over twenty-six years to the satisfaction of his associates,' 
the stockholders and all who have had occasion to transact 
business with the institution. 

The bank was formally opened to the public September 
24, 1S64, with the following officers and directors: — John 
J. Brown, President; Jonathan S. Christie. Vice-Presi- 
dent; Edward T. Bell, Cashier. John Cooke, John Rey- 
nolds. Henry B. Crosby. John N. Terhune, Henry M. 
Low. John J. Frown. J. S. Christie, Josiah P. Huntoon, 
John Swinburne, Patrick Curran, Edward C. May. Wil- 
liam Gledhill and George M. Stimson. 

The new institution was particularly fortunate in the se- 
lection of its cashier. 'Fhe term fortunate may be permit- 
ted here, for aside from being known bv Mr. Frown, he 
bad not an acquaintance in Pa'terson. Mr. Edward T. 
Bell, who was then elected (and except for a few years in 
which he was engaged in business in New York has been 
cashier ever since) was admirably qualified tor a position 
in a bank where the business was. so to speak, to be built 
up. Although young, having only just passed into man- 
hood, he had had several years experience in the National 






PA TERSON, II. 1. 1 r STRA TUP. 



Bank at Hackettstown, where he became familiar with all 
the details of bank work, and he came after being first teller 
in a bank in ferse) City, to the new work with all the en- 
thusiasm of a young man an I more than the usual knowl- 
ofwhal was required in such an institution from the 
employees, as well as in all the varied details oi the busi- 
ness of a bank. 

Few institutions in the country can boast of a career « > i 
such uniform prosperity ami stead) growth. The original 
charter expired b) limitation in [SS3. During this period 
of time, (aboul eighteen years), dividen I- have been paid 
to th olders ex< 0,000; State and United 

Statastax ;■•.••>: leaving a nst surplus of ovet 

The charter was extended in iSS> for 20 years. Divi- 
den Is of i« 1 |> 'i cent, per annum, free of taxes, have been 
paid for several years past, the aggregate of \\ hicli ami units 
to over $300,030. [t is worthy of noi thai the institution 
during its existence of over twenty-six years has uniform- 
ly paid dividends in Januaiy and Jul) oi i ich year. 

The capital stock of the bank has been increased a-- rap- 
idly as the needs of the communis seem to warrant, stand- 
ing n iv\ al $.| »o,oo 1. with a surplus an 1 profit account of 
■ 1, and a dep >-it line of from $i,S 1 1,0 1 1 to $j,odo. 
..ii. Its banking building, the mosl substantial, ini|)'»- 
ing architectural structure in the city, was completed in 
187 1, at a cosl of $1 1 1,0 > >. now s1 in ling on the books of 

the bank al $ 17,0 1 >. Hie bankin ; 1 1- arc large and 

commo liuus. being located up in the secon I tl 1 ir of the 
building. The erection of this building has tended to cen- 
tralize in the immediate vicinity the m metan affairs of the 
city. In the building arc local d the Post < >ffice, Western 
Union Telegraph Company, U. S. Deput) Collector of 
Internal Revenue, Mr. F. K. McCully, German Ameri- 
can Insurance Company, besides mam of the prominent 
law vers of the cil \ . 

The pre-. -nt Board of Directors is composed of Henry 
1!. (. h • isl >\ . Alpheus S. Allen. James Booth, VV. O. Fav- 
erweather, John Reyn ilds, '.arret I). Voorhis, T'>hn f. 
Brown, William Barbour, J. \V. Cleveland. Garret A. 
Hobart, A. W. Rogers, Edward T. Bell, all being gentle- 
men of ( laractei and public spirit, while actively engaged 
in business. 



[871 the bank was reorganized under the National Banking 

Act and the name of the Passaic County National Bank 
was assumed. The capital stock was increased to $150,- 

and the bank was opened for general banking pur- 
poses, having until that time been virtually a private hank. 
A number of new directors were elected and the business 

e institution soon began i" assume considerable pro- 
portions. ( )n |ul\ 1. [S74, Congress pa il act 
changing the name <il the institution t" the Second Na- 
tional Bank of Paterson and it ha- since done business 
under that name. A few years ago il acquired possession 
b) purchase oi' the building in which it i- located. The 
management of the hank has always been conservative ind 

it- semi-annual dividends of four or live per cent, come 
around with the regularity of the tide. It ha- a surplus of 

$7:5,00 1 and an ever increasing line oi deposits amounting 

at present to about three-quarters of a million of dollar-. 

Its board of directors is composed of s ime of the most en- 
terprising ami successful business men oi Paterson. t^n- 
fidence in the ability of it- director- an 1 officers has placed 
the bank among the mosl popular institutions in the city. 
The following aie the officers of the hauls: President, 
Tame- fackson ; vice president, F. C. Van Dyk ; cashier, 
fames W. Row: assistant cashier, William 1). Blauvelt; 
hoard of directors. James Jacks >n. F. C. Van Dyk, Peter 
Doremus, Samuel Nathan, Peter Quackenbush, Charles I). 
Beckwith, Louis A. Piaget, J. A. Van Winkle. 



THE SECOND NATIONAL BANK. 

Mr. George M. Stimson and some friends in iS^j or- 
ganized the Passaic Count) Bank, under the -tat. law-: 
the capital of the institution was 1,00 1, but in [S >; was 
increased to >. hi February, is>^. the hank 

passed in 1 tli h.ni I- of Mr. James Jackson ami a lev. 
friends, Mr. Jackson holding mosl ol 1 k and being 

the president of the hank; David Burnel was cashier for 
man) v* held that position until hi- death. In 



THE PATERSON NATIONAL BAN;:. 

The Paterson Nation d I!. mk starte I into business on the 

loth oi" fiily, i^ s '. with a capital of $200,000, and 
although in operation bul a short tim ■ i- alrealv doing a 
most satisfactory business, its volume of deposits having 
00.000 in I $700,000. The institution 
i- established tor a general banking business, including 
collection- on Paterson ami all points in Northern New 
fersey. William Strange is President. II. B. Parke, Vice 

President and II. C. Knox, cashier. Mr. Strange is as 
widelv known as the American silk industry, being the 
head of the great silk manufacturing concern bearing the 
title of the William Strange Compan) : Mr. Parke, a 
native of I kite 1 - in, acting head of the new banking institu- 
tion, is identified with her industries, and i- also largel) 
experienced 111 banking business through hi- connection 
for twenty-two years with the National Broadwa) Bank of 
New York city. Mr. Knox also possesses eminent fitness 
tor his important ami responsible position through his 

in financial operations in New York city, 
ie he was lorinerlv Assistant National Bank Exam- 
iner. He is a nephew of Hon. John Ja) Knox, for twenty 
vcar- United State- Comptroller of the Currency. Ike 

Hoard of Director- i- composed as follows: Robert liar- 



/ 'A TERSON, IL L US TRA TED. 



6 9 



hour, President Barbour Flax-Spinning Co.; John W. 
Griggs, lawyer; John S. Cooke, President Cooke Loco- 
motive and Machine Co.; William Barbour, of the Bar- 
bour Bros. Co.; F. W. Allen. Samuel J. Watson, of 
Watson Machine Co.; Watts Cooke, President Passaic 
Rolling Mill Co. : Win. Strange, Wm. T. Ryle, silk 
importer; Samuel V. S. Muzzy, Harwood 15. Parke, 
Henry C. Knox. The stock of the institution is well dis- 
tributed, the shareholders including all classes and all lines 
of business being represented, which renders the new 
financial enterprise exceedingly popular in the community 
A handsome building is about completed for occupancy 
by the hank, and for other purposes, at a central location 
in Market street, one of the principal business arteries of 
the city. The building is _|_bxSo, five stories in height and 
practically fire-proof, the material being mainly iron, stone 
and brick. The first Moor will be occupied as a banking 
room and is elegantly fitted up in marble, and communi- 
cates with a safe deposit vault having accommodation for 
600 boxes. The vault is absolutely burglar and fire proof. 
being furnished with time locks of the latest improved pat- 
tern and all the best approve 1 attachments. Safe deposit 
for silver plate and more bulky articles is furnished in the 
basement vaults immediately un lerneath the other, and in 
connection therewith. The remaining four floors are 
fitted up in the best manner for occupancy as law offices, 
etc.. t!ie entire building being heated, ventilated, illumin- 
ated, furnished with elevators and all modern appliances for 
■convenience and comfort. 



The Paterson Savings Institution. 

In the early part of iNoS public attention was directed 
through several articles in the Daily Press, to the needs 
of a savings bank in the city for the accommodation of a 
large number of our citizens who were compelled at great 
inconvenience, as well as risk, to seek such facilities at 
Newark, Jersey City and New York. The people had so 
long suffered from the absence of these facilities that the 
beneficent influences of a well organized savings bank, as 
well as the material benefits to the community, were seem- 
ingly lost to public view. Doubtless the closing of the 
Paterson Savings Bank a few years prior to this time hail 
a marked influence in deterring the people from assuming 
the responsibility of organization and management of an 
institution of this character. The only financial institu- 
tions in the city at this time were the First National and 
the Passaic County National Banks. While these institu- 
tions were liberal in their management and fulfilling their 
mission as banks of discount, interest was not paid on de- 
posits. The need became so pressing for the establish- 
ment of an institution which should meet a want of the 
thousands of our citizens, who sought not only a place of 
safety for their limited means, but interest upon the same. 



that application was made to the legislature of the State for 
a charter, which had been carefully prepared, somewhat 
out oi the usual form lor savings banks in providing a 
guarantee fund as surety for depositors. The act was 
passed in April, [869. The capital of $100,000 was sub- 
scribed by the following persons, who became the first 
Board of Trustees : — 

A. S. Allen. Stephen Allen. John J. Brown. II. B. 
Crosby, P. Curran, J. S. Christie, A. Derrom, lames 
Dunn. W*. W. Faii-banks. J. P. Huntoon, John Hopper, 
R. Hamil, E. C. May, John Reynolds, John Swinburne. 
John N. Terhune and EdwardT. Bell; Robert Hamil was 
elected president. Andrew Derrom vice-president and Ed- 
ward T. Bell secretary and treasurer. 

The institution was formally opened at ijj Congress 
(now" Market) street. May 1. iN>). For two years busi- 
ness was continued in this location, the bank being open 
on Wednesday and Saturday evenings of each week. 

The premises 235 Main street (Congress Hall) were 
leased and occupied May 1. 1S71. after which the bank 
was opened dailv ami on Saturday evenings. The charter 
expired by limitation in April. 1889. Idle institution had 
proven not only a great success, but of such incalculable 
benefit to the people, that the managers unanimously re- 
solved to apply to the State authorities for an extension of 
the charter, which was ".ranted for the full period of fifty 
years from April 2. rSS 1. 

Mr. Robert Hamil resigned the presidency in [876, af- 
ter serving most acceptably for a period of seven years. 
Mr. John Reynolds who had served the institution in the 
honorary position as vice president (succeeding Col. Der- 
rom.) was unanimously elected to the vacancy. Mr. Rey- 
nolds was one of the promoters of the bank and from the 
organization to the present time he has been most inti- 
matelv identified with it. guarding the pi"ogress, growth 
and usefulness with zeal and intelligence. 

Mr. Edo 1. Merselis was elected secretary and treas- 
urer in the fall of iS'jz, succeeding Mr. Bell, who had re- 
signed. Mr. Merselis entered the ban's as general clerk 
at its organization. lie has therefore been continuously in 
its service tor over twenty years. During this time he 
has by diligence, courtesy and painstaking care, with his 
thorough and systematic methods, earned for himself an 
honorable record as a bank officer. 

The present officers are: — John Reynolds, president; 
Henry B. Crosby, vice president; Edo I. Merselis. secre- 
tary and treasurer. 

The following exhibit of the institution i-, taken from the 
official report to the State, Januarv 1. iSyo: — 

ASSETS. LIAI1I1.ITIES. 

Cash $109,242.46 Due Depositors, . . . $3,558,911.50 

U.S. Bonds 252,000.00 Capital stock; 80.000.00 

Municipal Bonds.... 1,1 98, 934. 18 Surplus •. 270,610.40 

Bonds & Mortgages 1,267,046 28 
Temporary loaus . . .962,953.16 

Interest accrued 38,745.82 

Krai estate 77,600.00 

Furniture and Fixtures 3,00(1.00 



§3 909,521.90 



521.90 



70 



/'. / TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



It is now twenty-one years since the institution was or- 
ganized. During this period, perhaps the mosl momen- 
tous in the financial history of an) country, "runs" upon 
the bank of greater or less magnitude have occurred dur- 
ing times of local excitement, or anxiety, resulting from 
commercial or financial revulsions. In all cases ever} de- 
mand upon the bank has been paid on presentation. Ii 
has likewise regularly paid interesl i<> depositors in No- 
vember and Ma\ of each year since its organization, the 
rates being a-- fi illow s : 

M iy, 1869 t i May, 1*77 6 per cent. 

May, 1*77, to May, 1879 5 

May, 1879, to Nov., L°80 4) " 

Nov., 1880, to May, L886 4 " 

May, 1886, and since S\ " 

A more extended idea maybe obtained of the benefi- 
cent influence of the bank from the following exhibit. 

Total amount deposited to May 1, 1890 $20,540,000 00 

drawn " " " 16,940,000 00 

Bal a leposit May 1, 1890 3,600,0 10 

Interest paid depositors 1,050,000 00 

Number of open accounts 13,017 00 

Average i ml t>> the credit of each depesiti>r M«y 1, 

L890 270 77 



sixtj feet on Main street and one hundred feel on Market 
street. The price paid was over$75,ooo. It is the inten- 
tion of the managers to commence the construction of a 
building during the present year, winch when completed 
will enable the institution to enjoj much needed additional 
accommodations and doubtless it will become the must 
striking architectural as well as the most elegant building 
in the city. 



The board of managers consist 

cnoVt n citizens : 

John Ke\ nolds. 
( ». I ). Voorhis, 
fohn I [opper, 
|ohn J. Brown, 
John 1 1 . Robinson, 
William L. Williams 
Henry B. Crosb) . 



Edo I. Meiselis 



of the following well 



G. A. Ilol.art. 
Edward T. Bell, 
E. B. King, 
|ohn II. Reynolds, 

W. II. Williams, 
A. S. Allen, 
lames Atkinson. 




Land Titles in Passaic County. 



By WM. NELSON, Attorney-at-Law and Corresponding Secretary of New Jersey Historical Society. 



/< VtVHE origin of the land titles in any locality, while 

M-.-i-JL^ usually interesting from an historical point of 

A^j^f" ' view, is of great practical value to the would-. 

be purchaser of real estate, who is often deterred 

from investing by the discovery of unexpected 

k difficulties in tracing the title to the land desired. 

The statutes of New Jersey provide that "no 
person who now hath, or hereafter may have, any right or 
title of entry into any lands, tenements, or hereditaments, 
shall make any entry therein, but within twenty years next 
after such right or title shall accrue ; and such person shall 
be barred from any entry afterwards ; provided always, that 
the time during which the person who hath or shall have 
such right or title of entry, shall have been under the age 
of twenty-one years, or insane, shall not be taken or com- 
puted as part of the said limited period of twenty years." 
The law further provides that "every real, possessory, an- 
cestral, mixed or other action, for any lands, tenements, or 
hereditaments, shall be brought or instituted within twenty 
years next after the right or title thereto, or cause of such 
action shall accrue, and not after: provided always, that 
the time during which the person who hath, or shall have 
such right or title, or cause of action, shall have been 
under the age of twenty-one years, or insane, shall not be 
taken or computed as part of the said limited period of 
twenty years." Hence, twenty years' quiet possession of 
a tract of land is accepted generally as evidence of perfect 
title, and very few lawyers or conveyancers ever extend a 
search beyond that period. 

Mortgages on which no interest has been paid for twenty 
years are presumed to have been paid. Judgments are 
good only for twenty years, unless the defendant removes 
from the State, in which case the period of his absence is 
not included within the twenty years. 

As there may be cases where the statute of limitations 
does not run. as in the eases of minor heirs, absent defend- 
ants, and others, the law goes further to protect the title of 
the occupant of lands, and provides "that sixty years' act- 



ual possession of any lands, tenements, or other real estate, 
uninterruptedly continued by occupancy, descent, convey- 
ance or otherwise, in whatever way or manner such pos- 
session might have commenced, or have been continued, 
shall vest a full and complete right and title in every actual 
possessor or occupier of such lands, tenements, or other 
real estate, and shall be a good and sufficient bar to all 
claims that may be made, or actions commenced by any 
person or persons whatever, for the recovery of any such 
lands, tenements, or other real estate." 

The title to all lands in the State of New Jersey is de- 
rived ultimately from King Charles II. of England, who 
by royal patent, dated March 12, 1664, conveyed New 
Jersey. New York and New England to his brother. 
James. Duke of York, afterwards King James II. of Eng- 
land. By deeds of lease and release, dated June 23-4, 
1664, James, Duke of York, conveyed the territory now 
known as New Jersey to John, Lord Berkeley, and Sir 
George Carteret. Berkeley and Carteret divided New- 
Jersey between them. Berkeley taking the southern or 
western half, and Carteret the northern or eastern half. 
In 1673 the Dutch captured New York and New Jersey, 
which they surrendered in 1674, and as the title to the con- 
quered soil was thereby considered to have reverted to the 
King, Charles II. gave another grant to the Duke of York 
for New Jersey and other territory, dated June 39, 1674, 
and the Duke in turn gave a new grant to Carteret for 
East New Jersey, by lease and release dated Jul} 28-9, 
[674. Carteret dying in e6So, left East Jersej to Trus- 
tees, to be sold for the benefit of his creditors, and the ter- 
ritory was put up at auction in London and sold for 
£3,400, to William 1'enn and eleven associates, the lease 
and release being dated February 1—2, 1682. The new 
purchasers immediately associated with themselves twelve 
others, and the better' to confirm their title James, Duke 
of York, by patent dated March 14, 1683, gave a new 
grant to the Twenty-four Proprietors. It is from this 
Board of East Jersey Proprietors that all titles to the soil 



7- 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



of Ni \\ [ersey excepl for lands under tidewater — are 
i raced. 

The first conveyance of laud in Passaic County was 
made in 1678, l'\ Sir George Carteret, to Christopher 
Hoogland, of Staten I slain 1. Ii was for i«d tracts of land, 
27S acres in all, in what is now known as the Dundee sec- 
tion of the city of Passaic. Hoogland sold the nexl year 
tn Mailman Vreeland, and the land remained in an almost 
unbroken tract in the possession of his descendants until about 
the year 1830, when the Dundee Manufacturing Company 
bough! iiiusi of it, and erected cotton mills on it. In [872 
the name of the Company was changed to "The Dundee 
Water Power and Land Company," and the corporation 
began to push the sale of its lands for mill-sites and for 
residences. Substantial!} all titles to land in the Dundee 
section of Passaic arc now traced only to this Company, 
its title having been thoroughly established by frequent 
searches. 

All the rest of the laud in Passaic City, in Acquackanonk 
township and in all of the city of Paterson south of the 
Passaic river, except a small strip in the extreme western 
edge "I the city, was conveyed in 1685 In the Board of 
East Jersey Proprietors to fourteen Dutch settlers, mostly 
from Bergen and New Amsterdam. In Passaic City, most 
of this land remained in the possession of the descendants 
of the original patentees until about the year [S62, when 
much ol' it was put on the market. Practically all the land 
in Passaic city has its title so thoroughly and so frequently 
searched that it is nit considered necessary to go hack 
more than twenty years to trace its origin. 

In the township of Acquackanonk — the Indian name of 
the territory patented in [685 — mosl of the land has re- 
mained in the possession of the original patentees and 
their descendants until within lwent\ or thirty wars, and 
its title is easily traced. 

That part of Paterson south of the Passaic river and east 
of the ridge broken through by the Passaic Falls, was di- 
vided about the year 1714 into twenty-eight farms of 74 
mogen (about [50 acres) each, and with few exceptions 
these farms remained in the possession of the original 
owners to whom they had been allotted, until 170.:. In 
that year the Society for Establishing Useful Manufac- 
tures, incorporated by the New Jersey Legislature in the 
year 1791, to found a great manufacturing emporium. 
bought 760 acres of land at and below the Passaic Falls. 
The Society retained nearly all of this land, until about 
tlie year [S35, and still owns extensive tracts in the cil\ ol' 
Paterson. Nobody thinks it necessary to go hack of the 
Society's title, and this fact greatly simplifies searching in 
Paterson. 

Tin town as Riverside remained in the possess- 

1 f the descendants of the original patentee until 1 

when lassed into the hands of the Riverside 

Land Improvement Company, which developed the prop- 
erty and put it on the market, with such success that the 
ipany has not owned an ai iv of laud there lor years, 
and the tract has been built up with extensive mills de- 



voted tn various industries. No search of title lor this 

tract need go hack of the Riverside Land Improvement 
Company . 

The greater pari of the city of Paterson lying east of 
East Eighteenth street, and extending t" Easl Forty-second 

street and the Passaic river, remained in farm lands until 
alioul the year 1865, and the title was principally in the de- 
scendants ol the original patentees, or in their immediate 
grantees. 

The title to nearly all the land in tin- present Fifth. 
Sixth. Seventh and Eighth Wauls of Paterson is traced t" 
the Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures. In the 
yeai [828 Robert Carrick, a shrewd Scotch cotton maun 
facturer, bought from one of the original families, a large 
tract in the present Fifth Ward, and had it mapped out 
into lots, which were sold according to his map. during 
the ensuing forty years. I lis title is considered the found- 
ation for all searches in that section. In the year [816 the 

Society I . M. conveyed t" the State of New Jersey exten- 
sive tracts of land in the Third. Fourth and Fifth Wards. 

which were sold by the Slate subsequent to 1835, accord- 
ing to maps prepared for the purpose. 

Thus it will he seen that the title to nearly or quite every 
pait of the city of Paterson south of the Passaic river is 
easily traceable to the Society L. M.. or to some of the 
descendants ol' the original patentees, or to grantees whose 
title is so well esstablished as to require 110 further inves- 
tigation. Indeed, il is a simple mailer to trace the title of 
ihis section to the original patentees in 1665. 

Totowa. as the Indians called il. being the northern part 
of Paterson, lying north and west of the Passaic river, and 
west of Clinton street, was conveyed by the Board of East 
Jersey Proprietors to George Willocks 1>\ patent dated 
Nov. 3, [696, and by him to Anthony Brockholls (Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of New York), Helmegh Roelofse and 
Roelof H'elmeghse, who in r 7 J j divided the [,500 acres 
into three lots — Numbers 1. 2 and ^. Brockholls taking .2 
and 3, and the other owners — now known as the Van 
IIouicus — taking lot No. 1. lying to the extreme we oi 
the tract, and retaining possession of that section until 
within a very recent date. The Brockholls heirs sold 100 
acre- out "i Lot No. :;. in i 7 5 s . to tlie Rev. David Mar- 
i nus, who in 1760 conveyed to Gerrit Van Houte, who 
dying about 1790-5, lelt his lands to his children, from 
whom the title is easily traced. Lot No. 2 also passed into 
the han I- of the \ an Houtens an I their relatives. I he 
remainder of Lot No. 3, comprising 628 acres, was sold 
h\ I'n 1 ccutor: of Henry Brockholst, son and heir-at-law 
of Anthom Brockholls, in 1 70S, to ( ferrebrandt Van Hou- 
teii. Helmegh Van Houten, Martin Ryerson ami Abra- 
ham Godwin, who divided the purchase into sc\ en tracts, 
which till v took 111 Severalty, and which remained in their 
families mostly until about the year [825, so that the title to 
this whole neighborhood is easily traced. 

That part of the First Ward lying east of Clinton street 
was in< hided in the Wagaraw patent, given by the Foard 
1 1 1 asl Jersey Proprietors in 1701 to Frans Ryersi n, in 



PA TERS OX, IL 1. 1 T S 7 R. I TED. 



73 



whose descendants the land remained until about sixty 
years ago, when it was mostly sold in large parcels, to in- 
vestors, who caused it to be mapped out into lots, which 
were sold by these maps during the ensuing thirty or forty 
years. 

Another fact that simplifies the searching of titles in Pat- 
erson is the custom that has been followed during the past 
twenty-five years of organizing land companies to buy up 
extensive tracts and improve them. The titles of these 
companies have been so frequently scrutinized that it is sel- 
dom thought worth while to go hack of them. 

There exist to this day fences marking boundary lines in 



the city of Paterson that were established so long ago as 
i 714. \\ ithin ten years an extensive farm, known as the 
Van Houten tract, lying on Broadway and adjacent 
streets, has been put on the market and sold otl'in building 
lots, on which have been erected dwellings costing in the 
aggregate between five and ten million dollars, and yet until 
within ten years no deed has ever been given for this prop- 
erty, it having passed by descent or devise during a period 
ot two centuries. 

The facts given above show that it is an easy matter for 
any intending purchaser to satisfy himself regarding land 
titles in Paterson, Passaic and Acquackanonk. 



Patersons Water Supply. 



BEING A HISTORICAL SKETCH OF Tilt: PASSAK w ITER COMPANY. 



By Mr. JOHN J. BROWN, President of the First National Bark. 



' j IIP first record in the hooks of the Passaic Water 
-*- Company is the following : — 

Patebson, N. -I . Feb. 11, 1854. 
A meeting of the Commissioners of the Passaic V\ a. r 1 lornpany was 
held this evening, wben it was agreed unanimously tbat tbe follow- 
ing notice be given in the Paterson Guardian and Paterson Intelli- 
gencer: — 

NOTICE. 

Tbe books for the subscription of tbe capital stock of tbe "Passaic 
Water Company" will be open at tbe office of C. S. Van W 
Tuesday 7th, Wednesday sth and Thursday tbe 'Jth days ot March, 
1854, from la o'clock, A. M., until 5 o'clock P. .\l , each day. 
Signed, T. D. Hoxsey, 

John J. Bhown, 

C. S. Van WaguNEB, 

• ll>HN DHEW, 

Samuel Smith. 
Patebson, Feb. 14. 1854. 

At a subsequent meeting of the Commissioners held 
March _ith. an organization was made by the choice of Mr. 
Van Wagoner as President of the Commission. Mr. Drew 
as Secretary and Mr. Brown as Treasurer. It was order- 
ed that when subscriptions were made to the capital stock 
on the opening of the books, that ten per cent, should be 
paid; namely one per cent, in cash and nine per cent, 
in checks, which should he approved by the treasurer. 

Pursuant to the notice, the hooks for subscription were 

i) 



opened on the da\s named. It is possible that if this oc- 
currence had taken place in this year of grace [S90, there 
might have been, ev< n in Paterson. a desire to push on an 
enterprise of so great moment, as the introduction of pure 
water. Put a! this early date, only few took interest in it. 
and the lull amount of the subscription to the capital si 
was only completed 1>\ Mr. John Ryle, who had already 
subscribed for the largest part, filling up the amount 
needed, by subscribing for the balance. This was done at 
the last hour of the last day, before cL sing the hoofs. 
The original subscribers to the stock were as follows: 
John Ryle, R. L. Colt, Thomas I). Hoxsey, John J. 
Brown. Andrew Derrom, Thomas Thorp, William Ryle, 
jr.. C. S. Nan Wagoner, Peter Ryle. 

The amount of the capital stock thus subscribed for was 
$ioo.O(kj. On the nth of March notice was given hv the 
commissioners, in the papers before named, that the stock- 
holders would meet for organization. This meeting took 
place on the 30th of March and resulted in the election of 
the following, as a Board of Directors : 

John Ryle, Roswell L. Colt. Cornelius S. Van Wag- 
oner, Thos. I>. Hoxsey, John T. Brown. Peter Ryle, 
Tin anas Thorp. 



; I 1W1 /: A'.S( W, ILLUSTRA TED. 



On the 13th day of April, the first meeting of the Board From the very first, and it may be added hen-, to the 

of Directors was held. At this meeting Thomas l>. Hox- very last Mr. Ryle took an intense interest in the Water 

sc\ was elected president, William Ryle, fr., treasurer, Company. This did not grow alone out of his large hold- 

and Thomas rhorp, secretary, .ill foi one v'ear. [t may ings of capital stock, nor out of his connection with the in- 

he mentioned here that Mr. William Ryle, Jr., was the terest he had in the valuable water privileges before named, 

latt- Mr. Ryle, so well known as a large manufacturer and 1 lis mind was a broad one, and took in large interest aside 

importer of silk, and not the present Superintendent of the from that of gain, so that in the development of this great 

Company, who bears the same name. At this meeting boon to the city of Paterson, his money interest in the 

also, ii was resolved that |ohn Ryle, C. S. Van Wagoner Company compelled him to go on, but it was subordinate 

and Thomas 1'. Hoxsey should visit and inspect the water to his public spirit and desire for the public good which 

wink--. ii Buffalo, Cincinnati and Philadelphia al the ex- constantly led the advance, llis intimate friends know 

pense of the company. quite well, that a g 1 deal of liis life was spent in what 



Thus was started into being a company almost without 
friends; quite without money, with an utterlack of experi- 
ence; with a very inadequate conception of what a water 
supply to a city meant; with everything to learn and at a 
period when only the larger cities had introduced water. 
As may be imagined, an enterprise like this, requiring so 
tn speak a giant's strength with only the p >wer of a child 
could only be attended b\ a world of care, anxiety and 



he, in his sometimes use of the Yorkshire dialect called 
"worreting" over his business troubles, lie lived to see 

the promised laud of the great success of his cherished 
scheme. lie scarcely more than entered it. hut he doubt- 
less felt that he could leave to his children some of the 
results of the care, anxiety and trials of a generation of 
yeaTS. He was aide in the later years of his life, in refer- 
ring to the terrible disaster which swept away his fortune 



, , ,' ,-,,.- ' • by the burninsr of the "Murray Mill," to sa\ "I was ruined 

trouble, and could only be accomplished alter many mis- , _ , 

, , • 1 , ,■ ,• • by fire, I w is saved 1>\ water, 

takes As has been mentioned, the torce ol circumstances 

compelled Mr. Ryle to take a larger part ol the capital FIRS! Si PPI.Y AM) POWI R. 

stock ..I the company, than even his very liberal ideas and To go back in our history; Mr. Ryle had before this 

hopeful disposition had prompted him to do. This be- time acquired possession of a part of the Falls property 

came a snuce both ol weakness and strength to the com- now owned by the Water Company. He had constructed 

pany. The position of Mr. Ryle was one of power by the reservoir now known as the -dower reservoir " then, 

reason ol his having large rights to the waters of the Pas- however, quite small in extent: and he had at the "Gun 

saic river, derived from agreements with the Society U. Mill" a surplus of power beyond the needs of the mill. 

M. lie als, had pumping facilities at the ••(inn Mill'" and He proposed to the Company, for a certain sum per 

had control of the waters of the lower basin below the annum, to supply them with water from his reservoir, the 

tails. This gave him the power of being greatly useful to wa ter to be forced into the reservoir by his power from 

the company which now his large ownership of the capi- below. This was all in anticipation oi the mains to be 

td stock made him, of course, willing to be. On the other i a ; c ] by the Company. This inadequate and costly scheme 

hand the large subscription which he made involved large fo r lifting water to that altitude, with all the risks oi piping 

cash payments, too large indeed, to come from one pocket. so rapid a stream as the Passaic often is. so near the falls. 

It may he fane in mind, by the older re. .dels of this w as after considerable negotiations adopted: and this fiist 

sketch, that d ill us in those days meant a good deal more supply, and for several years after the only supply, was by 

than they do now. Paterson had then no reservoirs of this crude and make-shift method of sending the very water 

capital such as national and savin- hanks to go to. and back, which had just tumbled over the falls, and which 

neithet real estate, nor silk machinery nor even silk it- again came back tlv.ough reservoir and mains to the streets 

sell, such little as was here ai th it time endd build water below. So great a mistake must he attributed to inexperi- 

works. Hence the early 1 icords of the Water Company ence, to lack of means for a more perfect way, and per- 

show a series of trials, delays, makeshifts and disappoi it- haps charitably, as one ol the same kind of mistakes which 

incuts from this lack of cash means Some of tin neaih always attend new enterprises, 
foreseen and inevitable, some as mi\ be supposed, came 

..... ., ... , I.A-l ING \IAI\s. 

unbidden, hut all alike were unwelcome. 

In the autumn of 1S55 various cities and towns were vis- 

As an illustration of the value of the dollar of thai day, iu ,,, t „ ascertain the relative value of the so cal i ed cement 

and als , oi what we in this extrava might call a pipes ,,„„ reports were m |ik . u|1 ,, R . subject) esp ecially 

grim joke, the following resolution was passed at 1 meet- 1 ,■ iu .1 1. 1 . 1 • 1 s- ,1 

1 by General Hoxsey, the President, and in |une. 1656, the 

ing which provided for the election of directors for die >■ 1 . 1 . .1 ,-',.• 

1 vl, "" i ui<: directors voted to adopt the cement pipes for street mains. 

second \ eai : ..., . ■ ., , . , , 

1 lie Sizes tor the \ ai'lOUS streets w ere determined up >n and 

•• A',:- ■■■':• 1/. That Th 's. I). Hoxsey be paid the sum of a contract was entered into with The Patent Water and (ias 

one hundred dollars tin- his services as President for the Pipe Co., of Jersey City for a quantity of the pipes and 

past year, and that the Secretary and the Treasurer be the laying of the same. It is worthy of record, t'\it the 

paid ten d illars for the same term.'" first contract made with that Company contemplated the 



PA TERSON, IL L US TRA TED. 



75 



laving of over fifty thousand feet of mains, or over ten 
miles. The contract tor trenching was given to Thos. A. 
Quin, a contractor then living in this city. 

ISSUE OF BONDS. 

It need scarcely be said after mentioning the inadequate 
means with which the Company was launched into being, 
that money would have to be bo rowed sooner or later; 
and so it was; only it was '■sooner" and not '-later." At 
this early time, with large expenditures before them, anil 
the expectation of revenue only in the future, it need not 
be wondered at that the contract with the Pipe Company 
contemplated the payment of a part of the work in bonds. 
These bonds were accepted by the Pipe Companv , and 
thus was issued the first ot a class of securities which have 
become nearly as familiar to the investors of Paterson as 
the municipal bonds of the city itself. These bonds were 
not for a large amount and of course have been long since 
paid. There have been some days since that time, which 
might well be called dark days for the Company ; some 
days when it was difficult to raise all the money that was 
needed for their many wants, but never from that early day 
of small things to the present has there been a day when 
the bond-holder waited tor the payment of his interest 
coupon. 

CONTRACT WITH Tilt; CITY. 

As might have been expected, the company made early 
application to the City Council for a contract for the use 
ot hydrants for fire protection. As is often the case in 
matters of this kind, the company were met by many de- 
lavs and questions, though not quite by refusals. Still the 
questions would arise as to the pressure, the quantity, the 
capacity of the pipes, the strength of the pipes; and then 
above all, the compensation. Without settling these ques- 
tions the company went on steadily with the work. The 
mains were laid, and from lack ot better directions, the hy- 
drants placed where it was thought they would do the most 
good. Before the final agreement and whilestill the mains 
were only partly laid and the city partly supplied, a fire 
took place at the corner of Main and Van Houten streets. 
where the Continental Hall building was afterward erect- 
ed. The prevention of a large conflagration by means of 
the new hydrants was so clearly demonstrated that most 
of the questions were answered at once, and they being re- 
moved, satisfactory agreement was arrived at. Mnce 
that time there have been several contracts made between 
the two corporations, for the supply ot' hydrants and other 
public uses, always it is believed to mutual satisfaction. 

QUIET PROGRESS. 

In the beginning of 1S57 the Company purchased from 
Mr. Kyle so much of the falls property as was then 
deemed necessary tor their use. This was the first pur- 
chase of real estate which in later days has assumed large 
proportions. About this time the Company engaged an 
office for themselves. Hitherto they had used the treas- 
urer's office. As a commentary on those early times and 
limited ideas which were the rule, it may be named that it 



was voted "to lease the rooms above Burnett's book store, 
lately used by the City Council, for five years, at ciJiH 
dollars per annum " These rooms be it known had been 
previously occupied by the cit) as a Council Chamber at 
si\t\ dollars per annum. "Great Scott:" some one ex- 
claims, "the Paterson City Hall at sixty dollars a year." 
Bear in mind, gentle leader, that this was in the year of 
grace 1857, when city officials furnished their own offices 
and their own furniture. 

During this and the succeeding year the sen ices of Gen- 
eral Hoxsey as President were deemed so efficient and val- 
uable that his salary was t'txed at $200 per annum, and the 
sum ot $500 was voted to him as extra compensation for 
services as engineer and counsel for the Company ; $=;o 
per annum was likewise deemed the proper figure lor the 
salary of the secretary. During this and the following 
year the mains were laid and water was supplied to what 
w as then called the North Ward. This was by means of 
a pipe laid on the stone piers under the flooring of the 
county bridge, permission having been previously obtained 
from the Hoard of Freeholders. 

CHANGE OF POWER. 
The years of 1858—59 and '60 were years of gradual in- 
crease in the users of water ; increase in expenses and a 
Continuous demand for more money. These years also de- 
veloped the utter inadequacy of the means for supplying 
the reservoir to meet the increased demand for water. 
Various changes were suggested from time to time, hut not 
until 1S61 was a determination arrived at, to make a radi- 
cal change in the method of pumping. 

The credit of this great change should be awarded to 
General Hoxsey. It was that the power at the Great 
Falls should be utilized for pumping, while at the same 
time the water of the river above the Falls should he used 
for supplying the reservoir instead of taking it from the 
basin below. This common sense idea, ami one \er\ easj 
to see the merit of, alter it was done, was a longer time in 
being accomplished thin would now be imagined. What 
any one can now see how to do was then supposed to he 
too large a work lor the then feeble Company. Columbus 
and the egg over again, btill it was done. A committee 
consisting ot the president, the treasurer and Mr. Andrew 
DeiTOm were empowered to examine methods, consult 
competent engineers and report as to the practicability and 
cost. The outcome of this was in the autumn of this year, 
Air. Emil Gevlcnc, an engineer of Philadelphia, was con- 
tracted with to execute the work, he being furnished 
with a turbine wdieel from Dayton, Ohio; rock excavation 
and mason work by Paterson qnarrymen and the promise 
of means of payment by the treasurer, the whole work be- 
ing under the superintendence of General Hoxsey. This 
method of using a put of Pass lie Falls still goes on. 
There has been need of enlargement ccrtainh : the turbine 
of that (\,i\ has given place to a larger one, the excavation 
in the rock has been made deeper so that more power 
could be obtained, but the plans of General Hoxsey for the 
method and his promise of the results was a marked sue 



7<> 



PA7ERS0N, ILLUSTRATED. 



cess, and now remains fastened in the rocks as a m mti 
ment ol his sagacity . 

SECOND RESERVOIR.. 

The latter end of the yeat h ings tin- tir-t mention of the 
need ol i second reservoir. There was however, no fur- 
ther i tio on it until early in the following year, when 
Mr---:-. Hoxsey, Brown ami Derrom were appointed to in- 
terview the city authorities with a proposal for the exten- 
sion of the present contract for tin- suppl) of hydrants. 
'I'h - was a- a preliminary consid ration to aid the ( 

before undertaking si. large an expenditure of 
Notwithstanding the urgent need of meeting the 
reasonable demands for abetter suppl} <>l water, various 
causes prevented action, and like man} other corporations 
before, and as mam no doubt, will do hereafter, much talk 
and little performance w s the order of the day ; so that 
tin it or four vea id, now called 

the middle resen oir, w as built. 

\ DISASTER. 

In the winter of 1S67 an unexpected and terrific disaster 
befel the Company. It ma) he stated that the entire 
water supply ol the city at this lime, came through a 
large main, laid on a bridge built for that purpose cross- 
ing the river from the Valley of the Rocks to the '-Gun 
Mill" yard. During a heav) freshet, either by the power 

1. 01 b) the heav) masses ni ice which came 

with the torrent of water, the bridge was carried away and 
of course the pipes with it This left the city en tin 1\ with- 
out water It needs no words to tell what this meant. 

Fortunately the Paterson Gas Company had at that time 
quite a stock "1 large iron pipe on hand This gave a 
chance to repair, with little loss of time, what promised to 
be one of the great disasters to the city Again Gen. Hox- 
sey's energy ami prompt action helped t 1 lessen the dura- 
tion 1 ilamity. New pipes wi ... teil with the 
broken pipes leading from the reservoir and were laid 
with -ieai rapidity on the I ound (no time 
being I iken tor excavation) along the Valley ol' the Rocks 
to 1 then standing, called the "Ryle bridge," 
cr - bridge anil into the Gun Mill yard, where 
the} were ..11 iched to the pipes on the south side of the 
river, thus restoring i nine tion between the leservoir 
and the city. Many will remember the od I appearance of 
this new kind ol suppl} pipes, lying as they did, like an 
rpenl on the highway They will remen 
the feeling of re 1 let w hen the work was accomplished, 
pany provided for a night patrol during the in 
terval between the break and the repair It ma\ be named 
here that when the perma lent icpair was made, the pipes 
were anchored in the bed of the river; among the rocks 
where it is believed I he) are secure from both tl lods and 
ice. Mr. John Drew. th( 1 Superinti .hut of the (.as 
1 1 pany, rendered ven efficient s-.-i v i, ,■- ,,,, this occasi in, 
and the Company tendered him a present of $250 for this 
sjrvice. Mi. Drew having signified a preference for a 



watch as a testimonial, his wish was met by the presenta- 
tion of a watch and chain costing the same sum. 

I II I NEW IthSERVOIR. 

In the spring of [S67 the project for the lon^ talked of 

new reservoit began to materialize. The laud now occu- 
pid by the middle reservoir was selected l>\ the directors 
subject to the approval of Theodore Weston, a capable 
civil engineer Mr. A. A. Fonda was engaged as the 
Company's Engineer, and a committee appointed to pur- 
chase the needed land. During the months of May and 

[une surveys were made; the property was purchased; 
the plans were approved ami a contract tor building the 
reservoir was made. This contract was awarded to Mr. 

Thomas F. Hoxsey. Nearly a generation who have 
grown up. so to speak, around it. can att st its stability 
and usefulness Few only remember the rough gorge 
which was once the site ol this reservoir 

As this is the lii-t mention of Mr. Fonda as being en- 
gaged a engineei 01 the Water Company it is a good 
place to state, that as Ion-' as he lived, he was the valued 
and skillful employee of the Compan) : prompt in doing all 

thai was required of him. ami. so tar as the writer can -.i\ . 

never made a mistake to the injury ol the Company. His 

was a s rious loss to the Company, as well as to a 

large circle ol friends is well as to the community, for his 

place was oik- hard to fill. 

At the election this year Mr. Hoxsey retired from the 
presidency alter thirteen years of faithful service. Mr. 
lohn Rvle was chosen in his place ami was re-elected from 
time to time until his death in 1SS7. 

CONTROVERSY Willi I ill. SOCIETY U M. 

In the ve.ii iS 1 !, a co 1 trovers) aros^ b itween the Water 
Compan) ami the Society U. M. as to the use of the water 
at the falls As might he supposed, where such valuable 
rights were involved, the controversy was severe, hut the 
difficulty was kept out of the coin Is by mutual concessions. 
The settlement at that time > ovcred S iveral very important 
points, am mg which was ma.iing the well known open- 
ings in the west side ol tin- Society's dam. which were to 

1 the use ol the Water Company, and which are still 

used. Until quite recently, when a lull agreement was 

made for the use >.i water, which ma) he named hereafter, 

w as .1 continuous disagreement over the use of water 

by the Company; the Society clai ning that water was 

beyond what t te agreement warranted. This is n iw 

probably settled for all time 

B) i s 7'> it had become very evident that the pumping 
power was inadequate lor the supply of the resen oirs, now 
two in number, to meet the increasing demand for water. 

A NIGH"! 1 . > BE REMEMBERED 

The principal desig 1 ol this sketch is to give a plain hut 
reasonably full history of the rise and prog ess of the 
Watei Company, ami therefore little else than a simple' 
statement ol the facts necessar) lor a proper understanding 
of it has been deemed necessary. A little departure from 



PA TERSON, ILL I T STRA TED. 77 



this method, may. however, be permitted, so faras togive an the mouth of the ppe, caught the first flow of water and 

account of an occurrence, which had in it the elements of scattered it on the bystanders. 

expectation, fear, joy, relief, etc.. combined A dim, misty tradition belongs to that night and the 

The occasion was the trial point of the successor failure two following days ; but as there is no record of it in the 

of these new pumps They were untried : large, they were books, it may be deemed as untrue It is that there was a 

called then ; made by new men so far as such construction very open house kept by ■•mine host" at the falls, and that 



went: and the results of the trial were of that painful inter- 



all were made welcome to eating and drinking as they 



est which can onlv be imagined when one can think of a pleased to come, and it is said too. that a good many 



came. 

LARGE PURCHASES. 



whole community being deprived ol water. Ot course 
every preparation was made to shorten the time which 
must elapse between the cutting oil the old system and the In 1S71 the purchase of the Oldham's property was made, 
connection with the new. taking in the mills, machinery and lake connected thcrc- 
The pumps and their connections were completed as far with. This was done mainly for the possibilities lot- 
as was possible before this severance was made. A Sun- storage of water in the lake and its surroundings, 
dav was chosen for tie time as the day when the least No efforts for utilizing this prop rty as to a water supply 
water was needed. The reservoirs were tilled to the have been made up to this time, and the onlv benefits to 
brim. Then all means lor pumpirg was cut oil', and the the Company have been from the buildings, the water 
citv hail onlv the supply already in the reservoirs to rely power and the control ot' the lake with the ice which is 
upon, with the narrow margin o the success ol the new formed thereon. 

pumps, and the time it might take to complete the con- The following year the Company made the largest ot 

[lection As may be surmissd, no time was lost. As many their purchases. This was the whole tract, comprising 

as eon!, I work in the narrow limits ot' the wheel pit, quite the falls property not already acquired, and taking in the 

below the surface of the surrounding water, weie laboring property where the "Totowa reservoir" now stands, and 

in the dim light of the oil lamps, but they worked with a all the lands between Totowa avenue and the river. This 

will. Instead of the work being completed by the close of purchase was $270,000. 

the day as was anticipated the hours of the early night In 1872 and [873 Totowa was supplied with water. 

•came, and then midnight came still finding some of the This could only be done by building a reservoir high 

work incomplete. Never d seemed were b .Its so hard to enough to serve this elevated part of the city. No less 

fasten : never screws so difficult to wot,. Meanwhile the than five miles of mains were required for this supply, 
rese voir had gone down at the close ot the dav, and the 

,..,.,. , , COMPLAINTS AND CRITICISMS. 

interested watchers welcomed the night, it it was only that 

the water would then cease being used. Still the water At times during these later years some complaints w ere 
weat down ; and so to speak, the fear went up as to what heard as to an inadequate suppbj of water. It was ques- 
woul I be done in case of hie for that put of the town tioned whether there was a proper head, or that the mains 
then without water. Midnight came and it could onlv lie were not too small. These comments were developed, or 
a few minutes before the last bolt woul I be in place The rather intensified by reason of a lack of water tor the 
anxious faces were pitiful to look at. The builders were steamers at two fires, which occurred, perhaps in 1874. 
there, cue worn but reliant. .Mr Rvle had left the ground, Fear was expressed bv both people and press that there 
s ire hearted that there was any failure to keep up the sup- was a lurking danger to the city by reason of some defic- 
ply : for the full moan looked down that night on a reser- iency growing out of either of the above named causes, or 
voir lined with mud; there seemed not a gallon left. Mr. perhaps from both combined. The subject was taken up 
Fonda the engineer, Mr. Brown the treasurer, Mr. J. C. by the Board of Trade, who through a committee consist- 
Ryle the secretary, Genera! Hoxsey, "Andrew" Ed- ing of Messrs. John Cooke, Benjamin Buckley and Wil- 
wards (still with the company) and '-Rome" (Romulus Hum G. Scott, made a careful investigation. Their report 
Viccland) pump tender, were with a few others the anx- stated "that there was no foundation for the unfavorable 
ions hut hopeful watchers. The word came that the water reports which had been circulated." that, "in their judg- 
could be turned on : the turbine wheel speed on its way. ment there was an abundant supply to keep our steamers 
and soon the great arms of the pumps begin to move in full operation during the existence of any tire.'" The 
slowly but steadily : but they told that the work was done. report goes on to say, "this opinion is based upon the fol- 
The watchers hastened to the reservoir to watch the com- lowing facts: that the two reservoirs which are in use. ex- 
ing stream. It flashed out in the moonlight, and a large eluding the new Totowa reservoir, contain ten million gal- 
part of Paterson was saved from a water famine by a Ions of water, while the pumping facilities are such that 
narrow margin indeed. The relief was intense, and one the supply in reservoirs can be replenished at the rate ol 
incident of the ■ let up" may be named. While waiting six millions per twenty-four hours;" that "the six steam 
for the water to be forced through the inlet pipe. General tire engines, when on lire duty, would be supplied for 
Hoxsey picked up a bucket which stood at hand, ran to nearly three days stead) pumping without an) water being 



78 



/ 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



supplied to the reservoirs, while the pumps are capable "1 
supplying the reservoirs with twice as much water per 
hour as all the steamers can use in thai time." The com- 
mittee also gave statements as in mains and gates as well 
as to the method in which it is made possible "to divert 
the water from the usual courses, and the whole force of 
tin' reservoir be given t<> one or more sections as may be 
required." It is worthy of record here, that at this time, 
attention was called by the Board of Trade to a still greater 
subject, namely the interest which the large cities in 
northern New [ersey should take in preserving and utiliz- 
ing the water supply for their own uses. The committee 
close their report with these words : "The subject of co- 
operating with Newark and fersey City, in regard to a 

future supply of water for said cities" 

is of •■such great importance and involving questions 
which require such careful investigation," that they ask to 
be relieved from considering it. 

We of this day, know tint these questions of "such great 
importance" were iml duly investigated by any of the in- 
terested patties, and they are now compelled to treat with 
Others for a supply : men of another state, who had the wit 
to conceive, the boldness to applv and the financial ability 
to take in hand SO great a work are at this time, engaged 
in an enterprise which once could only he undertaken by a 
nation. 

Notwithstanding the favorable report made by the Board 
ol Trade, the Company proceeded to increase the pump- 
ing power, and placed a new pump in the Valley of the 
Rocks with necessary dam and wheel. This was an 
attempt to utilize the power which had already been used 
at the tails. This again going hack to the old system of 
forcing the water from the lower basin to the reservoirs 
above, was so manifestly a waste of power, that it was 
soon abandoned tor the better plan of using coal for 
power, lather than using water at so great a disadvantage. 

FKARS "l V WATER FAMINE 

The summer of 1S75 was an extraordinarily dry one. 
This was the year when several of the large cities nearly 

prohibited the use of water, except tor the most necessary 
purposes. The sprinkling of streets, the washing of 
wagons, the use of fountains and garden hose, with some 

Other uses of water were r. Stricted or prohibited. The 

Passaic Water Company were not compelled to resort to 
these measures, but they did doubtless trespass considera- 
bly upon the kindly feeling ol' tin- S. I'. M. and probably 
overstepped the rights which had been accorded to the 
Company. At atl) rate, such a claim was made, and was 
finally liquidated at a heavy cost. Still the people of the 
city hail the water, and that w is satisfactory to them, who- 
ever might sutler in purse for it. The year was a dry 
one as has been said. Some entertained the fear that the 
Passaic rivet was gradually falling away, and tint the fol- 
lowing year or years would be more trying than the pres- 
ent. 



I KAN KLIN LAKE. 

This apprehension of a water famine, (possibly there 
w eie no other reasons) induced the then managing directors 
of the Company to look to the waters of Franklin Lake 
as a source of supply. A committee was appointed to in- 
vestigate the subject. This committee made so lav orablc a 
report, that the Company agreed to buy from the "owners 
of Franklin Lake, and from the Franklin Lake Company" 

••all their rights and franchises." At the lime this purchase 
was made there were also purchased all the rights ol' 
power and privileges of flooding lands on the river im- 
mediately below the Great balls. Whatever maybe the 

ultimate value of these costly grants and purchases, they 
have thus far been of no benefit to the Company; lor in 

all the varied schemes for securing larger supplies ol" 
water, Franklin Lake has borne no part. Indeed so little 
account was made of these rights, to meet the ever grow- 
ing demand for more water, that at a meeting ol' directors 
held Sept. 28, 1876, the following action was taken : 
WHEREAS, in consequence of the unprecedented drouth 
during the past summer the Water Company has suf- 
fered much inconvenience from the short supplv ol' 
water: and for the better providing of an ample supply 
in the future, and as a guarantee of a perfect and ample 
supplv, on motion of W. Ryle seconded bv Peter Rvle, 
therefore be it 
Resolved, That the Company purchase a steam pump 

and boilers to be used as an auxiliary to their present 
pumps and machinery at the Passaic Palls, and that the 
steam pump shall not be less in capacity than one and a 
half million gallons in twenty-four hours; and that exca- 
vations he made at once for the placing of the steam pump 
and boilers, and that the same be enclosed in a suitable 
building; and that the President be authorized and is 
hereby empowered to make such purchases and improve- 
ments. 

At this same meeting Mr. Edward Osborn was elected 
a director in place of Genera] Hoxsey who had retired. 

In pursuance ol' the decision for obtaining additional 
[lower at the Palls Mr. lames BeggS was called in to 
propose plans and specifications. This did not occur un- 
til late in the autumn of [877. The plans provided for a 

steam pump which would deliver 3,000,000 gallons every 
twenty-four hours. It is sufficient to sav here that at a 
laKge expense the new power was put in and the building 

erected ovei it under the superintendence of Mr. Beggs, 
and for all the vears since has proved an efficient aux- 
iliary whenever it has been needed. 

A CHANG] I X M V X vol. M IX I . 

In April 1S77 a very radical change was made in the 
management of the Company. The seats of all the direc- 
tors except thai of Mr. Ryle the president were vacated: 
their places wile taken bv men who had either as stock- 
holders or bondholders acquired a large interest in the 
L'ompauv. These new nun were the late William Ryle, 
who had in the early history of the Company been a di- 
rector and officer ; Mr. William A. I bidden, ol' I bidden & 
Co., N. Y.. Mr. William II. Fogg, of the China and Ja- 
pan Trading Co., also of N. Y. Hon. Seth Low was also. 



PA TERSON, ILL I 'STRA TED. 



79 



elected, but resigned before taking his seat in the Board. 
His place was filled by the election of the late John Shaw. 
Mr. Brown also resumed his seat in the Board, which he 
had some time before vacated. This change in the man- 
agement was made necessary by reason of the financial 
embarrassments which the Company had gotten into by a 
too free use of its money and credit. The new Board 
proceeded at once to take measures for restoring the credit 
of the Company, and rescue it from the peril which faulty 
management had produced. It is not necessary to dwell 
in detail on this part of the history of the Company. It 
may almost go without saying that a Board of Directors 
such as were then in office, would be quite likely to bring 
order and success to a financial condition, when what was 
needed was only a right use of the great resources of the 
Company. This history would be quite imperfect did it 
fail to record that in this trying time for the Company, the 
late William Rylc, who as before named, came again into 
the direction, proved himself a tower of strength. His 
clear head and persistent efforts were of the most valued 
kind. He used his position as a director, as a large credi- 
tor of the Company, as intimately connected in business 
relations with other large creditors, and his own means as 
well in this effort to make the restoration of the credit of 
the Company a success. He had able helpers certainly in 
some of the other directors, and the First National Hank 
gave important aid to the efforts of the management. Still 
a true statement calls for a record that a large measure of 
the praise for the rescue of the Company from imminent 
peril, is due to the late William Ryle. This statement is 
permitted now that he has (with so many of those who 
were associated with him in this transaction) passed into 
the land where praises and blame are alike unheeded. 
STILL M« IRE WATER. 

The history of the Water Company, perhaps of all water 
works, private or public, shows a continuous demand tor 
an additional supply of water. Hence, notwithstanding 
the additional power named above, only a few years inter- 
vened before the necessity for more water seemed as great 
as before. Indeed so great was the apparent need tor a 
more plentiful supply that the Board of Trade again took 
the subject up and appointed a committee to make a care- 
ful investigation as to the efficiency of the Company in 
fully supplying the city. This committee consisting of 
Messrs. William Strange, Watts Cooke, William G. Scott 
and II. V. Butler, made a very full and elaborate report 
under date Dec. 2S, 1SS0. This report maybe found in 
the published records of the Board of Trade for [SSo— I, 
and showed fully the condition of the Company, with its 
facilities for supplying the city. Their recommendations 
were of an important character, and were accompanied 
with the statement that some of the former promises made 
by the Company bad not been fully carried out. A sup- 
plemental report made at the beginning of the next year, 
stated that the Water Company were aware of the grow- 
ing needs of the city, that they had not been unmindful of 
the requirements, that a good deal had been done, but that 



there had been an unlooked for increase in the consump- 
tion of water and that it was "admitted that more strenu- 
ous measures were now needed to insure the city against 
the possibility of a scarcity of supply in the future." The 
result of these inquiries and reports together with the 
knowledge on the part of the Company that the additions 
were required prompted immediate action, and the Com- 
pany at once contracted with W. <>. & J. Watson for a 
duplicate set of horizontal pumps the same as were al- 
ready used. These were placed without loss of time. 
About this time the Company purchased and placed at the 
pumping works the large steam engine which had for a 
long time been King unused at the Arkwright Mill, now 
1 lohcrtv ee Wadsworth's. At this time was also built the 
high chimney at the pumping work-,. 

These improvements were made after plans of Mr. James 
Beggs. 

THE STONY ROAD RESERVOIR. 

In the early part of 1SS4, the purchase was made of the 
property now known as the Stony Road reservoir. The 
directors of the Company had cast longing looks upon this 
property for many years. This site and the high lands 
then belonging to the late Mr. Ileins, now part of the 
Laurel Grove Cemetery, were both selected as admirable 
sites for what was needed. The last named could have 
been obtained with little trouble, and was in many re- 
spects very suitable, but the other was so far superior in 
every respect, except that of size, that the Company hesi- 
tated to take anything but the best, and determined to bide 
their time in hopes that it might be purchasable. This oc- 
curred as before named, in the spring of 1SS4. Not for a 
year after this purchase was any work done in the con- 
struction of the reservoir. During the following year 
however the work of construction was put under way and 
was completed in the most perfect manner as is so well 
known to those who are experts in such works. To Mi. 
William Ryle the superintendent, and Mr. T. V. Hoxse) 
the contractor, great credit is due for the manner in which 
this noble work was executed. 

A CHANGE hi OWNERSHIP. 

In the year [887 a great change took place in the own- 
ership of the Water Company. Some change was also 
made, though not quite so radical, in the management of 
its affairs. The large money interests which had so long 
been held by Mr. John Ryle and to a lesser extent by the 
directors, resident in New York, had been parted with, 
with the consequent result of their places in the Board of 
Directors being made vacant. Messrs. (Janet A. Hobart. 
Edward T. Bell, T. F. Hoxsey and William Ryle were 
elected in their places. Mr. John Ryle retained his place 
as president. These gentlemen still constitute the Board, 
with the exception that the death of Mr. Ryle. the presi- 
dent, made a vacancy in the Board which had not been 
Idled and compelled the election of a new president. 

This change in the ownership of the Company brought 
into its interest men of large minds and large means. 



So 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRAT). D. 



I'k. , had already, as has been before named, grasped the 
greal idea of utilizing the waters of the Passaic river and 
its tributaries with the almosl limitless possibilities for the 
storage of water for the cities of Northern New Jersey. 
Later on than the change thus referred to, the general 
public has through the newspaper press become aware <>t 
the purposes of this combination. Ii is no less, so the 
statements are, than thai through the various corporations 
which arc more or less under their control, i<> supply not 
only the cities of Northern New Jersey, "but for furnish- 
in,; New York City and Brooklyn, when their demands 
shall exceed the quantity obtainable from their present 
sources." It is not a part of the history of the Water 
Company to make further references to this great enter- 
prise; besides it is already published inure full} than it 
can be here. It is sufficient to say, thai the Passaic Water 
Company have made large and valuable contracts with the 
corporations controlling the waters of the Passaic, which 
give a guarantee tin' the future supply for many years to 
come, not only to this city, but to Passaic and Clifton like- 
wise. These great advantages, were only obtainable at 
large cost, but all the same the benefit comes to the people, 
and generations to come will enjoy the great benefits, 
when the schemers and workers are quite fogotten. 

i I l \ WO COMPANY. 

Several times during the history of the Company pro- 
positions have been made looking to the acquirement ol 
the works by the city. At times, there seemed to lie a 
near consummation of it: but some opposition was devel- 
oped that prevented ii. ((pinion-- have always varied as 
to the policy ol' the city becoming the owner ol' the w orks, 
and when the niatlerwa- referred to the people themselves, 
as was tin- case on more than one occasion, the decision 
was against the acquisition. It is probable therefore, that 
the presenl condition of tilings will continue, and that the 

city of Paterson and the adjacent city of Passaic wiil be 
supplied with water by the Passaic Water Company. 

It is a matter of congratulation to all concerned, that 
there lias been so good an understanding, so much ol mu- 
tual forbearance and so little of irritation as then 
been, between the two corporations m, prominent, and so 
intimate! with the welfare of the city, as are 

the city and the Company. Of course it is understood 

that their interests are mutual, but still, that does not 

always insure the absence of unpleasant attrition between 
large corporations. The relationship between the two are 
quite well underst lod, but it may not be out of place t< i say 
hen-, to the general reader, that the city is a large custo 

to the Company, paying for lire protection and sanitary 

purposes, while the Company makes large returns in taxes 
paid, and the willing devotement to the people of the city 
for their use and pleasure, more than twenty-five act 

park, river and Palls. This superb spot has no parallel 
in the State and has been made free to all. 

i c . \ i ii s I O N . 

Little remains u, be said. In this sketch there has keen 



a studious avoidance where it was possible, of any refer- 
ence to i lie labors of those si ill living, ami now connected 
with the Company. A slight departure may he permitted 

perhaps, so lar as to name al least. Mr. William K\lc. the 

presenl superintendent. Much of the present efficiency of 

the present w oiks, and ne ai 1\ all of I he watchful care dur- 
ing the later years, over the reservoirs, pipes, gates, 
engines, hydrants and the score of other things pertaining 
to the water supply of a city, may be credited to him. He 
has had the care growing oul of the daily needs of the 
Company's work, and at midnight as well as at midday 
is w on I to be summoned to meet the requirements of some 
unexpected and untoward mishap. This little allusion to 
him will not perhaps he gratifying to his modest estimate 

of himself, hut he will first see it here, only with the gen- 
eral reader, and will have to endorse it as best he may. 

I\ M EMI mi \M. 

The late President of the Company, Mr. John k\lc. 
was it is well understood intimately connected with it. 
from the very first, hut not for that alone, kui because ol 
his equally well known work in this city as a leader ol 
men, a place is given here, to make a more enduring rec- 
ord, of tile resolutions placed on the minutes of the Com- 
pany on the occasion of his death. 

Extkai is pjsom Minutes, Nov. 14th, 1887. 

"Mr. Hobart then stated that tin- object of the mei ting was that as 
the Hon. John Kyle, th< President of the Company, had lately died in 
Ifingland, leaving not only a vacancy in tin- Board of Directors, but in 
the office .il' tin' President of the Company, it was fitting that 
proper memorial or resolution !»■ passed by this Board, expressive of 
tin a loss. And upon motion of .Mr. Hobart, seconded by Mr. Bell, it 
was unanimously resolved that a committee of two ]k rsous consisting of 
John -I. Brown ami Edward T. Bell, be appointed to prepare ami sub- 
mit to the next meeting "I tin- Board, suitable resolutions, i 
the sense of the Board of Dii ctors at tin- loss this Company has 
tained." 

From Mini tj s. Nov. Ism, iss7. 

".Mr. J i 'In i .1. Brown then proposed the follov lution : 

Winia vs. the painful intelligence ha- reached as "1' the unexpected 
di uh of our esteemed Associate Director ami President, John Ryle, 
ai. "i near lu- Conner home in England, it is eminently fitting thai a 
tribute of lespect should !"■ paid i i his m oiory by those with whom 
hr bus so long associated, ami by whom bis character and virtues arc 

held in Im 

liesoloed. That in the death of -1111111 Ryle this Oompauj ha- linn 
called upon to sustain the loss of one wl f the ( impauy 

from its formation, now thirty-three years since, ami its President for 
many years last pasl ha- ever shown an interest and devotion in its 
h could ul a: 1 !;. 1 ,1 1\ ami constant de\i to m 1 1 

its wi II 

/,'..v Bed, L'hat the Board of Di] ctors as individuals and as a bndy, 
tender their sincere sympathy t 1 Ins family, confident thai fchej will 
iiml tin' consolation which max w lb obtained ii lo ii back over 
a life s 1 worthily 

liesvlccd, thai ing preamble ami resolutions be recorded 

in the minutes of the Board of Directors; a copy of the si 1 bi traus- 

nritted to his family, and that they be published in the 1 i 1 ol thi 

1 ty. 

I']i"ii the unanimous adoption of the above, Mr. Hill then moved 
that iln Directors ol tins Company attend the funeral of their lad' 
I'ri ident as a body, which was also adopted." 



PA PERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



8 I 



THE END. 

Except for a few statistical statements this history 
ends here. Not so, however, the work of the Company. 
This must go <m ; for every extension of the city brings 
other requirements. These have hitherto been fairly, per- 
haps not always quite in time, but still fairly met. The 
present managers desire to keep abreast with all demands 
made upon them as far as possible. As an illustration, it 
may be stated that the costs of last year's extensions alone 
amounted to $39,106.00. 

As may be supposed, the interests of the Company now 
require much supervision. The demands upon it are ever 
increasing. Its revenues and disbursements are sec- 
ond only to that of the city itself. It is quite well under- 
stood that the interests of the Company, unlike that of 
main corporations, are two sided, for the large obligation 
of supplying a people with water, both plenty and pure, is 
an ever present responsibility. 



The following are some of the statistics of the Company : 



Year. 


Miles 
of Mains. 


Hydrants 




Water 
Takers. 


Revenue. 


18f0 
1865 

1870 
1-7.", 
isso 
1885 
1889 


14 

■ir, 
30 
35 
40 
45 
55 


100 
100 

320 
41 ill 
475 
590 
790 


4110 

660 

1.470 

2,160 

2,630 

6,275 


S'.l. Hill III! 

13,270 (0 

45 319 HO 

- , !90 no 

97.61 in. 

140,000 on 

197 nun 00 


Capacity of Reservoirs. 


PUMPING PoWEIi. 


No. 1. Lower, 8 million trails. 
" 2, Middle, 12 
" 3, Totowa, 2 
" 4. Stony R'd, 25 


Steam Pump, 4 mill, galls. 
Horizontal, St'm Eng., 8 
Water Wh'l, 6 




OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, 1S90. 



Garret A. IIobart, President. .Tons J. Brown, Treasurer. 

John C. Kyle. Secretary. William Kyle. Superintendent. 

Edward T. Bell. T. F. Hoxsey, One Vacancy. 



Horse Railroad Facilities. 



It is extremely doubtful whether there is a city in the 
country in which more money has been spent on horse 
railroads than in Paterson. Horse railroads were built 
long before the erection of house- in various parts of the 
citv justified any such expenditure of money. The princi- 
pal object was in no case the accommodation of die people 
who had settled in Paterson but the development of vari- 
ous portions of the city and the accommodation of the peo- 
ple who would in the future settle there. There was no 
doubt as to the future of the city; there was no doubt as to 
the continued increase of population; there was no doubt 
that sometime in the future horse railroad- would be a 
paving investment, but it took years to bring about the de- 
sired result. The histories of the horse railroad compan- 
ies in Paterson are alike : heavy investments with limited 
capital, the issue of bonds, running the road for years at a 
loss and final failure tell the story of all. Some years ago 
Paterson had a number of horse railroads; now they have 
all been consolidated and are being run by one company; 
the population to make horse railroad- pay has come and 
to-day horse railroad stock is considered a safe and desira- 
ble investment. 



In [S6S the Paterson ,V: Passaic Horse Railroad Com- 
pany was chartered and tracks were laid from the Erie 
depot to Cedar Lawn cemetery, the capitalists interested 
in the new project beingalso interested in the development 
of Cedar Lawn and vicinity. 

The late Franklin C. Beckwith built the road for the 
company of which he wasalso the president. The first spike 
was driven by Air. John L Brown, then mayor of the city ; 
the second by Mr. Beckwith and the third by Mr. James 
(.'looks, who bad been instrumental in securing the charter 
and organizing the company. Owing to an inadequate 
capital the company issued bond-; the road was run at a 
loss for main" years ; no dividends were ever paid and the 
company succumbed in the panic of 1873. AH who had 
invested lost their stock and even the second mortgage 
bonds were wiped out. Before tin- took place, however, 
the company hail built a line through Willi-- street and 
Vreeland avenue to the cemeterj ; subsequently the Mar- 
ket street line was abandoned, and the tracks taken up. 
leaving Market street one of the finest drives in or about 
the city. In 1875 a line was built to Lake View through 
Market street and Trenton avenue hut this wa- shorth 



82 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRAT1 /'. 



terwards abandoned and the tracks taken up. Subse- 
quently the compan) buill a line on Main street, from 
Broadwa) to Barclay street. In [876 the compan) was 
reorganized under the name of the Paterson .V Passaic 
Raili ikhI Compan) . 

The Paterson & Little Falls Horse Railroad Company 
constructed a line about 1870 from Main street and Broad- 
way, along Broadwa) to the depot of the Midland railroad 
company : the gauge was different from the gauge oi the 
roads, despite the earnesl endeavors of Mr. John J. 
Brown to have a uniform gauge throughout the city. In 
1875 the company buill a line to Riverside anil subse- 
quently one to Totowa. The history of the company is 
the same as that of tin- Paterson & Passaic compan) : it 
went down in tin- crash of [873 and was subsequentl) re- 
organized under tlu- name ofthe Paterson C'ii\ Railwa) 
(. lompan) . 

The charter of the Paterson & Haledon Horse Railroad 
Company was obtained in [868 and some time afterwards 
tracks were laid from Main sheet and Broadway to Hale- 
don. The stock ofthe company was owned principally 
by the Passaic Water Compan) ; subsequently it passed 
into the possession of General T. I). Hoxsey and a lew 
friends and some years later was the individual property 

of Mr. Garret A. Hobart, who disposed of it to the Pater- 
son City Railroad Company which operated the Haledon 

line tor some \ ears. 

The consolidation of all the horse railroad companies 
was affected on Max 1. [888, the new company taking the 



title ofthe Paterson Railwa) Company and consisting 

principalis of the Stockholders in the old companies. The 
me ofthe Main and Willis street lines was changed to 
that ol the Broadwa} and Riverside lines and a large num- 
ber of improvements were made. The rule which had 
hitherto obtained in the management ofthe horse railroad 
1 ompanies was reversed and the compan) waited until the 
population demanded horse railroad facilities. The corn- 
pan) built the line running thi Beech and Cla) 
streets, connecting People's Park with the centre ol' the 
city : it extended the Main street line a considerable dis- 
tance further south ; it extended the l!ioadwa\ line Iodic 

Eastside Park and laid a large number of new steel rails 
and sw itches. It purchased a large piece of property in 
Broadwa) where commodious stables were erected and 
spent a large amount of money in new rolling stock ami 
equipment. The increased facilities resulted in better 
patronage on the pan ofthe public and at the present da) 
a large number ol' extensive improvements are contem- 
plated. 

The compan) has in active operation nearly fifteen 
mill's ot road, not including switches and double tracks. 
On the Main street line cars are run ever) six minutes, on 
the Haledon. Totowa and Beech and Clay street lines 
every half hour and on the rest ofthe lines every fifteen 
minute-. 

The officers ofthe company are : — ('•. A. Hobart, presi- 
dent; Ilelmas Romanic, vice president; A. A. Wilcox, 
secretary; John J. Brown, treasurer; Helmas Romaine, 
manager; Matthias Pettigrew, superintendent. 



^^£ 




VZ<Zre< 



The Public Schools of Paterson. 



By ORESTES M. BRANDS, Superintendent of Public Instruction of Paterson. 



.,'';. r^LTIK >rdll it is not the purpose of this sketch of 
'''isJrVi- 1 the free public schools of Paterson to present their 

M$P ,. history in detail, it will not be inappropriate to 
preface a description of their present by brief allusion to 
their past — their establishment and development. 

"Until 1827, there was no free public school in Paterson or iu the 
present limits of Passaic county. The Legislature had enacted a law in 
1820 looking toward the establishment "f free popular education, but 
few communities availed themselves of its provisions for many years. 
In some cases township trustees selected teachers for what were called 
the public schools, ami a small tax was raised to help defray the expen- 
ses, but the ] arents paid the teacher a certain sum for each chilli's tui- 
tion ; the children of indigent families were of course taught free, if 
they were willing to In- distinctively known as -poor children,' as few i t 
them were. 

"A number of the public-spirited citizens of Paterson. being of the 
opinion that the town ought to support a free school, held a meeting on 
Saturday, April 7, 1827, and appointed Marks W. Collett, Dr. James 
Warren, and Abraham Godwin, Jr., a committee to draw up a memo- 
rial to be presented at the town meeting the next Monday, recommend- 
ing the raising by tax of $400 for school purposes in Acquackanonk 
township, 'to be expended by the Town Committee, agreeable tothe act 
of 1820, in the education of poor children of the township. ' ' Iu 

June the Towu Committee met and allotted ^'iTo to Paterson and $125 to 
the rest of the township, a committee of prominent citizens 1>. ling ap- 
pointed 'to take charge and select such children whose parents were not 
able to pay for their education ' * .' Rev. Mr. Gibson, a gradu- 

ate of Washington College, Perm., was engaged as a teacher at $>75 per 
quarter, he to find his own fuel. During the year, 134 scholars were 
enrolled, 70 or 80 of whom began with the alphabet The school was 
visited at least once a week by some member of the committi 

Such, then, was the first free public school of Paterson. its 
object being mainly charitable in that it was established 
for the special benefit of those who were unable to pa\ for 
the education of their children. To-day what a chorus of 
resentment would arise from the hundreds oi class rooms of 
the schools of our large city, and from the homes ^\ the 
thousands of children who are being educated in these 
schools, if some one were so rash or ill-informed as to in- 
timate that public education is a form of public charit) ! 

Prom one little school established through charitable 
motives and consisting of a few score children, the major- 

•••Hlstorical Slcetcn of Schawls in Paterson," by William Nelson, (1877). 



it\ of whom were, learning the alphabet, has sprung the 
well-organized and efficient public school s\ s t r ui of which 
the people of Paterson have good reason to feel proud. 
Pitteen large, well-equipped, brick buildings, a corps of 
twi i hundred and twenty trained teachers, and an enrollment 
of fifteen thousand pupils during a year have succeeded the 
little rented room, its single teacher, and its handful of 
pupiK distinctively known as "poor children." To-day 
these are the schools of the people, and in them the child- 
ren of the rich and of the poor meet as equals and receive 
instruction which, though absolutely free, has long since 
ceased to lie regarded as charitable. 

Xot only are the schools free as regards tuition, but also 
in all school-supplies needed by the pupils. The best 
school text-books in all tiie various subjects covered 1>\ the 
courses of instruction, from the lowest to the highest de- 
partment, and even the pencils, pens, paper, and writing- 

1 ks, are freely and abundantly supplied by means of 

funds annually appropriated for the purpose by the Board 
of Education. Besides the outfit required by the individ- 
ual pupils, the schools are well supplied with maps. 
globes, charts, and other apparatus essential to in- 
struction. The advantages of a uniformity of text-books 
and of their being supplied at public expense are so evi- 
dent as to need no exploiting here, and in this particular 
the school system of" Paterson stands m the front rank. — 
free text-books not being supplied in all cities, by any 
means. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The public school system of the City oi Paterson, under 
the jurisdiction of the Board of Education comprises Pri- 
mary, Grammar, High, and Normal schools. Kindergar- 
ten classes are attached to the Primary Department of the 

schools, and a Manual Training shop provides accommo- 
dation for the instruction in wood-working, etc.. of the 
bovs of the High school and of the higher grades of the 
Grammar schools. The manual training feature finds fur- 
ther embodiment in the study of form and drawing in all the 
grades of the schools, and in instruction in plain sewing, &c, 



' 1 



PATERSON, 1LI.VS1 RATED. 



for the girls, besides such methods of instruction as in any 
particular train the senses or the hand to execute the 
sts of the mind in expression or delineation. 

COURSES Ol - II \w . 

The course of studs in the Primary schools covers a 
period of five years, thai of the Grammar schools four 
years, of the High school three years, and of the Normal 
s( hi '"l one \ ear. 

In the Primary and Grammar schools the course of in- 
struction embraces reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, 
grammar, geography, U. S. history, and civil government, 
physiology and hygiene, and the stud} of form and draw- 
ing. Promotions from grade to grade in the Primary 
schools are made either whenever the progress of pupils 
warrants, or at the cud of the school year as a result of an- 
nual examination, the latter being the method which deter- 
mines promotions in the Grammar schools, graduation 
from them and promotion to the High school, promotion 
in the latter and graduation therefrom. 

HIGH S( IK ml.. 

Hie High school embraces two courses, a general 
course ol three years covering subjects in language, litera- 
ture, science, mathematics, and in lustrial drawing, and a 
commercial course of two years covering business law, 
commercial arithmetic and bookkeeping. 

Any pupil holding a certificate of graduation from a 
Grammar school, or an\ person who shall pass an examin- 
ation equivalent to that to which graduates of the Gram- 
mar - ho ils are subjected is entitled to enter the Ilitedi 
scho d and may pursue either of its courses. It is inten led 
that the near future shall witness a special eftbrl to make 
the commercial course of the High school so thorough and 
desirable as to induce many of both sexes to continue in 
attendance and reap its advantages instead of terminating 
their school career on graduation from the Grammar 

I ds. 

Instruction in the High school is imparted 1>\ the Prin- 
cipal and a corps of eight assistants, to each of whom are 
assigned at least two subjects or stu lies, the pupils chang- 
ing fr nil one teacher and room to others to receive in- 
struction. By this method instructors become experts in 
pies -ir special subjects, and the students receive 

the benefits of the increased skill and knowledge of teach- 
ers who teach subjects and n >t grades. 

PRIM \m AMI GR \\l M \K si m i il s. 

As the great majority ofthe pupils leave school at the 

lusionofthe Primary course, or at the- latest during 

Grammar com i ial end ivor is made to give the 

instruction in these s ho ils the m >sl practical direction 
possibl -. and hence the course embraces only those studies 
which ii ii isl essential, and thorough w irk is required. 

\' IR MAI s, in II I] . 

A Normal school for the education and training of 
teachers is maintains 1 by th Boat 1 of Education and cov- 
ers one year's course of stu ly and practice. Pupils in this 



school which is at present located in the High school 
building, receive instruction in the history, principles and 

methods of education, mental and moral philosophy and 

scl 1 government. The students have practice under 

competent supervision. This school is under the immedi- 
ate direction of the Principal ofthe High school, and his 
efforts are seconded by an aide training teacher. 

Any graduate of the High school may be admitted to the 
Normal school: other applicants are admitted upon pass- 
ing an examination equivalent to that taken by graduates 
of the High school. At the end of the school year the stu- 
dents are subjected to a thorough examination by the 
Board of Examiners, on successfully passing which they 
are awarded diplomas of graduation an 1 are granted "pri- 
mary certificates" as teachers. 

It will be seen from the forgoing that wise provision is 
made for the pedagogic instruction and training yearly of 

a corps of well educated \ oung w omen for the purpose of 
taking the places made vacant by the resignation of others 
or to meet the requirements ofthe constanl growth of the 
school system. These young teachers are firsl appointed 
temporarily, on probation ; if successful, they recen e the re- 
commendation ofthe Principals of the schools t > which 
they have Keen temporarily assigned, and upon approval 
by the Superintendent, th | are regularly appointed as 
teachers. Although one year's professional training is scarce- 
ly sufficient to fit all students theoretically for the responsible 
an I arduous duty of teaching, yet our people are to be 
mgratulated upon ha\ ing e\ en one year's stu ly and prac- 
tice ofthe art of teaching interposed as a condition to the 
appointment of any person as a teacher of their children. 
In this respeel Paters in stan Is in the front rank ofthe city 
school systems of our country. It is true that not every 
young person who aspires to become a teacher, and takes 
a course of instruction with that en 1 in view, is endowed 
h\ nature with qualitities which best adapt her to till 
acceptably the teacher's office; but it is equally true that 
in supply of so-called teachers would be much greater, 
and vastly inferior in quality, in the absence of Normal 
[Yarning schools. 

Other things being equal the skill and general efficiency 
ofthe young teacher trained in the philosophy of edu- 
cation an I methods of instruction and the whole supple- 
mented by frequenl advice, suggestion and discussion rela- 
tive to school management, exceeds immeasurably that of 
one who has not been thus trained. A city which 
makes provision for recruiting the ranks of its tea 
fori : through the instrumentality of Normal instruction of 
thos, to be enrolled in that cups, offers inducements 
which are always properly considered and fully appreci- 
ated by paren s who w mid have the education of their 
children intelligently conducted. 

MANl \i n:\i\i NG. 

Besides the occupations an 1 methods ofthe regular class 
rooms of the schools, our training shop is the scene of busy, 
daily work an 1 instruction. Here on any school day may 
be seen classes of boys from the Higrh school and (.ram- 



PA TERSON, IL L I r STRA TED. 



mar schools distributed at the work-benches preparing 
"working drawings" from which to construct the joints, 
mortices, tenons, etc., pertaining to the special exercise in 
hand, and then proceeding to the use of the various tools 
required in its performance. The instruction and practice 
proceeds from lessons in the use of the tools and the sim- 
plest lessons in sawing and planing of material to the con- 
struction and fitting of joints, etc., common in carpentry 
and joinery, and from lesson to lesson the pupils advance 
to more complex work and to new fields for the exercise 
of thought and acquired skill. Exactness of drawing and 
measurement, and care in the performance of the work, 
are seen to be so necessary to the prevention of error and 
consequent botchery, that pupils become impressed with 
the importance of close, careful calculation and concentra- 
ted attention, and thus the faculties are cultivated. All 
lack of care, of reflection, bears its legitimate fruit, and the 
incautious pupil has in the spoiled, misshapen material 
before him an evidence that success and perfection are to 
be found only in. and as a result of care and thought, and 
t'lat lacking these his attempts have naturally ended in 
failure. He has received, and. in all probability, been 
benefited by a lesson in caution and painstaking, and re- 
flection supplements the whole in future endeavors. It is 
not difficult to illustrate how. by context, such a pupil 
bee i;nes a more thoughtful, painstaking student of arith- 
metic, of geometry, of language, of geography, etc., and 
that not only his hand, but his judgment as well, is being 
trained, educated. Again, while the learning of a trade i- 
not the objective point in this feature of manual training, 
opportunity is '_dvcn students an 1 their parents to discover 
the genius, or lack of it, exhibited by contact with me- 
chanical employment. If it be discovered that students 
have taste for handicraft, and native facility in the manipu- 
lation of tools and materials, these mav serve as a guide to 
the choice of occupation to be adopted on leaving schools. 
It" indeed the youth possesses mechanical genius, it will be 
far better that he become an expert mechanic or artizan — 
that he follow the occupation for which he has natural 
aptitude and which through training will achieve success 
in life — than that he become what the ordinary tendency 
of the education of the schools has heretofore induced, i. e., 
.a fourth-rate physician, clergyman, lawyer, or teacher. 



KINDERG VK I i:\. 



The Kindergarten is one of the most striking illustrations 
of the effect produced bv the process of adapting the instruc- 
tion, in its manner and matter, to the young child's nature 
and capacity . Although it has not been found entirely prac- 
ticable toado,>t fully and exclusively the Kindergarten meth- 
ods in the lowest grades of our schools, vet such a modifi- 
cation o( these methods have been so introduced as to 
greatly ameliorate the condition of the youngest pupils 
while in the class rooms. The little ones are provided 
with very frequent changes of employment for head and 
hand, and thus even among the youngest pupils we have a 
genuine incorporation of manual training adapted to their 
mental and physical wants — an alteration of apparent 
play and more abstruse occupation, all having an objective 
point and being under the enlightened control of the 
teacher, who merely causes that control to be so far felt as 
to prevent undue freedom of action. The ordinary lowesl 
grade primary class is decidedly objectionable, because it 
assumes that very young children are capable of remaining 
employed upon "studies" exclusively, and compels them 
to remain confined to these twice as long as they should 
be. if wise regard for their mental and physical well-being 
were the standard of estimate. Happily for the little one-, 
the adoption of Kindergarten methods in the schools of 
1'ateis ui has done much to rationalize objectionable condi- 
tions, and in this we claim favorable consideration in esti- 
mating the value of our local school system. 

Steadily, from year to year, our system of schools has 
improved. Modern and philosophic methods in manage- 
ment, in teaching, in disciplining and controlling pupils, 
are continuing to replace those of a period during which 
all these were entrusted to those vv hose chief qualification 
was availability. But we recognize that this manifest im- 
provement, this almost revolution, has not been the work 
of an individual in am of its phases of progress. Main 
earnest and intelligent workers have, from time to time, 
placed their shoulders to the wheel, and the result of their 
efforts, each supplementing that of the others, ha- been to 
give to our large and rapidlv growing city a school system 
of which no Patersonian need feel ashamed, though still 
seeking lor its further improvement. 




Paterson Business College. 



s 




?NE of the most important establishments in 

the city, and one contributing materially to the 

success of merchants, manufacturers and oth- 

" -'*V'£«V.'* ers, is the educational institution in charge 

ft ' ^fTT*' 

•5s,» ! Mte ! of Mr. Geo. W. Latimer. The education 
^S^L of business men is especially demanded in 
, : : this countiy. All the powers and attain- 
ments and manhood ol the American busi- 
ness man are laid under contribution in every direction, 
supervision ol his business requires him to employ 
bookkeepers and clerks, to whom are relegated the 
minor details; but these very detail- are of supreme impor- 
tance to the merchant or manufacturer and unless he has a 
thorough business education himself he is frequently to a 
greater or less degree dependent on his clerks. The bene- 
fits of a good business training are consequently apparent 
to all. The work of a business college i- supplementary 
to all other school-, of whatever kind. It is broadly and 
emphatically a professional school and although the techni- 
cally educated business man is not recognized as belonging 
to the learned professions, it is not necessarily because he 
is nol learned. The time to acquire a knowledge of busi- 
ness forms and customs i- before entering the counting 
room, a- the attention of those in charge is taken up by 
more important matters which cannot be laid aside ti 1 the 
rudiments of an entry oi the forms oi a bill or receipt are 
explained. Business has been brought down to an actual 
science and must be treated according to sc entific princi- 
ples which can hardly be learned during the hurry and bus- 
tle of mercantile life 

Imbued with the idea that Paterson needed such a school 
Mr. Latimer in [876 established the Business College. 
Mr. Latimer had been engaged in teaching for man} years 
and hi- services a- an expert accountant had been in greal 
demand. He was certainly well qualified for the under- 
taking and that he has succeeded is amply evidenced by 
tin- progress made since tin- establishment of the coll 
that his methods were appreciated is -hown by the fact 
that student- from considerable distances are attending his 
institution; the superior excellence ol his training is testi- 
fied to b\ the fact that he has met with no rivals in the 
field which lie ha- so abb and successfully occupied. 



The aim of hi- school i- to qualify those who come from 
private and public school- with no idea of business to do 

business intelligently either for themselves or tor others. 
And even those who have had some experience in business 
may with advantage take a commercial course specially 
adapted to their circumstances. Besides this the needs of 
another class are supplied; young men who through 
neglect or want of early opportunities require instruction 
in special studies. Particular attention is given to train- 
ing student- in the use of the vernacular. If there i- any 
one thing more than another that the average school boy 
is wofully deficient in it is language — grammar, spelling, 
&c. The careful individual supervision of the students' 
work and the nature of this work make it possible to cor- 
rect this fault to a greater extent than can be done in any 
other class of schools. It is not alone the fact that the 
branches taught are practical which commends this school 
to the public, but more especially the watchful and indi- 
vidual training that each student receives. This is the 
only way in which a business course of study can be 
taught successfully. When conducted by means of class 
instruction at the best it can be only superficial work, 
likclv to give incorrect ideas, which will be made apparent 
afterward- in that co-tliest of schools, experience. A 
business education i- too -erious a matter to be trilled 
with; there are always likely to be base imitation- of a 
good thing, and the counterfeits are in themselves evi- 
dences in proof of the worth of the genuine article. It 
therefore behooves a young person who is ready to pur- 
sue a bu-iness course and be litted lor active lite to go to 
headquarters, to an institution with the prestige that 
comes from work well and honestly done during many 
years. Such an institution is Mr. Latimer's Paterson 
Business College which has long been and will ever 
continue to be the centre for the preparation of out youth 
|i >r business life. 

The Paterson Business College oilers superior advan- 
tages in die following respects: — 

1. In ever) department of mathematics, more particu- 
larly in rapid calculation, and the method ol teaching it to 
others. 

2. Rapid business writing and the manner and method 
of presenting it to the studenl so that good writing i- the 



PA PERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



§7 



rule in books and papers of every student. One of the 
first qualifications that recommend a young person who is 
seeking an opening in business is a good business hand- 
writing, not a school-boy hand, but an easy off-hand Style 
combined with rapidity. Mr. Latimer has been eminently 
.successful in developing such a style. 

3. Book-keeping h) single and double entry, simplified 
and elucidated in such a manner that the student is inter- 
ested at once, the science made clear, and all the modern 
labor-saving methods introduced and fully comprehended. 

4. The college hall is pleasant, healthy and commodi- 
ous, and the furniture and fixtures substantial, comfortable 
and coin enient. 

^. The institution has a reputation for sending out 
young men thoroughly prepared for business and therefore 
has the confidence and respect of the community. 

One of the great advantages of the college is that a thor- 
ough business education is acquired by actual business 
transactions by means of the college bank, the insurance 
department, the jobbing, wholesale exporting and import- 
ing, each of which does actual business and has corres- 
pondents in a number of cities in the country. Each stu- 
dent is obliged to keep his accounts correct in whatever 
department he may be operating, for the reason that a 
friendly business competition here exists among the stu- 
dents, just the same as in actual business affairs between 
merchants. Each student is supposed to lie in earnest. 
The\ are treated like men and are supposed to act like 
men engaged in the serious atlairs of life. In this way tin- 
business ability of the student is raised to the highest 
standard. The course of study embraces book-keeping, 
penmanship, business arithmetic, correspondence, com- 
mercial law. language, practical grammar, spelling and 
definition, parliamentary practice, lectures on current top- 
ics and in fact all branches pertaining to business atlairs. 
The practical department consists of the fust national 
bank, commission house, insurance, jobbing, manufactur- 
ing and transportation. Lectures on business affairs and 
current topics are frequently delivered. 

A notable feature of this college is the increasing num- 



ber oi young ladies in attendance. In these practical 
times a business education is of great value to young la- 
dies as well as to young men. This fact i- beginning to 
be appreciated. If ladies desire good situations as book- 
keepers, cashiers, &c, the) must thoroughly prepare 
themselves for these positions and the college affords lirst- 
class opportunities for doing so. And even if the) do not 
intend to put the knowledge to immediate use it is desir- 
able that they have a thorough business education, so that 
whatever happens they may have the ability to support 
themselves. It does not necessarily follow because a 
young lady takes a business course of stud) that she in- 
tends to be a book-keeper. It is the best kind of educa- 
tion she can have, far better than one that is mere embel- 
lishment: for it is of a practical nature and qualifies her 
to take care of herself in case it becomes necessary. Be- 
sides this, thorough instruction is given in the essential 
English branches. 

The business course can lie completed by attending eve- 
ning sessions and the college diploma secured upon pass- 
ing the final examination. fhe evening sessions, which 
are entirely distinct from the day sessions, are designed 
foi' the instruction of men. women and youth, without re- 
gard to age, who are engaged during the day in offices 
and in various kinds of business, but wish to secure a 
practical education that will enable them to obtain better 
positions and higher pay. The exercises are conducted in 
such a maimer that no embarrassment is experienced by 
any student who is earnestly endeavoring to improve op- 
portunities. The sessions are held five evenings of each 
week and the hours of instruction are from seven to nine. 

Mr. Latimer has received numerous complimentary let- 
ters from persons now engaged in the active pursuits oi 
life who in their earlier years attended the Business Col- 
lege. A few of these are compiled in the College Cir- 
cular, a beautifully illustrated pamphlet, which is issued 
annually. 



B 



Paterson's Military. 



By JOHN T. HILTON, Adjutant First Battalion, N. G. S. N. J. 



"Why cannot we have a good military company in Pat- 
erson?" remarked Samuel V. S. Muzzy to Joseph \V. 
Congdon in the tall of 1S71). "We could if we only had a 
financial backing, for it will take quite a sum to start it," 
answered Mr. Congdon. Several conversations took 
place between them and other citizens of Paterson, and 
when Mr. Wm. Strange told Mr. Congdon that if he 
would get the men and take hold of the movement, he, 
Mr. Strange, would see that the money was raised, the 
movement at once assumed form. 

Mr. Congdon was a man of good executive ability, and 
an ex-member of the 22d Regiment, X. G. S. N. |.. and 
lie went into the movement with his characteristic energy. 
From the number of young men who were anxious to go 
in a military company, he soon sa%\ that at least two good 
companies could be formed, and when the first formal 
meeting was called in Pope's llall in Market street, on 
December [9th, 1S79, it was found that about 100 had 
signed the roll. After transacting considerable business 
the meeting was adjourned until January 23d, iSSo, at 
the Sunday school rooms of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 
corner of Ellison and Church streets. At this meeting it 
was decided to form a battalion of two companies, ami the 
name of the organization to be the Paterson Light Guard. 
This was the parent organization of the First Battalion 
\ . ( t . S. N. I . The Paterson Light Guard was to In- an 
independent militan and social organization, owning their 
own uniform, arms and equipments. Some $4,500 was 
subscribed lor the purchase of the latter, the admission 
feeof$25 tor each member purchasing the former, and 
tin- uniform b personal property of each member. 

The uniform consisted of gre) coat, suitabl) trimmed, 
dark blue cloth trousers, a seal skin shako with pompon. 

and a regulation fatigue cap, for drills. Seal skin knap- 
sacks, and Springfield titles. 51 calibre, with nickel plated 
barrels were purchased, and with the Kelts and plates with 
the monogram 1'. 1.. G., was rather a show} and striking 
1 m. and equipments to match. 
At the fanuarj meeting an election was held for a com- 



mandant and line officers, Mr. Congdon being elected 
Major. 

Washington llall was engaged tor a drill room, and 
three rooms in the same building were tented as an ar- 
mory, officers and company rooms, and were fitted up for 
those purposes in a suitable and substantial manner. 

On January 31, [880, Major Congdon issued his first 
orders anil as the\ clearh state the object o( the organiza- 
tion, the line, staff and part of the non-commissioned staff 
officers, I give them in full. 

Headquabtebs, "Paterson Light Gi ua>. ' 
Patehson, N. J., -Ian. :t]st. 1880. 1 

General Orders, No. 1, S&, 1880. 

I. In pursuance of an election held on the 23d inst. , the under 
ed hereby assumes command of this Battalion. 

II. It 1- believed that, in tin- organization oi thi Paterson Light 
Guard, the gentlemen who have enrolli d themselves have thus entere 1 
upon what they consider to be the discharge of an important public 
duty, that of affording additional protection to the lives and property 
.if the people of Patt ison ami air furthermore actuated bj thi worthy 
.1. iiri M' 1 n moting a spirit of public pride in a military organizatii n 
of commendable discipline ami drill. While tin- association ha- not 
lion effected by tin process of enlistment in the National Guard of 
Nevt Jersey, it lias linn entered into with no feeling of disrespect or 
-1 1 all , 1 inn toward the citizi n soldierj . •! this State, 01 the able officers 
who command it: but, on the contrary, with a desire to receive from 
the State authorities such acceptance as shall invest tin Paterson Light 
Guard with the dignitj and tesponsibility that will constitute it thi 
military protection of this impoitant municipality. It is intended to 
11 pi. -1 nt no especial class of society, sect, or nationality; nor does it 
acknowledge identification with the interests of any particular pot 

df tin- on in a. i\ ;i against another. It 1- urged, therefore, that 
1 \ 1 1 \ man enrolled should regard himself a- 1 mi mil. I>\ everj consid- 
eration of duty and honor, to conform to the true character of a sol- 
dier wit le in form, supporting on all occasions his dignity as a citi- 
zen and his reputation a- a gentleman. I'm- only a- such can hi • \- 
pect to in, nt the approval ot the military autli.ait.-nf the State, or 
wm the res] ect ami confidence of the citizens of Paterson. 

III. 'the following elections an. I appointments, to till original va- 
cancii s, an- hereby announci .1 

Co. A.- Captain, Janii - Bi 

J-t. la. nt. .Inu. II. Berdan. 
2d Lieut.— W. II. II. stick, r. 



PA JERSON, ILLUSTKA TED. 



89 



Co. B. — Captain, Chas. Curie, 

1st Lieut. — Alex. T. Groser. 
2d Lieut.— John T. Hilton. 
Staff.— Adjutant, Jas. Inglis, Jr. 

Quartermaster, Jno. H. Hindle. 
Commissary, Albert Tilt. 
Paymaster, A. S. Allen. 
Judge Advocate, Geo. S. ChiswelL 
Chaplain, Rev. Chas. D. Shaw. 
Surgeon, Geo. \V. Terriberry, M. D. 
Asst. Surgeon, Theo. Y. Kiune, M, 1>. 
Sergeant Major, Jos. Mosley. 
Quartermaster Sergeant, A. D. Winfield. 
Commissary Sergeant, Wm. W. Evans. 

IV. Company drills during February will be held at 8 o'clock P. M., 
on Tuesday, 3d, Wednesday, 11th, Tuesday, 17th, and Friday, 27th. 
The officers (including staff) will meet for theoretical drill and instruc- 
tion on Friday evening, February 6th. For the present no visitors will 
be allowed in the Armory during dulls. 

V. From this date members will be required to answer to the Court 
Martial for all delinquencies and absences from drills. 

VI. Until further ordere Commandants of Companies will dri.l their 
men in the 'School of the Soldier" as far as the Manual of Arms 
(Upton, page 30.) They will detail men to serve temporarily as Ser- 
geants. 

VII. All who have not yet procured their uniforms and equipments 
will apply for them at once to the Quartermaster. Until the Armory 
loci rs are in readiness, men will keep their uniforms, &c, at their 
homes. They are to be worn only on drill or parade, except by per- 
mission of the Commandant. 

VIII. Men desiring transfers from either company to the other will 
make application at once in writing to their respective Captains. 

By order of 

Jos. W. Cokgdon, 

Major < 'lOinmanding. 
Jas. Inglis, Jr.., Adjutant. 

Captains Curie and Beggs ; Lieutenants ( ! roser, Stryker 
and Hilton; Adjutant Inglis, Surgeon Terriberry, and 
Assistant Surgeon Kinne ; Sergeant Major Mosley, and 
Commissary Sergeant Evans, were veterans of the war of 
the rebellion, and a number of veterans were non-commis- 
sioned officers and privates in the two companies. 

The organization at this time numbered about 120, at 
least fifty per cent, of whom were merchants, manufactur- 
ers, clerks, salesmen and professional men. the balance 
representing the various industries of the city. 

As the months rolled around it became the settled con- 
viction of the officers and a large number of the men, that 
the organization would be of more service to the commun- 
ity, and the State, if engrafted as National Guardsmen in 
the State service. Negotiations were pending with that 
end in view, when on the first Sunday in May. rSSo, a 
homicide on Garret Mountain led to a riot in that vicinity. 
Great excitement prevailed. Nearly all the officers and 
members flocked to the armory and asked to be led out to 
help suppress the riot and restore peace, but Major Cong- 
don knowing the law in such cases, informed the members 
that he was powerless to lead them out as a military com- 
pany ; as being an independent organization theywere not 
recognized 1>\ the State authorities, and could only go as 
individuals as part of a Sheriff's posse. Order was re- 
stored in a few hours by conveying the originator of the 



trouble to Newark, and then came a fusilade againsl the 
organization from the daily newspapers. Unjust and 
uncalled for criticisms were made, and in one case were 
replied to 1>\ Major Congdon, which put the matter prop- 
erly before the public as follows: 

To the Editor of Th Sun: 

Sib : — In justice to the members of the Paterson Light Guard, per- 
mit met rrect what appears to be a misapprehension on the part of 

tie' reporters who furnished the account of the riot in this city on Sun- 
day last, as to the military character and efficiency of that organi- 
zation. 

The battalion was very recently formed. It has been in existen© 
just three months. It has had but twelve drills; only six of them with 
rifles. The men have not been instructed in the tactics as far as 'load- 
ing and firings." It is no part of the State militia. Its enlistment pa- 
pers are net yet in readinesss for the mustering officer. Although 
cartridges were some time since purchased, they were heldon order in 
New York, because on the admission of the battalion in the National 
Guard, a diffi n nt cartridge would be supplied by the State. 

Its services were offered without cartridges to Gen. Plume, and he re- 
plied that the battalion could serve only as a Sheriff's posse. Ihe 
Sheriff declined the proffered services because the men were unarmed. 
'Ihe Sheriff, the Chief of Police, the Mayor, and the City Counsel all 
approved the course of not bringing out the battalion unarmed. Un- 
der these conditions was n it discretion the better part of valor. 

Jos. W. Coxgdon, Gomitmndant. 
Patekson, May 3, 1880." 

Major Congdon's course was endorsed by high military 
authority, and Governor George B. McClellan, ex-Com- 
mander ol the Army of the Potomac, considered the sub- 
ject of so much importance that he had the following or- 
der issued : 

State of New Jersey, ) 

011 ice of Adjutant General, 
Trenton, May 11th, 1880. ) 
Gt 11, ml Dnii 1 % No. 6 

The following paragraph from the statute laws of this State is pub- 
lished tor the information and guidance of all concerned. 

"Incase of any breach of the peace, tumult, riot or resistance to 
process eif this State, or apprehension of immediate danger of the 
same, in any county or city of ihe State, it -hall be lawful for the may- 
or of city, or sheriff of such county, to make- application to the C'om- 
mander-in-Chief for militarj aid of the National Guard." 

It will be noticed that in case of any apprehension of datger from 
riot, certain civil officers ma\ legally apply to the Governor of the 
State by telegraph at the executive chambers at Trenton, for the mili- 
tary aid of the National Guard, 'there is 110 authority for them to 1 ill 
upon any other official of the State for that purpose, there is no au- 
thority for them to use any military organization not in th.' National 
Guard, to furnish them aid, there is no authority for any such organi- 
zation to attempt, by force of arms, to suppress a mob. In the mean- 
time it is the duty of the civil officers of the city and county, while 
they may call for aid as herein stated, to fully exhaust the pi ever- c in- 
ferred upon said officials in the "Act to prevent routs, riot- and tum- 
ultuous assemblies," before the final appeal is made to tie stem inter- 
ference of the military arm of the State. 

By order of Couimandcr-in-C hi f. 

WilliamS. Stryker, Adjutant G 
Official: 

S. M. Dickinson, Assistant Adjutant General." 

As one of the leading papers stated, the above ordei 
had "obvious reference to the recent disturbance in Pater- 
son, and the action of the 'Light Guard' on that occasion, 
which is now clear was not only judicious, hut the onlj 
action they could have taken; to have gone out as a mil;- 



90 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



tan organization on that occasion being, as stated in this 
01 dei . ci 'iii ran, to lav\ ." 

This riot hastened the mustering in of the Battalion in 
the State service, ami on Ma\ 25th, 1880, the formal mus- 
ter took place in the Washington Hall drill v n. The 

Paterson Light Guard a- an independent militarj organi- 
zation ceased to exist, and then began the real 

Ills I i <;:\ « 11 rHE FIRST BATTALION, N. G. \ . I . 

The Battalion was mustered into the Stair service on 
Ma\ 25, iSSo, b) Lieut. Col. G. I'.. I'. I Inward, [nspect- 
orofthe 1 -1 Brigade, as Mustering Officer, 1 2 1 men be- 
ing mustered. The line officers were commissioned June 
[5th; Major Congdon Jul} 1^. and the staff at various 
dates from |nl\ ij to September 5th, the only changes 
from the roster of the Light Guard being the election of 
ist. Sergt. Aaron V. II. Doremus as 2d Lieut, of Com- 
pany A in place of Win. II. II. Stryker; the promotion 
of Surgeon Terriberr} to the Brigade stall", leaving the 
position of Surgeon vacant until September 29, tSSi, and 
the appointment of C. 1". W. Myers as Assistant Surgeon. 
Surgeon Terriberr} acted as Surgeon of the Battalion dur- 
ing t ' 1 s ■ rill,- shooting that year, however, l>\ request of 
Maji ir Congdon. 

The first formal parade of the battalion was on Memo- 
rial Day, iSSo, when it acted as escort to the local (J. A. 
R. PosS. 

On Dee. 28th, of that year, at the unveiling of the Statue 
of Maj. Gen. Philip Kearnej in Militan Park. Newark, 
the battalion made its debut with the Brigade. The 
Arim and \a\\ |onrnal in commenting on that parade. 
says, "The First Battalion of Paterson, Major Congdon 
with a staff ol six officers, well mounted, ami two compa- 
nies sixteen full files, was third in line. The battalion 
was well equipped, their seal skin shakos, handsome 
knapsacks and leather leggings adding to their line ap- 
pearance. The marching and alignments of the compa- 
nies were spkndid. and notwithstanding the eold weather 
the manual of arms on the march was of an excellent de- 
scription. The battalion was the best organization in the 
column an 1 frequentl} applauded." 

On September 26th, 1881, the battalion again paraded 
with t'ie Brigade in Newark, at the Garfield obsequies. 

In this yeai the Legislature authorized the Governor 
"to organize a Provisional Battalion composed of compa- 
nies selected from the whole bod} of the National Guard 
for their proficiency in drill and discipline and soldierl} 
bearing, neatness in appointments and equipments, to be 
designated b} inspection and competitive drill," to repre- 
sent the state at the centennial anniversary of the surren- 
der at Yorktown. \'a. 

Both 1 Hiipanies. with their officers, were designated as 
two of the ten co npanies to form this battalion, and Majoi 

was appointed a special aid on the staff ol 
commandan . Col. an I Brev. Brig. t.cn. P. Bind Grubb. 

'I'lie Vorkl >wn Battalion consisted of io companies ;_• 
lull tiles = 640: ^ Sergeants percompanj = 50; 1 Com- 



missar} per compan} = 10: Line Officers, 30; field. 
Stall" and Non-Commissioned Stall", jo; Supernumerary 
Officers, 1 j : Band Drum Corps, So; total. 842. 

The writer, who has seen hundreds of regiments, both 
in active service and National Guardsmen, has never seen 

a better oik-. The camp at Yorktown was an ideal as 
well as a real one. and the discipline was excellent. 

The I . S. Centennial Commission notified Gen. Grubb 
that a silver vase costing $1,000 manufactured b} Tiffany 
& Co., of New York, was to In- presented b) the commis- 
sioners, "to the regiment or battalion which should, dur- 
ing the entire encampment, present the best military ap- 
pearance." Tin- review held by the President of the 
United Stales on this memorable battle held was a grand 
sight, and from the applause given to the New Jeise\ bat- 
talion on its march, it was evident that the line appear- 
ance and soldierl} bearing of the organization had won 
the approval of all who saw it. A committee of regular 
arm} officers acting as a board of inspection notified the 
commissioners that New Jersey's Provisional Battalion 
were entitled to the vase, ami it was presented to the or- 
ganization in front of the old Moore house. The- battal- 
ion, which had gone to Yorktown by the wa\ of Balti- 
more, and from there to Yorktown b\ steamer, returned 
home by the route of the Potomac River and Washington. 
On arriving in Washington the battalion paraded through 
some of the principal streets, and were reviewed by the 
General of the Army, Wm. I". Sherman. The citizens 
and those members ol' the battalion who had not been on 
the trip, tendered a line reception and banquet to the 
Yorktown contingent. 

The vase on the route was in charge of a guard of 
honor. Color Sergeant Florian Oborski of the First Bat- 
talion being one of them, and it was subsequently present- 
ed to tlie Legislature, while in session. Lieut. Angus of 
3d Regt. and Lieut. Hilton of the First Battalion, acting 

as the vase bearers, at the presentation. 1'he Legislature 
subsequently voted a medal to ever} member of the Pro- 
visional Battalion, in commemoration of New Jersey's 
achie\ ements. 

The next parade outside of Paterson that the hirst Bat- 
talion took part in. was on Memorial Day, 1SS2, when it 
paraded in New York, and was tin guest of Hawkins 
Veteran Zouaves, formerly the <,t'i. N. Y. Vol's, Capt. 
Curie's old regiment. 

The Zouaves had a medal struck off to commemorate 
this event. 

The Army and \a\\ Journal says of this parade: 
"Conspicuous and deserving of special comment for their 
handsome and soldierl} appearance was the Paterson 

I ight Guard of New Jersey, who well sustained the high 
reputation won b) them at Yorktown." 

()n |ime i^ ol this year, the whole brigade had a field 
da> at Santiago Park on the banks of the Passaic River. 

During the sham battle, which was a part of the exercises. 
Private Win. E. Meller of Compam I! was accidently 
shot in the leg with a blank cartridge b\ one of the men 



PA TERSON, ILL USTR. I TED. 



91 



in the rear ranks. At first it was nut supposed to be 
dangerous, but lie died in a lew days, and lie was buried 
with exceptional honors, the Brigade Commander and 
Stall" and the whole of the battalion attending. Though 
the battalion has lost a number of members by death, 
Private Meller is the only member lost in service; but an 
ex-member, ex-Sergeant John E. Hartley of Company A. 
promoted as Major and Judge Advocate on the Brigade 
start", subsequently died, caused by injuries received in a 
fall from his horse in the 1SS7 camp at Sea Girt. 

On (an. 25th, 1883, a new company, C, was mustered 
in die State service and attached to the battalion. Their 
armory was fixed at Continental Hall, coiner of Main and 
Van Houlen streets. Alexander T. Groser was commis- 
sioned as Captain, Win. F. Decker as ist Lieut., and 
Walter Van Emburgh as n\ Lieut.. Feb. [6th, of that 
year. 

Captain Groser and Lieut. Decker had graduated from 
Companies B and A respectively, and Lieut. Van Em- 
burgh had served several years in the 2d Battalion at 
1 Iackensack. 

The battalion of three companies made their first out- 
door parade on the evening of May 25th. prcliminan to 
the parade with the Brigade at Jersey City on Memorial 
Day. 

In the two years' service that A and 1! had experienced 
in the National Guard they had been kept well up to mil- 
itary work, and they concluded to have a little of the fun, 
on the principle that ••all work and no play makes Jack a 
dull boy." 

It is true that they held two of the finest military balls 
that Paterson had ever witnessed, and as social events 
they were the leading features of the season; still they 
yearned for an outside trip, and voted to go to Saratoga, 
by way <>1 Troy. 

They decided to go as the "Paterson Light Guard," 
wearing their distinctive uniform of grey, supplemented 
by white flannel trousers, and their unique equipments. 

Just before the hour of starting Captain Doremus, in 
behalf of the organization, stepped from the ranks and 
presented Major Congdon with a diamond badge, as a 
token of their esteem for him, and their appreciation of 
his sen ices as commandant of the organization, it was a 
genuine surprise to the Major, and he feelingly responded 
to the sentiments expressed by the gift, and the remarks 
of Captain Doremus. The badge was the battalion es- 
cutcheon in goM, with diamonds set in the centre, and 
surrounding points, and was worth S400. 

They started on September 3d, 1883, leaving New York 
011 the Steamer Drew, with Yoss's 1 st Reg't. N. <>. X. 
}., band, which is a favorite with the battalion. Sou- 
venir menu cards were printed l>v the steamer company, 
and couple. 1 with the menu itself, and the evening con- 
cert by the band, made a delightful evening pass to all. 
A breakfast in the Delavan House in Albany the next 
morning put the party in excellent condition to meet the 
Trojans. A special boat carried the party to Troy, and 



before the wharf was reached, cannons belched forth a 
greeting, and the cheers of the large crowd awaiting en- 
sured a hearty welcome. 

I'he local military, consisting of the Tibbett's Veteran 
Corps. Troy Citizens' Corps, Tibbets Cadets, and the 
Fourth Battery, were drawn up in line, and after the 
usual military salutes, the line of march was taken up. 
The excursion party consisted of 90 of the Guards and ji 
invited guests, and no visiting party ever received a 
heartier welcome. Troy is rioted for its military spirit 
ami large hearts, and the applause accorded to the visit- 
ors made them feel about three inches taller. After the 
parade a banquet followed, accompanied by excellent mu- 
sic from Doring's celebrated band. The toasts wen. 
unique, and the responses ven good. A general inter- 
change of courtesies then followed, and at the hour ol de- 
parture the visitors could scarcely tear themselves away. 

fhe regular train had gone ; a special was made up. and 
amid handshakings, a bundled •■come and see us agains" 
and ■•come down and see us." cheers loud enough to raise 
the roof, and we were oil' tor Saratoga. Arriving there 
tlie Saratoga Citizens' Corps awaited the party, and escort- 
ed the visitors to their quarters, the Grand Union Hotel. 
Mine host Clair had assigned one wing of that hugh cara- 
vansary to the party and told them to enjoy themselves, 
and the) did. The only military duty required of them 
was a dress parade and escort to the colors; the balance ol 
the two days' stay being occupied as each individual saw 
tit. Excursions to Saratoga lake, a horseback parade, and 
a parody on it by the funny members of the party, who 
hired all the village carts in the place and decked them- 
selves out with sunflowers, were some of the notable fea- 
tures of the Stay. The officers of the Citizens' Corps ten- 
dered main courtesies which were appreciated, 'flu un- 
dress parade in the hotel at midnight, the genial Capt. 
Beggs, commandant, was one of the funniest incidents ol 
the trip, and is often spoken of to this day. Hut even fun 
must end some time, and on the 7th the pilgrims bid good 
bye to Saratoga, and its springs ; its Citizens' Corps, and 
big hotels; an ! the steamer that left Albany that night car- 
ried a pretty tired party, who went to sleep a little earlier 
than they did on the up trip. A breakfast at the Metro- 
politan Hotel in New York closed one of the finest excur- 
sions that the organization ever had and reflected credit on 
the committee of arrangements, headed by Major Congdon 
and Quartermaster II indie. The fine executive ability 
possessed by the latter was never better exemplified than 
on this excursion. 

The year l SS.i was memorable from the visit to Paterson 
of one of the organizations who gave the Light Guard 
such a hearty reception at Troy, the Tibbets Veteran 
Corps. 

No \isit of this kind had taken place since before the 
war, and the battalion decided to make it warm for them, 
and show that Paterson was not devoid of a military or 
hospitable spirit. Joint committees of the soldiers and cit- 
izens were appointed., and they went to work with a vim. 



PA', V, ILLUSTRATED. 



Is of dollars were subscribed, and the heart} co- 
rragut and Chaplain Butler 
. G. V R., the firemen and other organizations, 
madt ception the hearty outpouring and friendly 

that it was. T!u-\ arrived here on the morning 
ne i.'. The whole cit\ was in holiday garb; I 
mers and bunting, were displayed from every build- 
in the line ot march, and on hundreds "1" others out- 
.10 line of march. When the train bearing the vis- 
- rolled into the depot, cannon boomed out the signal 
.mil then it seemed as if pandemonium reigned in the city. 
,nt the air. whistles shrieked, and bells pealed 
fort!- sound. Hie line of march was soon 

taken up ami the l -tine continued. The tire ap- 

paratus had been concentrated on the line of march, ami 
their whistles added to the din, while the applause was 
tinuous from the beginning to the end of the march. 
The parade headc alls where a collation 

\\.i- .. and after a long rest the inarch was re- 

sumed ami the Armory reached. At 4 1'. M. a banquet 

en to the visitors, the tables filling Washing 
Hall. Toasts were offered, and responses made, and the 
hall was then cleared for a reception and ball in the even- 
1 :h was attended by the best pe 'aterson. 

eat 1 -■ o'clock, midnight, and 
; hour the line was formed. 

\ 1 ittee firew tUs had been appointed, and 

fireworks wt .1 along the route the result 

formed their work in a 
manner. Company C especially distill 

- of tire. ! ts and Roman 

.1 it w .1- glare from 

s 1 never had a demonstration to 

Vet- 
eran. 

All." 

A. V. II. P .remus. 
-t in 

- 
\ ii. il t Juard of 

Xov. 

ial Da} . . V ti. X. 

J-. i - G. A. R. After 

biv- 
and a re 

iver 

N - >me- 

pav 
\ 

- 

lion paraded wit' 

. and paid 



This vear also found the battalion in their first camp 
with the Brigade at Sea Girt, and received the instruction 
that is impossible to ui\e in the Armory. 

The discipline was good, and the men returned home 
with a better appreciation of a soldier's duties. 

The battalion went into camp with a Lieut. Col. as the 
Legislature at its last session had passed a bill giving a 
battalion with three companies an officer of that rank. 
Major Congdon had earned the promotion, and he was 
unanimously elected, and commissioned May 5th, [SS5. 
Capt. Aaron V. 11. Doremus was elected Major on the 
same date, but resigned July 13th. 

The terms of enlistment of a large number of Co. V.'s 

men had expired, and it was decided bv that company to 

an excursion before the men applied for their dis- 

Providence, R. 1.. was decided on. and they 

left Paterson on Oct. 13th, for that city. 

The> were received vcrv handsomely 1>\ the First 
Light Infantry ><t Providence; treated to a Rhode Island 
clam bake down the river, tendered a reception and ball, 
ami were well entertained and taken care of by that fine 
and well known organization. 

fhe sample of men who went on that excursion seem- 
ed to be well liked in Providence, and the First Light 
Infantry decided to see what the rest of the battalion was 
like, so a return visit was made by that organization on 

The history of the reception of the Tim C - s re- 
peated in most of the programme, except the fireworks, - 
the visitors left on the afternoon of the second day, after a 
military law 11 party on Colt's Hill. The battalion had 
been without a Major since the resignation of Ma 
mus. until April 6th. of this vear. when Capt. Samu< 
S. M . v .A, was ( immissioned to till the vac; 

and he was succeeded b\ Lieut. John R. Beam as Captain 
ol that company. 

The bi-centennial at Pass 
portunity to parade in . and add to the i 

. on June 12th, 
first opportunity he had had nand 

attalion. 
An int. ill .;: Washing . D. 

C. '■ i 1 in Ma\ [SS C of the 

- 
drills were held. ;. mpany took their departure 

ial capital on not 

iring a prize, the company made a tine 
I . and rec« ived cons 

Three offi- 
• 

mpetitive company, and that 1111m- 

. rep- 
. but our -State a- well, in 
this iri petition. 

Thev arrived home while >rial Day parade was 

, and fell column while the lattei 

in m 



/ 'A TERSON, ILL USTRA JED. 



93 



The tal.il accident and death of 2d Lieut. Robert J. 
Burke. Co. A., on May nth, 1887, is the only loss of an 
officer in commission that the First Battalion has sustain- 
ed. Lieut. Burke was a general favorite, and his death 
was much regretted. 

The third calamity, for so it seemed, of the year, was the 
resignation of Lt. Col. Congdon on July 4th. A general 
feeling of depression ran through the battalion, while some 
of the local papers and the public talked as if the organiza- 
tion were going to the eternal bow-wows. But the able 
manner in which Major Muzzy handled the battalion in 
camp in August of that year. 1SS7, soon convinced the 
croakers that the organization was here to stay, and was 
too permanent in character to live or die by the existence 
of one man. 

The camp in that year taught a number of new men in 
the battalion part of a soldier's life, and so far as the sol- 
dierly qualities were concerned, and the use of the organi- 
zation as a military body, it was. if anything, stronger in 
those qualities than at any time in the past. 

On Sept. 17th of this year a detachment of two provis- 
ional companies from the battalion consolidated with the 
Fourth Regiment to parade with the Second Brigade in 
Philadelphia, at the Centennial commemoration of the 
adoption of the National Constitution. 

On June 30th, 1888, one provisional company took part 
with the First Regiment, X. G.N. J., in the dedication 
of the State monuments at Gettysburg, Pa., and were in 
camp several <la\s on that memorable battle field. 

The Centennial celebration of the inauguration of the 
first President of the United States, held in Xew York 
city on April 30th, 1889, brought the Division together 
once more, and the public press, the public themselves, 
and high military authority, concurred in the opinion that 
no State surpassed New Jersey in tile appearance, equip- 
ments and soldierly bearing of her National Guard. It 
was a grand parade, and representative bodies were there 
from nearly every State in the Union, while it was esti- 
mated that a million of Strangers were there as spectators. 
The battalion had taken part in the parade on the Centen- 
nial celebration of the evacuation of New York by the 
British, but neither the occasion, nor the day itself were 
e pial in importance, or grander in effect, to the parade of 
188 ... 

This year was also signalized by the jd and best camp 
that the battalion had participated in. The work was 
harder, the discipline more strict, and the weather hotter 
than on any previous camp, but the command never did 
their duty more cheerfully. Each organization mounted 
Brigade guard in turn, and that guard was responsible for 
the protection of the camp for twenty-four hours. The 
work of the guard of the First Battalion was exceptionally 
good, and called forth commendation from Brigade i lead- 
quarters. More prisoners were caught trying to run the 
guard than all of the other organizations together had 
caught, and though this temporarily caused a little feeling 
with the other organizations, their officers subsequently 



acknowledged that the guard was only doing its duty. 
The battalion marched from camp a stronger and better 
organization than it had ever been in the past, ami it is 
hoped that it may continue in this high standard. 

Space does not admit of speaking at length of all the so- 
cial events that the battalion has been engaged in. but the 
annual balls that have been held were the events of the 
seas, 11. and were watched tor eagerly by our own citizens 
and those of the surrounding country. The receptions to 
General E. Burd Grubb, General Steele. Governor Green 
and others: the balls devoted to charity, the Old Ladies' 
Home and St. Joseph's Hospital, where thousands of dol- 
lars were spent, or raised forthose objects, are too fresh in 
the minds of our citizens to require repeating, and ate but 
the adjuncts of this organization. 

Other important parades and events have been associated 
with the history of the battalion, but this imperfect sketch is 
considered sufficient to show that the First Battalion, N. G. 
N. [.. has been and is of some Use. The moral effect and 
patriotic influence in our city has been good, and in this 
grand republic it is the duty of the city, county, and state, 
to properly support such an organization. 

Our country does not want or require a standing army, 
but we must rely on our private citizens, our organized, 
and un-organized militia : and tiie State is remiss in its 
duty if it does not see to it that its citizens are taught the 
first principles of defence, either lor inward strife, or out- 
ward conflict. Had the Northern States taken as much 
interest in their militia ami military matters as the South 
did. the war of the rebellion would not have lasted as 
ion-. They were prepared for the conflict by almost uni- 
versal military training. We were not. They were of- 
ficered by skilled ami competent officers in a short time. 
We had to educate ours in the field, at the expense of 
blood and lives. The writer was in a company during 
this struggle, not fifty per cent, of whom could hit a barn 
door at IOO yards : how different with the First Battalion ! 
The use of such an organization as a school lor future 
officers, for learning the first principles of a soldier's 
duties, and for the education and teachings of discipline. 
is w 1 nth more than it costs. 

The battalion has been honored by the promotion of a 
number of its members to the various staffs in the State, as 
follows : 

John W. Bomaine, Colonel and A 1- ii -Camp, Governor's Stall. 
Charli - Agi " •• " " 

George W. Terriberry, " " Surgeon, Division " 

William Strum". Lieut Col. and Quartermaster, " " 

John E. Hartley. Major and Judge Advocate, Bi " 

Robert I. II ipper, 

Of the officers that the battalion has been honored with. 
Major Aaron V. II. Doremus, Captain James Beggs, 
Captain and Quartermaster John II. Hindle and Lieuten- 
ant Robert I. Burke are now dead. 

RIFLE PRACTICE OF THE FIRST BATTALION. 

"The use of arms is the right of freemen." our Chap- 
lain told us in his Memorial sermon the other day, May 



94 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



26th, [S90, and he might have added, the knowledge of 
arms is the duty of freemen, and the citizen soldier, for 
unless the freeman or soldier has a knowledge of the use 
of his rifle, and its capability to perform the work for 
which it was constructed and placed in his hands, it is iuii 
a waste of time and words to place ii there. 

< ii\ en an equal number of men in tw <> different 1 irgani- 
zations, one to he- thoroughl) drilled in the tactics, cere- 
monies and marching, bul without the practical knowl- 
1 d ■■■ of the rifle; the other knowing only the rudiments 

of the drills, and not a word about a dress parade or re- 
view, but with the full knowledge and use of the rifle 
skilled in the point of hitting the mark at 200 to 500 
yards whenever the) choose, and I will take im chances 
with the latter organization every time. The individual 
knowledge and use of the rifle gives the soldier confidence 
in himself and his organization, and makes him feel that 
they are invincible. The lesson of the Boer war in South 
Africa, where the undisciplined Dutch burghers decima- 
ted the splendidly formed, disciplined and armed forces 
of England, was a lesson that even military man ought to 
study. While the English soldier is no mean adversary 
with a rifle, the Dutch Boer in this ease was eminently 
his superior, and by that superiority they gained their free- 
dom and iiii'i mi >m\ f< >r their land. 

It is this knowledge that has caused the officers of the 
First Battalion to instil in the minds of their men. both by 
precept and example, this fundamental principle of the 
skilled soldier. Some officers have considered this branch 
■ •I instruction both in theory and practice, more important 
than other officers do, and have made it a specialty, but, 
as with the other history of the organization, we are not 
ashamed of the rifle practice of the First Battalion. 

It was inaugurated one Saturday afternoon in Inly. 
1SS0. at Brinton Range near Elizabeth. The range was 
owned li\ a private association and leased on certain days 
by the State for the practice of the ist Brigade. The 
party ol officers and men that went down to the range 
that afternoon numbered but six or eight who expected to 

qualify as marksmen under the association rules, which 
was allowed by State regulation. Lieut. Hilton to his own 
surprise, as well as to the others, was the only one who 
did qualify, but during the balance of the sea ion eighteen 
others made the requisite fifty per cent, of points and were 
honored with a markman's had 

our of the original i<> are still members of the Bat- 
alion. viz: Capt. Win. F. Decker, Adjutant John T. 
Hilton, 3d Lieut. Charles Reynolds and ex-( oloi Serg't. 
and Private Edwin S. Brown. Capt. Decker and Lieut. 
Reynolds have qualified each year since that and now 
have the proud distinction of wearing the gold cross for 

1 1 1 \ ears' marksmanship. 
Captain Albert Till was commissioned as Inspector of 

Rifle Practice August 5th, 1SS0. He was very proud of 
his department, and by his interest and cordial co-opera- 
tion with the other officers of the battalion, proved himself 
to be an admirable acquisition to the organization. The 



battalion gained a percentage of 22.88 that year which was 
higher than five regiments in the State, and gave us fourth 
place in line of merit, the highest percentage attained by 
any regiment or battation in the State being | (..64. 

That would not do for the First Battalion, and the next 
year, [S81, 60 marksmen qualified, and the battalion per- 
centage jumped to second place in figure of merit. ^i.|J. 
or hut |.o| points below the highest. 

In the figure of merit by companies, neither one of the 

companies then forming the battalion need hide theii 
score sheets; Company A being the Qth in line, with a 
percentage of 50.00, and Company I! a close ioth, with a 
percentage 1 'f (.9.8 |. 

The Stale regimental figure of merit had advanced 
nearly 11 points over the preceding year, and the season's 

shooting ended with the percentage of 55.4610 shoot at 

the next \ ear. 

In iN.Sj the battalion headed the State list with S6 
marksmen and a percentage of 64.13, leading the next 
highest organization by 23.97 points. This improvement 
was due to the enthusiasm of the men on the subject, en- 
couraged by the officers both in instruction, and the offer- 
ing of a battalion prize badge for the best marksman. 
Company 1! had also offered a prize badge, and Lieut. 
Hilton, who was acting as [nspector of Rifle Practice dur- 
ing the absence of Captain Tilt in Europe, was also as- 
signed by Captain Curie to the special duty of rifle instruc- 
tor to this company. 

The competition tor the battalion badge was genera], 
and was anybody's race up to October, when it practically 
narrowed down to four competitors, and the 30th of that 
month, the end of the season, saw Sergeant Decker the 
champion marksman of the battalion. As this competi- 
tion was virtually the best schooling the battalion had ex- 
perienced, and the results were tar reaching, as the knowl- 
edge gained there is still in use with us. I take the liberty 
of giving die names and scores oi the competitors : 

s,- ires. Vggi 1 Pel 
Sergeant Wm. F. I'. ck< r, 1'". A .... 16, 15, I". 136 90 



Private Win H. Sin. Hi. 
Lieut. Jet, n '1'. Hilton, 
Private Edwin S. Brown, 



16, II. 1:: 133 ss 
15, 13, 13 131 s7 

II. 12, 11 1'27 si 



The conditions of the match called tor the aggregate of 
the three best semes made by any of the competitors; ^ 
shots at the 200, and 5 shots at the 500 yard ran.. 
ing a possible of 50 points for the to shots. 

Company B's badge went to Lieut. Hilton, and w 
through force of circumstances he was forced to resign, he 
had the proud satisfaction of seeing his company a' I 
head of the State list with a percentage of 73.60; Com- 
pany A being third in line with a percentage of 56. 1 1 . 

'I'he battalion faced lie targets in [SS3 with a new com- 
pany, C; and it was supposed we would lose our lead. 
But tile men of' that company were composed of soldier 
material anil Sergeant Decker, now a Lieutenant in Com- 
pany C, was the principal instructor. With such ma- 
terial and such an instructor it was 11.. surprise to the 
w liter to note that the battalion wen- slid on top, with 1 1 | 



PATERS ON, ILLUSTRATED. 



95 



marksmen and 61.83 as our figure "'' merit, leading the 
next regiment by 15.09 points. 

Company C led the battalion, a,n<l was second in the 
State, by a percentage of 67.79. Company 1! followed 
next, b >th in battalion and State, with 64.01. and Com- 
pany A followed third in the battalion, and sixth in the 
State with 58.36. 

In 1SS4 nothing memorable occurred except that the 
scores and percentages were lower. The battalion wound 
110 the season with 112 marksmen and a figure of merit of 
57.93, the highest in the State. Company C kept her 
place both on Battalion and State list, by a percentage of 
6^.16. Company B while keeping her battalion place 
dropped down to fourth in the State list, and quit with 

55-57- 

Company A fared the worst, as she dropped to the eighth 
place "ii the State roll, and lowered her percentage to 

I7-7"- 

The \ear 1S85 was memorable from the large number of 
marksmen we had. U7. and the high percentage of the 
battalion, 69.55, and we were still in the lead. 

It was especially memorable to Company C, as ex-Ser- 
geant Decker of Company A was now Captain of C, and 
a rifle expert, and the company rolled up the highest per- 
centage that had ever been achieved in the State, having 
96.84 to her credit, and was the first on the State list. 
Company B followed second on both lists with 68.35, 
while Company A still kept her place on the battalion list, 
but went up one notch to 7th place on the State list. 

The season of 18S0 opened with a new Inspector for the 
battalion, Captain Tilt having resigned, and ex-Sergeant 
Edmund G. Edwards w r as commissioned Captain and In- 
spector of Rifle Practice Nov. roth, 1885. Captain Ed- 
wards was a good rifleshot, and a competent instructor. 
His instruction aimed to school the men into calmness and 
judgment of their work, so that each shot would be a 
lesson for their next one. If, as some i.t the officers 
claim, that the scoring by the members ofa battalion prac- 
ticing did not give the true results that paid markers out- 
side of the organization shooting would give, and that it 
was shown this year by the new system to be much lower 
in percentage, we still had the satisfaction of seeing that 
by the new system of paid scorers we could shoot as well 
as score, for we headed the State list this year with 42 
marksmen, and 48.44 as our figure of merit. 

Other organizations showed these low" percentages also. 
The discharge of so many of the men 01 Companies A and 
B whose time had expired was also against us, and that 
fact is the mire remarkable when we see that Company A 
had got tired of being on the bottom of the list, and had 
jumped to the top ofboth State and battalion list with a 
percentage of ^j.6o. 

Company C followed next both in State and battalion 
list, with 50.75, while Company B had taken a drop to 
third in the battalion, and seventh in the State lis!, with 
41 .64 to its credit. 



In 1.SS7. for the first time since it gained it in [882, the 
battalion lost its lead and came in second. The Second 
Regiment re-organized from the old 9th Regiment, had 
been creeping up on us, and now led the State. 

We had 29 marksmen : 123 1st class; j^ 2d class and 
84 3d class shots, with a percentage of 41. 30. 

Our companies also lost their head and were rated on 
the State list as follow 5 : 

( 'ompauy I '. 5th, figure of merit 13.37 

A, 7th, " : ' 41.20 

1!, 12th, " " 36.1 1 

In [S87 the battalion was again in the lead with 81 
marksmen, and an improved percentage of 48.03. 

The offering of prize badges by Major Muzzy, Surgeon 
Myers, and Quartermaster Robert I. Hopper, for the best 
score of the season, and the establishment of a local range 
was no doubt the reason for this increase. The same rea- 
sons showed the same results in E882, and was as strong 
an argument as any that could be adduced for the main- 
tenance of local ranges, and incentives for good scores. 
Corporal Deitrich, of Co. C, won the Major's badge ; Pri- 
vate Ranson, of Co. B. the Surgeon's badge; and Quarter- 
master Sergeant Muzzy the Quartermaster's badge. Com- 
pany I? had spurred herself and was second on the State 
list with 52.15 to her credit: being but 0.51 below the 
highest. Company C still retained her fifth place with 
47.-10; and Company A had dropped to tenth place with 
41.44; a higher score than last year, but the percentages 
had advanced along the whole line of the State. 

In 1S89 the battalion was still in the lead with 66 marks- 
men: 74 first class men; || second class; and had a per- 
centage of 4')..X7. While Company B had dropped back, 
the position of the companies as a whole was better, for 
they followed each other successively; Company C being 
third with 52.00, Compan) I! being fourth with 46. S3, and 
Company A being fifth with 41-07 as the figures of merit. 

An Inter-State match was shot at the Sea Girt range 
this year by teams of u. from New York, Delaware, and 
New [ersey; the First Battalion furnishing three men on 
the latter team, whose shooting was a credit to the organ- 
ization they belonged to. They made an average of 
83.66 percent, ranking second, third, and sixth place on 
the team, and had the balance of the men done as well 
New [ersey would have won the match, instead of losing 
it by ^ points. 

As their personal scores are of interest and ma\ be of 

use in the future I record them : 

Si ore at '.'mi 

Team No. Name. Yards. r Total. 

■I Capt. Win. F. Decker 46 4j 86 

3 Private John Hanson ...41 41 85 

(5 Color Sergeant Chas. Chinn 43 37 80 

An accident prevented Captain Decker from making a 
higher and the ranking score, but his work at this and 
other times in the past indicates that he is one of the best 
rifle shots in the State, and allied with Private Ranson can 
probably equal the score 0!' any two men from any regi- 
ment or battalion in the State. 



9 6 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



GATLING i.i \ PH \< I I < I . 

( )n fan. t |. i8S6, Color Sergeant Florian Oborski was 
commissioned as Firs! Lieutenant ami Commandant of the 
Gun Squad, subsequent!) known as the Gun Detachment. 

In the same year the [nspector < Jeneral of Rifle Practice 
reports ;!-■ follows: "The efficienc) of the Gatling Gun 
when properly handled was never better demonstrated 
than "ii August j jtli last, when General Sewell ordered 
Gatling Gun Co. "B" mi tin- range for practice. The 
gun was sighted I'm' 300 yards, each shot, and made 5 2 
points out of a possible 75 equal to 69 per cent." 

In tin year following, ami the first in cam]) ami practice 
tor 1.1. Oborski's command, ho tried his hand at shooting 
tin' gun ami made p out of the possible 50, or S2 per 
cent, a good beginning. He also fired 360 shots in s ,s se- 
conds. 

In the following camp. [SS9, there was a competition 
between the First Battalion detachment ami the Gatling 
(urn Co. \. manned l>\ veterans of the laic war. The 
First Battalion gun made [26 points to [ 19 of the other or- 
ganization, lint in voile) firing the First Battalion gun fired 
595 shots in S5 seconds, while Gatling (inn Co. A. fired 
hots in 90 seconds, equal t>> 7.2 1 shots per second, or 
of a shot in excess of the local gun. This speaks well 
for the First Battalion Gun Detachment, and we all regret 
the resignation of such a competent and enthusiastic officer 
as Lieut. ( )borski. 

INSPECTIONS OI I~ 1 1 1 ; I ] I : - I BATTALION. 

At the date of the mustering of the First Battalion into 
tin' National Guard of the Stale, the standard of the organ- 
izations was far below that of 18 10. Though the Adjutant 
General in [8Sl reports that "the high standard of drill 
and general efficiency of our several regiments and battal- 
ions have, I think, been full) maintained during the year," 
the detailed reports of the First and Second Brigade In- 
spectors do not show am such flattering picture. Isolated 
instances of companies and regiments merited this lan- 
guage ofthe Adjutant-General, but from the Brigade In- 
spector's reports, it would indicate that efficienc) was the 

exception, and not the rule. The trouble was not so much 
with the men as with the officers, as the past and present 



show, that with good officers our National Guard is equal 
to an) emergenc) . 

Idie improvement all along the line, and especial!) in 

the First Brigade is due to the improvement in the officers, 

and probably no cause lor this improvement has been so 
potent as the mingling together of organizations and offi- 
cers, at the various parades and camps, and lastly, as the 

writer believes, to the influence and high standard aimed 

atb) the First Battalion. The battalion was composed for 
the most part of picked men. who took great pride in the 
organization. The Commandant was indefatigable in his 
efforts to make the organization as perfect as possible, and 
he was ably assisted b) a competent corps of officers. Of 
the muster and inspection ofthe battalion in 18S1, the In- 
spector-General says "but one officer and fourteen enlisted 
men wen- absent; companies parading an average of 
lil'n -eight men, the highest for an) battalion in the di\ ision. 
ddie command made an excellent appearance, is com- 
posed of good material: its discipline is superior, and its 
esprit de corps evident." The Brigade-Inspector Lt. Col. 
(i. E. P. Howard reported: "This battalion is deserving 
ol special mention for its proficiency in drill and the man- 
ual of arms, the result of hard work and careful attention 
to the tactics on the part of both officers and enlisted 

men." 

In the limited space of this article it is impossible to 
quote the report ofthe Inspector for each year, and it is 
unnecessary to do so, as the following figures show a re- 
cord not equalled by an) regiment or battalion in the 

State. 

I'M BATTALION MUSTERS AND INSPE< I l"\. 



Year. 


Total Strength. 


1880 


126 


L881 


151 


1882 


1 , : 


1883 


202 


issi 


207 


L885 


205 


188 1 


246 


1887 


260 


lsss 


245 


L889 


238 


IS! hi 


215 



Number \ - 

15 
13 

17 
12 
IS 
13 
12 
•_> 

13 

1 



04.2 
01.2 
947 

a.v. 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



97 



TABULATED ROSTER OF OFFICERS OF THE FIRST BATTALION. 



DATE OF COMMISSIOXS, PROMOTIONS, RESIGNATIONS AND DEATHS. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 


Commissioned. 


Promoted. 


Resigned. 


Lieut. Col 

Major 


Joseph W. Congdon 

Samuel V. S. Muzzy 

Jose] li W. i longdon 


May 5, '85 

1 12. '89 

July 1"), '80 

May 5. '85 

April 6, '8G 

Dee. 12, '89 

July 27, '80 

Dec. 8, '85 


Abu 5th, '85 


July 4, '87 


Aaron V. II. Doremus 


Dee. 12, '85 

Wlaivh 20, '89 


July 13 '85 


Adjutant 


Samuel V. S. Muzzy 

John R. Beam 

John T. Hilton 


Nov. 21. '85 


Quartermaster 


John H. Hindle . . . 


July 27, '80 

Feb 6, '88 

April 13, '89 

July 27, '80 

Nov. 10, '85 

Sept. 29, '81 

Si pt. 10, '80 

Sept. 29, '81 

•July 22. '.SO 

Aug. ■"■. 80 


Nov 28 s7 




Kobert I. Hopper 

John 11. Hopper 

Alpheus S. Allen 

John Ii. Conklin 




<■ 


Si pt. 29, 'si 

Mav 5, '85 

Dec. 12, '89 




Paymaster 


S.pt. 30, 85 
May 13, 90 




Surgeon 


( harles F. W. Myers 


Ass't Surgeon 


Charles F. W. Myers 

Rush Neer. 

Thomas F. O'Grndy . .. . 


April 20, '86 


ii 


Judge Advocate 


Charli s D. Shaw 

( reorge S. ( Ihiswell . . . 




Aug. 5, '80 

Sept. s. '86 

April 14, '90 

Aug. 5, '80 

Nov. in. '85 


Aug. 7. '86 

i li t. 21. '89 


Albert A. Wilcox . 


(i 


Albert Tilt 


Inspector of Rin» S'rai tioe, 


S.pt. 30, '85 


Edmund G. Edwards 




Florian ( Iborski 


Sept. in. 89 






June 15, '80 


LINK OFFICERS. 




Co. A. — Captain. . .... 


Samuel V. S. Muzzy 

John R Beam 


March 27 '82 


May 12, '82 
Mav 21. '85 




a 


April 29, si; 


Dec. 12, '89 




(< 


Henry Muzzy 


Feb. 20. tin 

Juue 15, 'SO 


May 12, 82 








Sept. 15, '81 






Oct. 14, '81 

May 12, '82 

April 29, '86 

F.I.. 20, '90 


ii 


Samuel V. S Muzzy 




.1 


John R. Beam 


April 29, si; 

Feb. 20, '90 . 




ii 






i< 


Joseph ( '. Earnshaw 

Samuel V. S. Muzzy 


Oct. 14, '81 

M. 12. '82 




2d Lieutenant. . . 


June 15, '80 

Oct. 10, '81 

Mav 12, '82 




ii 




.May 21, '85 

April 29, '8G 

Feb. 20, '90 

Feb. in, '85 




ii 




Feb 11 '86 


" 




March is. '86 

July 22, '86. 




ii 


Juue 23, '87 

Feb. 20, 'JO 

Feb. in, s.j 




Co. B.— Captain 




Feb. 5, '83 






Nov. 24, '84 
May 30th, '86 


ii 


Uexander T. Groser 


July 22, '86 

Juue 15, '80 

Juue 20, '82 

Feb. 10, '85 


1st Lieutenant . . . 


May 3, '82. 


ii 


July 22, 'SO . . 




,, 




July 22. '86 


Feb. in. '85 

July 22. '86 




2d Lieutenant. . . 


John T. Hilton 

Robert II. Fordyce . . 

Frederick T. Vandervoort 

( Jharles Reynolds 


June 15, 'SO 

May 25, '83 

March 16, '86 


May 2. '83 
Jan. 25 




Juh 22, '86 

F. b. 26, '83 

Jan. 9, 85 




Nov. 17. -1 




William F. D( cl i 






William F. Decker 






James Parker ....... 


Aug. 16, '89 


Jan. 9, '85 

i.ug. L6, 89 


July 23, 89 


2d Lieutenant. 


Fi b. 26, '83 

Jan. 9. '85 

Aug. 16, '89 




ii 









•To Brigade stall as Judge Advocate, Major. 1 Died May 11, 18 7, while in commission. 



Some Old Paterson Houses. 



By WM, NELSON, Attorney-at-Law and Corresponding Secretary of New Jersey Historical Society. 






. Vfy'llI- wonderful transformation that has come 

V. -A> the city of Paterson within a few years is 



come o\ er 
is em- 
••• -■ * phasized 1>\ the presence here and there of a 
relic of other days in the shape of an old-fashioned 
stone house, dating back to the time when the 
Dutch were almost the onh residents in this part of 
the country. These ancient dwellings are gener- 
ally of one type — long and low, seldom more than one-story 
in height, w iih gambrel roof rising high up In the air, afford- 
ing space for several rooms under it. besides a capacious 
attie above all. Broad and low. like their old-time build- 
ers, these houses were erected to stand for generations. 
But alas ! as generation after generation lias arisen, the old 
houses have been deserted bj them, one by one, until there 
is not a dwelling within the limits of the city of Paterson 
that has been occupied by one lamih tor a century. Let 
us briefly mention a few of these ancient landmarks before 
their \cr\ memory is forgotten. 

The most famous of ancient houses in Paterson is the 
Passaic hotel, on River street, at the foot of Bank street. 
When it was creeled it i- impossible to tell, hut probably 
about the year 1771- by Abraham Godwin, in whose fam- 
ily it remained as a tavern for si\t\ years. 

A short distance further west, in the same street, is an- 
other old stone house, which preserves its ancient appear- 
ance, unchanged. It was probably erected b) Cornelius 
Van Winkle, about the year 177:1. hut passed out of the 
of the family main years ago. 
The old house standing on Madison avenue near what is 
now called Park avenue, was occupied h\ fohn 1'. Mer- 
selis about the beginning of this century, which it perhaps 
ii\ twenty years. 
The stone house at the cornet ot Market street and the 

Wesel road i- from eighty to one hundred \cars old. It 

was originalh occupied b\ one of the Merselis family, hut 
long since passed oui of their hands. 

The other stone houses in that .1 are from 

sixty to s t \ rn t\ \ ears old. 



It is doubtful if in the whole of the Third Ward of Pat- 
erson there are any buildings older than Brown's tannery, 
in Main street between Pair and Division. The brick 
stores on the northeast corner of Broadway and Main 
street were erected in [819 20, and are am'ong the very 
oldest structures in that Ward. 

In the whole of the First Ward of Paterson there proba- 
bly is not a building standing that dates hack to 1S20. 

In the Second Ward tin re are two or three that ante- 
date this century. One is on Totowa avenue near Pater- 
son avenue, thought to he a century old. Another is the 
Van Houten homestead, on Totowa avenue near the West 
Side Park. The small house on Jasper street fust north of 
Doreinus street was built fully seventy-five years ago. The 
large brick and stone house on Hamburgh avenue, near 
Doremus street, occupied 1>\ Miss Westerfield, was erected 
about sixty years since. 

In all probability tin- oldest house in the city of Paterson 
is t'nc Do emus homestead, on Water street, between 
Hamburgh avenue and Temple street. In 1 70S Gerre- 
brandt Van Houten, Helmegh Van Houten his brother, 
Martin Kyerson and Abraham Godwin bou jhl of the exe- 
i lit is ot Henry Brockholst a tract of 62S acres, extending 
from the Passaic river hack to the mountain, and from the 
line of the present Mai ion street to the line of Clinton 
street. They subdivided the tract in the spring ot' 170., 
into si yen smaller lots, of which Gerrebrandt Van Houten 
took one lying between Clinton and Northwest streets, and 
extending back to the line ot' the present Doremus street 
extended. It is believed that in the summer of 17" 1. if 
not earlier, he erected the eastern half of the present Dore- 
inus homestead 11 is grands in, Gerrebrandt Van 1 1 on ten, 
who was President of the original Paterson Bank, and the 
leading capitalist ot' his day, erected the western part ot' 
the building about iSjj. Ills daughter Catharine married 
Ralph Doremus, who in [825 erected the brick man-ion 
on the cornel of Watei and Albion sheds, in i t s. day the 
handsomest dwelling ill Paterson. After the death id' 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



99 



Judge Van Houten, in 1S29, Mr. Doremus occupied the 
whole of the old stone homestead, with his wife and child- 
ren — Henry C. and Francis E. Doremus until his death in 
1SS6. His son Henry's family continued in the occupancy 
of the western part of the building until fune 11. 1S90, 
when they, too, left the ancient homestead, after it had 
been occupied by the family for a period of more than one 
hundred and twenty years. No other house standing in 
Paterson has been occupied by one family for anything 
like a similar period of time. This old house is typical of 
its class, and therefore a description of it may be of inter- 
est. The older part, on the east, formerly had but one 
great living-room cm the ground floor, with kitchen exten- 
sion ; the front door, opening on the street, had half-doors 
until about twenty years since. In the upper part, under 
the roof, there were four sleeping rooms. The western or 
more modern portion, is divided into four rooms on the 
first floor, two on each side, separated by a hallway ten 



teet wide extending from the front to rear. On the east is 
a double parlor, and mi the west a dining room and 
kitchen. As will lie seen by the accompanying illustra- 
tion the house is but one-story high under the eaves, but 
the roof is so lofty that there is a spacious second story, 
with six rooms, and an ample attic overhead. 

There is something sad in the thought that these old 
houses are destined to give wav to more modern structures, 
to be occupied by those who are strangers to all the joys and 
all the sorrows that have been experienced under these 
ancient roofs. But there is something consoling' in the 
fact that the modern houses, after all, have comforts and 
conveniences that the old had not. and th.it under these 
modern roofs there may be at least as much of joy and per- 
haps less of sorrow than under the old. And yet, while it 
is with gladness that we •'ring out the old, ring in the 
new." we cannot but feel a sympathetic interest in these 
relics of other days — the ancient stone houses of Paterson. 



Cemeteries. 



Cedar Lawn Cemetery. 

In 1S65 a number of gentlemen, deeming the time ripe 
for a new cemetery, secured from the legislature an act. 
approved March 28, 1865, incorporating "The Cedar Cliff 
Cemetery Company," "for the purpose of establishing a 
public burying ground in the city of Paterson." No steps 
were taken to organize the company, and in the fall of 
1S66 several other gentlemen became impressed with the 
beauty and fitness of the location of the present Cedar 
Lawn for a cemetery, and obtaining control of the above 
charter, they subscribed the requisite amount of stock. Oc- 
tober 10, 1S66. and at a meeting of the stockholders, held 
at Berry's hotel, Oct. 25th, at which Mr. John J. Brown 
was chairman, and Mr. Adam Carr secretary, they 
elected as Directors Messrs. Franklin C. Beckwith, 
Thomas Barbour, Thomas I). Hoxsey, Adam Carr. Henry 
B. Crosby, William S. Kinch and James Crooks. Mr. 
Beckwith was elected president and Mr. Carr secretary 
ami treasurer of the company. The next month General 
Egbert L. Viele was engaged to lav out the grounds, 
which he praised very highly after viewing them. The 
name of the cemetery had meantime been discussed at 
length: "Cedar Grove" was agreed upon, then ••Sacred 
Rest." and finally ••Cedar Lawn Cemetery." and by a sup- 
plement (approved March 4, 1867) to the act of incorpor- 
L.ofC. 



ation that name was fixed upon, and its appropriateness 
has never been questioned since. 

The nineteenth day of September, 1S67, witnessed the 
dedication of Cedar Lawn — the first rural cemetery in this 
section of the State. The event excited a great and gen- 
eral interest in the community, and the procession to the 
grounds included most of the city and county officials, the 
clergy, several civic societies, and large numbers of citi- 
zens, who walked all the way to the cemetery. The 
Seventh Regiment band from New York furnished the 
music. 

The land selected tor the cemetery was comprised in 
three farms, owned by Hartman Van Riper, (buret Dem- 
arest and David Demarest, embracing about two hundred 
and fifty acres, extending from the Dundee Lake westerly 
almost to the Erie Railway. As the charter of the com- 
pany authorized the holding of only one hundred acres, all 
above that was sold, and formed the site whereon the vil- 
lage of Lakeview was located. The section reserved for 
the city of the dead is rectangular in shape, being aboul 
sixteen hundred feet from east to west, and about twenty- 
four hundred feet from north to south. The location was 
pronounced by General Viele to be the finest he had ever 
seen for the purpose, and it is the general opinion of all who 
have visited it that no lovelier spot could have been found 
wherein to la\ the departed. 



IOD 



PA 7ERS0N, II. L I r S I K. I TED. 



[n the foreground is Dundee Lake, the charming sheel 
of water formed by the expansion of the Passaic river for 
three or four miles. < hi the opposite side of the water are 
handsome country houses, green meadows ami well culti- 
vated fields, with nothing to mar the prospect. Along the 
hither shore, the ancient Wesel road, one of the [avorite 
drives near the city, runs between the lake and the ceme- 
tery. The land then stretches in a level greensward wes- 
terly for six or eighl hundred feet, forming a beautiful 
lawn, which is preferred by very man} for burial places. 
In this valley, as it were, there seems to be something pe- 
culiarly suggestive of rest. From this gentle vale there 
rises a hill with not too steep an ascent, to a height of per- 
haps one hundred feet above the lawn at its base. This 
hillside is dotted all over with graves, while its summit 
has been regarded as a peculiarly choice situation. And 
nu wonder. It is illuminated by the dawn's first blush, 
emblem of the eternal day which all who there repose are 
waiting to rise and greet; it commands a wide reaching 
view of other hills, stretching farther and farther away. 
and higher still, till in the distance they merge into heav- 
en's azure, even as have the spirits whose earthly habita- 
tions are here: and on this hill, as on those in the far dis- 
tance, there rests a perpetual peace, such as all hope to rind 
alter this life's troubles are ended. 

There is something surpassingly lovely in the view from 
the higher parts of the cemetery — the meadow and the 
Lake below; the placid fields and blue hills of Bergen 
County, rising into the Palisades faraway in the east: the 
tree clad hills toward the south, in the direction of Passaic : 
the hold cliffs of Garret or Wesel mountain in the west. 
and the rugged Preakness range rising higher beyond ; and 
the groves and heights to the north — all combined com- 
pose a s.ene whose quiet beauty never fails to make an 
undying impression upon the beholder. About the whole 
prospect, and especially about the cemetery itself, there 
dwells such an atmosphere of absolute repose that thou- 
sands come here weekly to enjoy the perfect tranquility 
which soothes and cheers the tired worker. 

The site selected for the cemetery has the double advantage 
of being reasonably near the city and at the same time in such 
a retired nook that it can never be an obstruction to th< 
city's growth —a fortunate circumstance, when we consider 
how ruthlessly the inarch of improvement tramples over 
everything which hinders its progress. But there are 
other guarantees thai this hallowed ground shall never be 
profanely disturbed in the interest of Mammon. The bar- 
riers here erected by nature are a still stronger assurance 
than human laws or human pledges. The lake on the east 

and the hill on the west prevent encroachments from those 
do eci i ..us ,n\t\ there can never be any occasion for travers- 
ing the grounds from north to south, when there are two 
fine thoroughfares as the Wesel road and Lake View 
avenue on each side and within a few hundred feet of each 
other. Again: It is quite out of the direct line of the 
city's progress. It is in the extreme southeast corner of 



the corporation limits and so isolated that the city might 

grow close up to it and the cemetery would Still retain its 

air of sweet solitude and rural beauty. In a cemetery 
there is no more important consideration than its security 
from intrusion —its permanence. There is something re- 
volting in the thought of disturbing the dead, no matter 
how urgent may seem the demands of the living, and when 

«i' lay our loved ones under the- sod we want to feel as- 
sured that they have found their last resting place on earth 
which none shall ever begrudge them. 

Lew cemeteries anywhere have such facilities of access 

as Cedar Lawn. It is reached from any part of Patersou 
h\ horse cars. Market street, one of the main thorough- 
fares of the city runs directly thither. Other routes are l>\ 
vvav of Park avenue and Vreeland avenue: Main street and 

Crooks avenue ; Market street, Trenton and Buffalo ave- 
nues; or Market street and Lake View avenue. The main 
entrance is within three miles of the City Hall, in a straight 
line, thirty minutes' ride in the horse cars. The remotest 
point within the city limits is luit six miles distant, or 
within an hour's ride. The gate house is scarcely three- 
miles from the neighboring city of Passaic, to which there 
is a delightful drive by the Wesel road, or by Crooks ave- 
nue and Main street. The direct road to Hackensack, the 
beautiful court house town of Bergen Counts, is close at 
hand, and an hour's drive brings us thither. Over all 
these roads almost daily may he seen solemn funeral pro- 
cessions wending their way to Cedar Lawn. 

The railroad facilities are also an important feature. The 
New York, Susquehanna and Western railroad has a sta- 
tion within half a mile of the entrance to the cemetery. 

The Erie Railway has a station at Lake View within a 
mile and a half of the gate house, and another nearer the 
centre of Patersou. two and a half miles from Cedar 
Lawn, connecting there with the horse cars. The Dela- 
ware. Lackawanna & Western Railroad has two stations 
within three miles of the cemetery. The remains of per- 
sons from a distance arc frequently brought over these dif- 
ferent railroads to he interred in this favorite place of sep- 
ulture, which can he leached in less than an hour and a 
halt' from the City Hall in New York, by any of these 
routes. Thus it is quite as convenient of access from New 
York or fersey City as < Jreenw ood, Woodlawn or Cypress 

inn. 

For this, among other reasons, not a lew lot owners at 
these cemeteries have bought plots at Cedar Lawn and 
bury their dead here in prelci ence to elsew here. 

The interments in the cemetery number over ten thou- 
sand. 

The following are the present officers of the company : — 
President, 11. 1!. Crosby : vice president, John J. Brown; 
treasurer, G. A. Hobart; secretary, George 11. Albutt; 
superintendent. Sidney Heminsley : Board of Directors: — 
Robert Barbour, A. W. Bishop, Edmund G. Edwards, 
William II. Williams. II. |'>. Crosby, [ohn L Brown, G. 
A. Hobart, lames [nglis, Jr., Charles L. Hindle. 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



101 



Laurel Grove Cemetery. 

In 1872 several of the leading citizens of Paterson real- 
ized that the time was not far distant when the cemeteries 
then in use would be wholly inadequate to meet the needs 
of the people. In that year through the efforts of the late 
Charles Hemingway, then a member of the House of As- 
sembly from Passaic County, the charter of the Laurel 
Grove Cemetery Company was granted by the Legislature 
anil in it the following gentlemen were named as incorpo- 
rators : John II. Hindle, Hiram Gould, Albert A. Van 
Voorhies, Joseph R. Baldwin, Alpheus S. Allen. John 
Beaumont, George J. Hopper, Harmon Hockenberry, 
Charles Hemingway, Henry A. Hopper, Garret A. Hobart 
and James W. Ensign. 

The death of Charles Hemingway in January, 1873, 
followed by the panic in the fall of that year, caused 
delay in the formal organizing of the company — and the 
idea of opening another cemetery was allowed to sleep 
until the summer of iSSj. The deplorable condition of 
the Sandy Hill Cemeteries was then brought to public 
notice by the reports of the Paterson Board of Health. 
There was a strong public demand for another cemetery 
-where lots could be purchased by people of moderate 
means at reasonable prices. Through the instrumentality 
of Mr. James A. Morrissc a sufficient amount of monej 
was subscribed by several of the leading citizens to enable 
the company to purchase the present site. A meeting of 
the original incorporators was held and those who did not 
desire to take stock in the company resinned and others 
were elected in their stead. 

The company was at once placed on a solid financial 
basis and the work of laying out the grounds was the ab- 
s irbing topic of discussion. It was soon determined that 
the ••Lawn System" should be adopted, and Mr. John V. 
Culyer, who was for twenty years Landscape Engineer 
and Superintendent of Prospect Park. Brooklyn, was sc- 
bcted to take charge of this department and the work that 
he has already done shows that the company made a wise 
selection. 

The cemetery is situated about half-a-mile in a south- 
westerl) direction from the city of Paterson and contains 
about [30 acres of land. It has the Passaic river, the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, and the 
Preakness road for its boundaries an 1 can never be en- 
croached up in by the growth of the surrounding country 
and will never retard development. 

The soil being sand, loam, and gravel is admirably 
adapted for burial purposes. 

The general contour of the ground is such that on in- 
spection one cannot but lie charmed with the work of 
nature upon it before it was touched by the hand of man. 

The surface ranges from six to one hundred and forty 
feet above the river road and the ascent is so gradual that 
the highest point can lie approached by carriages witli the 
greatest ease. 

Standing on its summit and looking to the northeast you 
behold the city of Paterson. You see her beautiful dwell- 



ings and churches, her large factories and mills, and the 
volume of smoke and steam that you see floating from the 
tops of those lofty chimneys tells you of the activity and 
work that is going on there. On the west we have the 
Preakness mountains and on the south you behold the 
mountains of Orange, Bloomfield and Montclair; and you 
behold the Passaic river quietly following its winding 
course through the beautiful valley, hastening on toward 
the bus) city to do its part in perpetuating the union of 
the spindle and the loom. Thus, far removed from activ- 
ity and noise, you are in a position to appreciate the 
beauty that surrounds this spot as well as the place itself. 

Here may be found quiet woods, smooth lawns and 
sh idy avenues moulded together by the hand of nature 
and man into one lovely natural park, alike a lit resort 
<>f recreation for the living and holy resting place for the 
dead. 

The beautiful and ornamental lake in the centre sur- 
rounded as it is by a grove and fragrant flowers make it 
one of the most attractive scenes in the whole place. 

Another charming spot is the island in the centre of the 
river, which is to be connected with the main cemetery 
".rounds by abridge, anil this with the other timbered parts 
being supplied with settees will afford a pleasant retreat to 
persons who desire to spend a few hours in the country air. 

The cemetery is so far removed from the centre of the 
city as to render it free from all the dangers of encroach- 
ment to which most cemeteries King in the immediate 
suburbs of large cities are liable: while the fact that the 
Paterson horse cars will run continuously to and from the 
grounds will render it easy of access for our patrons. In 
the sum ner months steamboats will ply between the cem- 
etery and the Great Falls of Passaic. 

Already over three miles of road have been constructed 
in the grounds and most of it macadamized. And the 
large number of daily visitors show how these drives are 
appreciated by the people. Large sewers have also been 
built to protect the grounds from destruction by surface 
water and heavy rains. 

A commodious receiving vault with all the modern im- 
provements and a handsome brown stone entrance lodge 
containing reception rooms and offices have also been 
erected on the premises. 

In furtherance of the ••Lawn System" all lot enclosures 
are absolutely prohibited. Their absence makes it possi- 
ble to secure what their presence would not permit of. an 
absolute neatness and order in the appearance of the lots 
by a free and continuous use of the scythe and lawn- 
mower: moreover where posts or copings exist, t lie re must 
always abound around them, in a greater or less decree, a 
growth of weeds and briars. This evil thus is obvi- 
ated. 

Again: The appearance of the cemetery as a whole is 
much more pleasing, where enclosures do not exist. The 
superiority of a clean shaven expanse of lawn broken only 
by paths, trees and monuments, over that of grounds cov- 



102 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



civil w ith railings and other enclosures in \ arious slam"- of 
decay, requires no sophistr) to make manifest. 

Experience, too, lias demonstrated that even where the 
greatest vigilance is exercised, lot enclosures speedil) be- 
come dilapidated. Atmospheric influences invariably pro- 
duce this result. Ami as the expense incidental to the 
maintenance of these enclosures is verj considerable, the 
result being worse than useless, the monej so expended 
might better have been thrown away. ["he popular beliel 
thai lots are safer, if enclosed, while ii ma) be well found- 
ed in the case of some isolated burial places, has no appli- 
cation in the case of this cemetery, which will be carefully 
guarded and whose interior arrangements will be super- 
vised and administered b) the cemetery authorities them- 
seh es. 

Ii would be impossible, under the system the directors 
have adopted, for anything resembling what lot owners re- 
gard as intrusion on their lots to occur: but even we're this 
possible, it is very certain thai neither copings nor fences 
would afford any real protection. 

The entire cemeter} will thus appear as one vast rolling 
sea of lawn, unmarred by an) of the monstrous designs or 
gloom} walls or railings winch make so many burial 
grounds objects of horror, when contemplated as our final 
resting place. Provisions have been made for the careful 
cutting of the grass on all lots with lawn mowers, to per- 
forin which a force of workmen will be organized, and 

it will he unnecessary for lot owners to make an) expend- 
iture of money for the care of the grass upon their lots. 

The compan) provide and spread on the lot at all fun- 
erals heav) matting to protect the friendsat the grave from 
the dampness of the ground; a temporal") tent is also 
erected to shelter persons from the storms or wind or the 

hot sun in summer, and the grounds are carefull) guarded 
day and night. 



The situation along the line of the Delaware, Lacka- 
wanna and Western railroad is an important feature he- 
cause of the opportunity which it affords to residents of 

New York, |eise\ City and llohoken to secure a suitable 

burial place at a moderate price in such a beautiful spot. 
saving to them too ureal an expense and trouble to which they 
now have io go to reach Greenwood and oilier local ceme- 
lei ies. 

A station has been erected on the grounds and fum ral 
are met by the hearse provided b) the company to conve) 
the remains to the plot for interment. 

The compan) commenced selling lots in April, [888, 
and since that time two hundred and twenty-five lots have 
been sold. Se\ eral splendid monuments ha\ e already been 

elected. The ceuieter\ was formally dedicated on Memor- 
ial Day, Mac 30, 1890 — and the following gentlemen took 
part in the exercises: — Rev. Charles I). Shaw. I). I).. 
Rev. David Magie, I). D. ; Rev. J. C.Jackson. Rev. \. 
II. Van Arsdale, I). 1). Mr. Francis C. Van Dyk read a 

historical sketch of the company and Col. Joseph W. 

Congdon delivered the dedicatory oration. The music 
was turuished by Cappa's Seventh regiment hand of New 
York and the singing was by achorus from the class ,>f\,i 
ol" the Paterson High school — under the direction of Mr. 
Charles C. Kin- and W. M. Dufford. 

The officers of the company are as follows: — President. 

James \V. Ensign; vice president. Francis C. Van Dyk; 
treasurer. George C. Mason: secretary, Michael Dunn. 
Directors: — William T. Rvle. Hiram Gould, James A. 
Morrisse, George C. Mason, Francis C. Van D\k. James 
W. Ensign, John Norwood, James O'Shea, John R. 
Beam, Michael Dunn: clerk. Charles C. King; superin- 
tendent. M. M. Brunner — office 293 Main street, Pat- 
erson. 




Building - and Loan Associations. 



-s 



By Mr. SIDNEY FARRAR, Secretary of the Paterson and Union B. & L. Associations. 




j&,HEX Adam and Eve found themselves shut 
out of Eden, alone in the wide, wide world, 
houseless and homeless, they must have fully 
realized three conditions of existence from which 
not one of their countless descendants has ever 
since been free. That is to sav : We must 
have fond to eat, clothing to wear and a place of shelter in 
which to rest and sleep. In short, we must have a home. 
Man. the noblest of God's creatures on the earth in his 
maturity and strength, is also the most helpless in his in- 
fancy, but man's necessity lias always proved his best op- 
portunity and has furnished him with the highest incen- 
tives to provide for those dependent on him not only suf. 
ficiently but abundantly, and his faculties thus industriously 
developed have taught him to have faith in himself, to 
believe that there is nothing that is impossible, for what 
one man cannot accomplish alone a greater number can 
do and do easily. And how natural it is. to turn to our 
friends in time of need or danger. Indeed nothing could l>c 
more natural than the transition from self-reliance to 
mutual-helpfulness, or as we sometimes call it "co-opera- 
tion." nor more beneficial to society when rightly directed. 
And its possible applications are almost boundless. One of 
its familiar forms is the well known building and loan 
associations, which have found so much favor and gained 
so much in public esteem for the great amount of good 
they have done, and will undoubtedly continue to do. 

These institutions have long been in successful opera- 
tion both in England and in this country, notably here in 
the city of Philadelphia, whence they have been copied 
and imitated far and wide. While the individual associa- 
tions differ so much in minor details that scarce!) two are 
exactly alike: yet they all agree in the fundamental princi- 
ples of mutual interest and mutual benefits to all the mem- 
bers; this remark applies to all such societies as are or- 
ganized and operated strictly as local associations. 

The Legislature of this Slate early took note of the use- 
ful character of mutual, loan, homestead, and building as- 



sociations, and has always dealt with them in a most lib- 
eral manner. 

The starting point then in the formation of a building 
and loan association is this knowledge of men's physical 
necessities already alluded to, and of his ability to pro\ ide 
for and overcome them by the co-operation or union of in- 
telligent people, united together by the strong ties of 
mutual interest and mutual help, drilled and trained to 
perform systematically, of their own good freewill, certain 
duties within a specified time, in order to secure for them- 
selves and each other the reward — a home, or its equiva- 
lent in money. The logical result with good careful man- 
agement is guaranteed success, tor a genuine association 
has no buncombe about it: it has no land to sell, no par- 
ticular style of house to build, and no pet contractor to 
back. It deals in money as its article of merchandise, 
making itself the banker and investor lor its members, and 
has no other object than to obtain the best possible result 
for each and every one, to help each member in turn ac- 
cording to his particular need to the utmost of its ability, 
and no! expecting to lie too much thanked for doing it. 
A tew common sense principles are observed and the) 7 are 
as true as they are useful. 

The Association deals in money, and the original law 
still holds good: "And God said, let everything bring 
forth after his own kind." Later it was said, "Whatso- 
ever ye sow that shall ye also reap," and we hear in our 
own times "money makes money," and ■•time is money." 
The Association understands that it takes time to make 
money, that it is necessary to sow money if we expect to 
reap money, and that we must sow liberall) if we 
expect to reap abundantl) : but while the Association 
holds out no prospect of giving something for noth- 
ing it has been demonstrated even here that the sys- 
tem is eminently equitable, entirely practical and has been 
found to be thoroughl) successful. It is considered as an 
ever) day fact that the proper rent of a house will buy it 
in ten years. Now if this is true any s\ stem that will en- 



104 



PATF.KSOX, ILLUSTRATED. 



able tin- tenanl to become the owner in ten years to turn 
his renl into the purchase money for the house, and thus 
virtually enable him to make a present of the house to 
himself, and do this fustlj too to the former landlord, must 
be "a good thing" nol only for the buyer, but also for the 
seller, for he gets 1 1 i -- lull price, and the community has 
gained another responsible citizen. 

WHA'I IS \ Ml II VI. II 1 1 in so \\l> LOAN ASSOCIATION? 

As we have them in Paterson an\ convenient number of 
persons associated together for that purpose under the 
laws of the State of New Jersey, by Mich name as they 
may select, who after adopting a constitution and by-laws 
and executing a certificate to be filed with the County 
Clerk, setting forth their corporate name and the objects 
of the Association, proceed to elect their proper officers, 
usually a president, vice president, treasurer, secretary, 
a board of directors, auditors, and solicitor, and then pro- 
ceed to business. Now suppose we illustrate the working 
of an Association by joining one. Let us suppose that we 
cniei in January; we find the secretary and inform him 
that we have elected ourselves to membership. We will 
take out one -hare and pay him the admission fee. also we 
pay him one dollar for monthly dins for January and pro- 
vide that on in before a certain day in February we will 
pav another dollar, and so continue to pay one dollar per 
month until the money we have thus paid to the Associa- 
tion and the profits made cm all such payments 1>\ the 
Association shall amount to the sum of $200; then it is 
agreed that our membership so far as thai one share is 
com erned shall cease, or in other words, that we shall be 
paid the two hundred dollars, unless we have previously 
withdrawn, which we can always do if needful. So it is 
plain that we have made up our minds to save two hun- 
dred dollar-, and it' we are trying to do that then it is our 
privilege to borrow two hundred dollars for every share 
we hold, provided we can give good security — that is a bond 
and mortgage on a house and lot or on a lot on which we 
will forthwith build a house; of course we cannot build a 

house foi two hundred dollars — hut we can take out some 

more shares foi they are all alike, say nine more shares, 

and then we can borrow two thousand dollars and that 
will build us a good house; the secretary tells us if we 
take tell shares and borrow two thousand dollars, we will 
have to pay ten dollars a month mi our shares and another 
ten dollars per month as interest at si\ per cent, on the 

two thousand dollars we have borrowed; that will be all 

1 lor the rent of the house will he si 1 1 lie ie 11 1 to pay that ; 

the taxes, insurance, and the wear and tear we can look 

ourselves, for we feel sure the property will more 

than offset that cost in the increased valuation; besides 

the w 1 ai and lear w ill not anion ill to much lor it is our own 
hou-e and we shall not only lake good care of it. lull even 
improve it constantly from year to year. We learn also 
from the constitution that we have the privilege to pay oil' 

tin- principal of our debt at any time. Even so small a 

sum as .me dollar will be cheerfully received and the in- 



terest at once cease on all such payments ol' the principal ; 
that certaii l\ is a great privilege, but then the Association 
can always use its money to advantage, lor about one 
member in every lour becomes sooner or later a borrower. 
so there is always a good demand lor money even in dull 
times, for if the members do not waul to borrow money to 

buy land and build houses, they want il to live on or for 
other purposes. So the -upplv and the demand kei p ah. ml 
e\ eu pace w ilh each Other. 

All that seems simple enough ; we can take out shan 

and save up mono if we do not wish to borrow — and 
when we wish to borrow we shall be qualified I" do so, 
and when we want to take our money out all we have to 
do is |o ask lor it and we shall get it. Ihe Association is 
established tor our benefit, and all we have to do i- to 
make use of it in the most serviceable manner. 

We learn also to be punctual in our payments as well as 
thrifty and saving, for if we are late in paying our monthly 
dues and interest we are liable to a line: but we will not 
be lined because we will take good care to pay in good 
time. Sometimes a member who has been diligently sav- 
ing" his money happens to get sick, or mil of work or 
wants to buy a lot or something else, ami so he need- oi 
thinks he needs money. Such a member can either ex- 
change his shares tor those of a later series or he can bor- 
row" as much on his book as be has paid in as dues with- 
out any other security than his book, or he can withdraw 
his money altogether with interest to date and full profits up 
to the end of the preceedillg year; if he elects to exchange 
In- -hares [lie admission fees are saved to him. So his 
money is always at his command whenever he needs it. 
and thousand- of dollars are paid out every month in this 
manner. In short the building and loan association is a 
sort of wholesale dealer in bonds and mortgages, a firm of 
unlimited membership on equal terms and conditions, 
where the lending member can pav in his money from 
month to month, and know to a certainty" that it is safely 
invested, and where he will be able to get it whenever he 
happen- to need it. 

These associations have now been established here 
nearly twelve years. The Paterson Mutual Building and 
Loan Association was instituted November 1 ph. 1S7S, 

and although its progress at first was slow, vet it- business 

was so equitably conducted, and the business forms adop- 
ted so weli suited to its special work thai it has served as 
Ihe model for at least a dozen others in Pater-on and else- 
where. In the high character of it- various boards ol' di- 
rectors, and other Officers, it has been most fortunate, and 

their careful and discreet management of its affairs is 
amply attested by an examination ol it- books of account, 

by which we learn that the gross amount received up to 

June 1. ['890, has amounted to $725,323.32; its present 
membership is s<k> persons holding 3,525 shares of the 
various series; more than three times as many shares have 

been paid oil' since its organization. 

A direct offshoot of the Paterson Mutual Building and 

Loan Association was organized November 14, [8S2, 



PATERS ON, ILLUSTRATED. 



105 



under the name of the Union Mutual Building and Loan 
Association, and aided by the experience gained by its 
projectors in the parent body, this Association has made 
notable progress. Its books show a present membership 
of 1,900 persons holding [3,296 shares of all series, and 
its gross receipts up to June 1. [890, amount to $1,141,- 
815.45; the gross receipts of these two associations com- 
bined amount to $1,867,138.77- Their combined efforts 
are represented by about eight hundred houses built and 
building, besides being of great assistance to thousands of 
members in money, loans, and many other ways, espec- 
ially in the correction of imperfect titles, advice, &c. 
There are also established in the city many other sturdy 
and vigorous building and loan associations : The Mechan- 
ics, The Celtic. The Iron and .Silk, The People's, The 
Riverside, The Provident, &c, &c, and from trustworthy 
information they are all doing a most prosperous and sat- 
isfactory business. Undoubtedly this notice would be 
quite incomplete if we omitted to speak of the kindness of 
the press of this citv towards this movement at all times 



and under all circumstances. The public press recogniz- 
ing that building and loan associations properly conducted 
materially increase the prosperity of a city, has been the 
stalwart friend of the building associations. 

We think then this record needs no further comment; 
the work these associations have done for our citv is there- 
to be seen and judged by all men who will take the pains to 
examine it; that it has been sound needs no further proof 
than that we never hear of any foreclosures or law suits or 
matters of that character wherein any of the various asso- 
ciations appear either as plaintiff or defendant; on the 
contrary this principle, mutual co-operation, so simple, si , 
efficient and so beneficial, has proved itself so excellent in 
actual practice that it is copied not only in our own city, 
more and more, but all the surrounding towns and villages 
are anxious to secure the same benefits for themselves. 
Passaic, Hackensack, Ridgewood, Little Falls, Haledon, 
and Sutlein have flourishing associations ; some also even 
in New York city, being direct results of the original es- 
tablishment of the system here in 1878. 



Telephone Facilities. 




'HE engraving on page 63 represents the switch 
loard of The New York and New Jersey Tel- 
?Z eohone Co. in their central office at J07 Main 
street, Paterson, N. J. 

Nearly 600 subscribers are now connected 
with the Paterson central, and trunk lines 
connect it with other cities. The operators 
answer and connect about 3,500 local calls 
daily, and over 2^0 calls are made each day between 
Paterson and other places. This switch board is one of 
the best in use. The space required to work it is re- 
duced to a minimum, which enables the operators to 
connect subscribers quickly. Electric power is used for 
running a generator to call subscribers. 

It will, undoubtedly, be of interest to give a brief his- 
tory of the telephone business in this city. Work was 
begun to establish a Telephone Exchange here and con- 
nect it with New York City on December 6, 1879, with 
offices in the Clark Building, corner Main and Ellison 
streets. The exchange opened for business on the after- 
noon of December 24, 1S79, with the following list of sub- 
scribers : Paterson Daily Press, Paterson Daily Guardian, 
10 



R. & II. Adams. Phoenix Manufacturing Co.. Post Office, 

Morton Clark. II. J. Garrison, Hamilton House. P. 11. & 
W . C Shields. John Hopper & Son. Chris. Huber. 

A wire was run between Paterson and New York and 
telephonic communication was established with that citv 
December 38, [879. 

In May, [880, the list numbered 14s subscribers. 

During the summer of [SSo work was begun on addi- 
tional trunk lines between Paterson and New York over 
the highway and through Passaic City, where an ol 
was established. This line was finished in time to begin 
business in November, 1S80, with New York, Newark. 
Jersey City and Passaic. 

The telephone business in Paterson then began to grow 
rapidly. In the spring of iSSj a line was built to Boon- 
ton connecting the intermediate villages of Little Falls and 
Mountain View. A line was also extended to Butler. 
Later Wortendvkc. Ridgewood and Haledon were con- 
nected and now there is no suburb of Paterson that cannot 
be reached by telephone. The excellent telephone set i i r; 
rendered between Paterson and Passaic is doing much 1 
brill''- these two cities together. Subscribers in Paterson, 






/ 'A 7 1-RSON, II. 1. 1 STK. 1 1 E I >. 



Passaic and Hackensack have the privilege of talking with 
each other without extra charge. 

In March, [SS5, the New York and New Terse) Tele- 
phone Co. moved into their present commodious quarters 
• 7 Main street and no expense is spared to make the 
service a-- efficient a-- possible. 

During the last two years the long distance service has 

been developed. Manufacturers and others can now gel 

the benefit of this service at a slight advance in price. 

1 subscriber to the long distance telephone ha-- two 

copper wires or a metallic circuit which prevents induc- 



tion in- other noise-- from interfering with conversation. 
Metallic circuit copper wire trunk lines are in use now 
between Paterson and \ew York, and it is no uncommon 
thing t" have a Paterson subscriber call for one in Phila- 
phia, Trenton, Boston, Albanj and other distant points. 

The officers of the New Y"ik and New Terse) Tele- 
phone Co. are: Chas. F. Cutler, president; \\ . I). Sar- 
gent, vice president and general manager; Alexander 
Cameron, treasurer; I . N. Bethell, secretary : fohn C. 
Reilly, general superintendent; II. (i. McCully, Superin- 
tendent X. ). Division; |. I'. Noonan, Managei Paterson 
District. 



Electric Lisrht and Gas. 



& 




HAT Paterson is one "1 the best illuminated 
cities in the country is apparent to any person 

who either takes a walk through the eit\ or 
passes by it on the Delaware. Lackawanna 






& Western railroad, whose tracks are laid 

on the heights skirting the western portion 

. . . . 

of the city. The cil\ authorities and private 

enterprise have been liberal in the supply 

of illumination, and in main portions of the city it is as 

bright at midnight as it is at midday. A glance at the 

establishments which provide the illumination cannot hut 

impress the reader with tin- fact that Paterson need never 
Miller tor want of light. 

The Paterson Electric Light Company. 

This company was organized in May, (88S, hut was in 
existence some time previous to that time. Upon the re- 
inization ncarU all the members of the old companj 
remained and associated themselves with a number of 
practical electricians in the enterprise; among the most 
prominent of whom were: A. M. Young, of Waterbury, 
Conn.; \Y. II. Fuller, of Springfield, Mass., and W. B. 
Hosmer, of Boston. A portion of the stock, however. 

was and is still held in Paterson. The new companv at 

once threw out the old plant, the station being equipped 

with the Amold-Hochhausen s\stem. and adopted the 
Thompson-Houston system of arc and incandescent li 

transmission of power. The power of the old 
plant was furnished l>\ a 250 horse-powet Corliss engine, 
which was supplied hv two boilers of So horse-power 
each. This compan) furnishes the illumination to both of 



the Paterson theatres; it supplies ::u street lights, 130 
commercial arc lights, |.ooo incandescent lights, and will 
shortly add to these SoO incandescent lights which are to 
displace the present street lamps, now burning oil 
throughout the city. It is now the intention of the com- 
panv to add to its plant one 200 horse-power boiler to 
meet the demands for power that will he required hv the 
addition of the city's new lights. It also supplies power 
to a large number of Perret Motors running ventilating 
apparatus, coffee and spice mill-, ice cream freezers, etc. 
The first incandescent lights were furnished lulv |. tSSS, 
when the city was wired for about [,600 lights. The old 

compan} were supplying 101 arc lights, 6S citv street 
lights and no incandescent lights at the date of the reor- 
ganization. The companv occupies a substantial brick 

building on Railroad avenue of two stories, and this is 

fitted up in the mosl approved manner with all the latest 

improved means and appliances known to electrical sci- 
ence as applied to illumination and the transmission of 
power. The switch-hoard, especially, is a marvel in its 
wav. and is said to he one of the very finest in the country. 
'fhe capital of this companv is $300,000. The officers 
are: Eugene Stevenson, president ; |ohn Norwood, v ice 
president; T. Y. Rhine, treasurer: John F. Noonan, sec- 
retary; James A. Heagan, manager; R. S. Breed, super- 
intendent. 

The companv has at present live boilers of one hundred 
and lil'tv horse-power each and three of eighty horse- 
power each, a total of about one thousand horse-power. 

It his a Corliss engine of two hundred horse-power and 
Ball engines of a hundred horse-power each. It has 



PA TERSON, IL L US TRA TED. 



107 



ten dynamos for incandescent lighting, each having a ca- 
pacity of five hundred sixteen candle power lamps: eight 
dynamos for fifty arc lights 1>\ the Thompson-Houston 
system and one dynamo for incandescent street lightning 
having a capacity of sixteen hundred lamps of sixteen can- 
dle [lower each. 

The Edison Electric Illuminating Company. 

This company was organized in the late Summer of 
iSSS, and commenced operations in November of the same 
year.. At the present date the station, which is located in 
Paterson street, in the handsome building formerly occu- 
pied by the Weidmann Silk Dyeing Company as offices 
and for other purposes, supplies the current to about 5.S00 
incandescent lamps and about So arc lights, the latter being 
mainly for commercial and manufacturing purposes. At 
the very outset the plant was laid for 15.000 incandescent 
lights, involving the laying of about 6 miles of underground 
tubing and the use of eighteen miles of heavy copper con- 
ductors. The present steam plant has a capacity of 600 
horse power. The station, together with its equipment 
throughout, is one of the finest in the State, and has few 
superiors anywhere. All the dynamo regulators, dynamo 
switches, equalizers, indicators, etc.. are grouped in a spa- 
cious gallery at one end of the engine room. The system, 
which can be readily expanded to keep pace with all the 
requirements of the growing city and its numerous, rapidly 
developing suburbs, extends to the far east side, the choic- 
est portion for residence, where it has been introduced into 
many of the modern homes of prominent manufacturers 
and others, and also through all the principal business and 
manufacturing sections. 

'fhe immense advantage of electricity as a motive power, 
as compared to steam, is that it is "always there " twenty- 
four hours of the day, while many of those, especially the 
smaller manufacturers, who lease space and power find 
their power cut off" when they desire to work overtime. It 
is also very inexpensive, taking all things into considera- 
tion. Many isolated plants have been sold and installed by 
this company in outlying mills, including those of Jacob 
Walder, C. E. Meding, the New York Ribbon Company, 
Jacob Frisch, P. & I. Bannigan and others. The capital 
is $^oo,oco. The direction is in the hands of representa- 
tive citizens and the management is entrusted to a practi- 
cal and experienced electrician, Mr. William M. Brock, 
who is destined, beyond a doubt, to leave his impress on 
the electrical history of the city of his adoption. The 
Board of Directors is composed of William T. Rvlc, pres- 
ident; William Strange, vice president; Arthur Kyle, 
treasurer; William M. Block, secretary and general man- 



ager; Boetius Murphy, Jacob Walder and Charles Dan- 
forth. 

T' e company has a boiler capacity of six hundred horse 
power with six engines aggregating eight hundred horse 
power. It has eight Edison dynamos with a total capacity 
of sixty-four hundred lamps of sixteen candle power each 
and two dynamos for arc lighting to supply fifty Sperry 
lights. This capacity will lie increased during the present 
summer by the addition of one three hundred horse power 
boiler, one one hundred anil eighty horse power engine and 
two large Edison dynamos. The company at present sup- 
plies power to the following establishments: — Machinists' 
Association, twenty horse power; Cooke Locomotive 
Works, fifteen horsepower: Press Printing and Publishing 
Company, ten horse power; Call Printing and Publishing 
Company, seven and a hall' horse power; the Broomhead 
mill, one of ten horse power and one ol five horse power: 
Rettger & Allen silk mill, ten horse power : Paterson Reed 
& Harness company, seven and a half horse power: D. 
Lindsay, live horse power; Hand & McGuinness, three 
horsepower. Halliwell & DeBaun, two horse power; it 
also supplies a large number of smaller sizes running ice 
cream freezers, coffee grinders, meatchoppers, fans, church 
organs, ecc. 

The United Gas Improvement Company. 

(ias was first supplied to consumers by the Paterson (i;is 
Light Company in 1848. In 1SS0 the People's Gas Light 
Company began operations. In 1882 the management of 
both of these concerns was assumed by the United (>as Im- 
provement Company, of Philadelphia, who now furnish 
the entire gas supply. The United Gas Improvement 
Company claim to control the newest and best methods of 
gas making. As they also operate other gas works in 
many cities and towns throughout the country, they have 
been able to bring to their business in Paterson the best re- 
sults in their line of modern theory and practice. The 
works are kept up to the best standards and careful atten- 
tion given to meeting the needs of consumers. The satis- 
factory service rendered has resulted in increased business, 
although the introduction of the electric light has caused a 
brisk competition in public and private lighting In addi- 
tion to its use for illumination, gas is largely consumed in 
Paterson for domestic cooking and heating, gas stoves be- 
ing sold by the company at cost or rented by the month. 
It is also used by many of the mills in their silk finishing 
processes, by the locomotive works for heating tires, by 
laundrymen and tailors for heating irons and. in vai 
ways, for other purposes. The gas works management is 
a liberal one and aims to so serve old patrons and welcome 
new ones that its operations may tend to the growth and de- 
velopment of the city. 



Real Estate. 




rte\ S the object of this publication is the adver- 
tisement of Paterson as a plai e foi manufactur- 
ng and residence it would be no more than 
proper that something be said indicating to 
persons desiring to locate to what source-- ap- 
plication may be made for real estate in this 
v. city. 

THE SOCIETY'S I.AM) COMPANY. 

The Society's Land Company was incorpo- 
rated in 1SS7 for the purpose of holding, improving and 
selling tin- lands belonging to the estate of the late Koswell 
L. Colt. The Societ) for Establishing Useful Manufac- 
tures at one time owned nearly all the land lying in the cor- 
porate limits of the city of Paterson : from this source Mr. 
Colt obtained large tracts of property and the Society's 
Land Company to-day owns real estate in every ward ot 
Paterson, with one exception. It has property suitable for 
manufacturing as well as lor residence and it oilers this 
property at a moderate price and on easy terms. The title 
to all its property is perfect, dating back to the last cen- 
tury. The olliceis of tlie company are the following: Ex- 
Governor foseph I). Bedle, president; William Penning- 
ton, treasurer ; Richard Rossiter, secretar} : Morgan G. 
Colt and DeGrasse 1>. Fowler, directors. 

THE COLT LA \ 1> C IMPAN1 . 
The Coh Land Compaiv} was organized for tin- purpose 
of developing Colt's Mill, a valuable tract of real estate ly- 
ing in the centre of the city, which on account of its bulk 
had not attracted investors before, the owners objecting to 
disposing of it in parcels. The existence of this unim- 
proved property ha-- been a hinderance to tin- extension of 
laisinrss towards the upper part of Main street : now that 
it has hecn thrown into the market and portions already 
sild for business purposes its value will continually en- 
hance. The Main street front of tin- property will In- de- 
voted to business houses ; the easterly side of the property 
is most desirable for residences The company was incor- 

ted in May. 1890. The following are the officers: — 
President, [ohn \i Lee: vice president, Peter Quacken- 
bush ! 1 mssl, Ji >hn K. Beam : 

manager, James Crooks; secretary, Richard Rossiter; 
board of directors: -John K. Lee, I'd.! Quad 

: K. Beam, fames Jackson, lames C. Hinchliffe, Sam 



uel Nathan, C E. MacChesney, Alfred A. Van Hoven- 
berg, James Crooks, George \V. Pollitt, Henry Cowan, 

Christian Mennel. Alfred Ilcalv. Jacob Walder, Robert I. 
1 lopper. 

THE CEDAIi CLIFF LAND COMPANY. 

The Cedar Cliff Land Company owns a large tract ot 
real estate lying in Manchester township on the northern 

boundary of the city ofPaterson Lor a distance of several 
thousand feet north of the boundary line the ground here is 
level ; this level plain at one time was used for cricket and 
other hill games but the match of improvement found bet- 
ter use for it. At the present day the plain is divided into 
blocks with regularly laid out and graded streets and ave- 
nue--. Through the property runs the Oldham brook, fur- 
nishing a never failing supple ol water. Several mills 
and a considerable number of res have already 

keen erected and the property is in constant and active de- 
mand. At the northern line of the plain the property rises 
into the Preakness hills and presents some of the most 
beautiful scenery in the State. A number of years ago it 
was laid out into villa siu-s ami roads were constructed 
through every portion of the property. A tine view ot the 
city of Paterson can he obtained from almost any point on 
this part of the property. The ground is wall shaded by 
stately trees and springs of the puresl water abound. No 
lovelier site could he selected for a residence. The officers 
of the company are: — Robert Barbour, president; F. C. 
Van Dyk, vice president; Garret A. Hobart, treasurer; 
James A. Morrisse, secretary and agent. 

I III ( II I. S INI I II II. I. LAND COMPANY . 

The Chestnut Hill Land Company owns most of the real 
estate bounded 1>\ tin- Passaic river. East Thirty-third 

sired and Broadway, a section ot the city which is not sur- 
passed by any in beauty of scener) and advantage of l< 
tion. So attractive i- the property that a committee of cit- 
izens appointed at a public meeting held a number ol \ ears 
ago unanimously recommended the purchase of the prop- 
erty to 1 . 1 public park. Other counsels, however, prevailed 
and the city purchased the property on the opposite 

side of Broadway, thus materially enhancing the value of 
the Chestnut Hill property tor residences. Broadwaj is 
the finest residence Street in the city and that part of the 

i i stnut Hill Land Company's property fronting on 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



109 



Broadway will in the near future be occupied by stately 
residences. To the north of Broadway the land slopes 
gently to the river, presenting a succession of beautiful 
lawns and groves. Fine river and woodland scenery and 
views reaching many miles may be enjoyed from almost 
any point on this property. Of late years the more costly 
resiliences have been attracted to this section of the city ; 
the property of the company accordingly offers every ad- 
vantage for an investment, as the river forms the natural 
boundary of the city. The officers of the company are: — 
W. R. Blown, president; Garret A. Hobart and John \V. 
Griggs, counsel : R. M. Ekings, agent. 

GLEN WOOD. 

The magnificent scenery surrounding Paterson has at- 
tracted thither a large number of residents, most of whom 
remain all the year, only a few seeking a metropolitan 
home during the cold weather. The demand for houses 
in the suburbs has always exceeded the supply ami not a 
year passes but a large number of country homes are 
erected Taking advantage of this fact Mr. Thomas M. 
Ryle with admirable and characteristic judgment some 
time ago purchased forty-two acres lying along the banks 
of the Passaic river, a short distance below the magnifi- 
cent Little Falls of the Passaic The location of the 
ground — portions of which are shown in illustrations on 
another page — was admirably adapted for summer resili- 
ences Mr. Ryle at once laid out a number of drives and 
soon had the grounds in a condition that left nothing to be 
desired. A music hall was erected and grounds laid out 
for tennis courts, quoi ting and other outdoor sports; the 
halt mile frontage on the Passaic provided ample oppor- 
tunity for boating and angling. Mr. Ryle has erected a 
number of cottages and these were rented long before they 
were completed. Mr. Kyle's intention was to provide a 
certain number of cottages, feeling confident that their at- 
tractiveness would ensure tenants; he did not have to wait 
until the cottages were completed and he was compelled 
to change his plans and erect cottages for those who were 
ready to move into them Cottages are consequently erec- 
ted to order. All modern conveniences, gas and water 
included, are to be found at Glenwood or Ryle Park, a 
prettier place than which cannot be found in Passaic 
County. 

THE DOREMUS FARM. 

The old Doremus farm, lying on Totowa, in the Second 
Ward of Paterson, a few minutes' walk from the Passaic 
Falls, and within six or eight minutes' walk of the West 
street bridge across the river, comprises a tract of between 
sixteen and seventeen acres. King on a gentle slope afford- 
ing the best drainage into the Oldham brook, while it is 
so near to the main sewer in Union avenue diat the prop- 
erty can be readily drained in that direction also, as soon 
as it is sufficiently built up to require sewers. The tract 
extends from Red Woods avenue on the west to Marion 
street on the east, and from near Crosby avenue on the 
south to the Oldham brook on the north It is intersected 



by Crosby avenue and Doremus street, running east and 
west, and by Jasper and Kearny streets running north and 
south. The highest ground is not more than three or four 
feet above the established grades of the streets, while the 
lowest is but a foot or two below grade. Consequently, 
purchasers of lots on the tract have the assurance that they 
will not be injured by the grading of the streets In fact, 
the lots fronting on Jasper, Kearny and Doremus streets, 
as well as those on Red Woods avenue and Marion street, 
with a few exceptions are substantially at grade now. 
One fact of great importance regards the title of this prop- 
erty. Workingmen do not care to expend large sums in 
the making of searches into the title of the lots they buy. 
In the case of this land there is the satisfaction of knowing 
that it has been in the possession of the Doremus family 
for nearly sixty years, being one of the oldest farms in the 
county. The members and representatives of the Doremus 
family organized The Doremus Land Improvement Com- 
pany on January 15, 1S90, and conveyed the property to 
the new corporation, which immediately took steps to put 
the land on the market. The success that followed this 
move has been one of the most remarkable phenomena in 
Paterson real estate enterprises. Within six months 
upwards ot one hundred lots had been sold, or about one- 
half of the entire tract. In the place of an old thirty-foot 
lane the company laid out Doremus street, fifty feet wide, 
^j^ leet north of Crosby avenue, which they intend to 
grade during the summer of 1S90. Nearly every lot south 
of Doremus street has been sold. Some of the most desir- 
able lots are still unsold, lying north of Doremus street. 
The land is so desirable for residences that the company 
early adopted the policy of insisting upon three restrictions 
with all purchasers of lots: First, to prevent the obstruc- 
tion of sidewalks by front stoops, and to give the streets a 
broader appearance, which would also allow of the growth 
of shade trees, it was decided to require all buildings to be 
set back six feet from the street line. Second, it is requir- 
ed that no nuisances of any kind shall be erected or main- 
tained on the property sold. Third, it is provided that the 
land sold shall not be used for the sale or manufacture of 
intoxicating liquors. All three of these restrictions have 
proved exceedingly popular with buyers, who thereby are 
assured that their property will not be impaired in value 
by objectionable trades or business, and that they virtually 
secure a street sixty-two feet wade instead of fifty. In 
view of the difficulty and expense often attending the mak- 
ing of searches of titles, the company has caused a most 
exhaustive search to be made, tracing the title to this tract 
from King Charles II.. of England, in ii»,| down to the 
date of the conveyance to The Doremus Land Improve- 
ment Company in lo<,0. 'Ibis search was prepared by 
William Nelson, whose familiarity with ancient land titles 
is b yond dispute, and it has been verified by Jacob II. 
Blauvelt, the most experienced searcher of titles in Pater- 
son. and by the County Clerk. The company has had this 
search printed, and furnishes a copy to even purchaser of 
a lot on the tract This is the first instance in Paterson 



I 10 



/ ',1 7 EKSl W, IL I. ( r STRA TED. 



where this has been done. Lots are sold on the easiest 
possible terms. Upon the payment of ten dollars per lot 
the company executes a contracl of sale, permitting 
pun haser to paj the balance in instalments of from five to 
ten dollars and upwards per month: when one-third is 
paid, the purchaser may take a deed and give a mortgage 
for the purchase money. No advantage is taken where a 
man gets out of work, or falls ill, or from other cause is 
unable to meet his payments promptly. So long as the 
interest is kept up the company is satisfied to allow a man 
the most ample time to pay the principal. In every way 
company seeks to promote the kindliest feeling 

between itself and its purchasers and the result has been 
most happy. The juices ot lots range from $125 to $300, 

at everybody can he suited. Most of the kits are held 
at Sjoo each. Coiner lots are $300, anil kits next to the 
cornel $JsO eacli The officers ot the company ate: 
President, Frank I). Vreeland, M. D.. 91 Bridge street: 
Secretary ami Treasurer, William Nelson, 174 Market 

:. Paterson. 



Jacob V. Ackerman is one ot the best known citizens of 

Paterson. He was born in the Fourth Ward of Paterson 
on February s. 1839, and he not only liked Paterson so 
well that he has ever since lived in it, but he has remained 
true to the Fourth Ward, never having taken up his resi- 
dence outside of its limits. His education was obtained at 
ite schools and early in his life he was employed in his 
father's shoe store on Main street, near Broadway. At 
twenty years of age he went into partnership with his 
brother under the firm name of Ackerman Brothers in the 
shoe business at No. 1 -o Market street : the firm for a long 
time had the monopoly of the finest grades of gentleman's 
footwear which, in order to ensure quality and durability. 
they manufactured themselves. The first English blockade 
runner, the "Peterhoof," captured by the Union forces, was 
laden with fine shoes and boots; Mr. Ackerman sold one- 
third of its cargo having acquired it by purchase from a 
Jersej Cite firm. Mr. Ackerman subsequently establish- 
ed the shoe business for himself in Main street and there 
did a successful business until in 187^ when he went into 
the business ot teal estate and money broker and fire insur- 
ance agent. The success which attended him in mercan- 
tile life followed him in the new vocation anil he soon rose 
to the first rank among the men engaged in the business la- 
had selected for himself. He has in his hands a great deal 
of valuable real estate in all parts ot the city; his genial 
disposition makes him a pleasant man to deal with and his 
character for honesty and fair dealing attract to his office 
capitalists who desire to invest funds without having the 
time to closely scrutini taracter of the investment. 

[AMES (.;;•', iks was born in Bury, Lancashire. England, 
April nth, 1S36. He came to this country in June, 1 >s 1 . 
and settled in Paterson in the following year, lie served 
an apprenticeship in the Rogers' Locomotive Works, but 
in l.So) started in the real estate business to which he has 



since devoted his attention. He located at Totowa. and 
was the first to develop that section of the city. He was 
always a firm believer in wide streets, and it was due to 

his influence and work in [S66 that Market strict. Broad- 
way and a number of other thoroughfares were char 
from narrow country roads to pleasant, wide streets For 
live years at an expense of $10,000 he ran the first free 
library and reading room in Paterson. He purchased 
from Mr. Thomas 1). Hoxsey the charter of the Cedar 
Cliff Cemetery Company, and after securing an amend- 
ment thereto by the Legislature founded the Cedar Lawn 
Cemetery Company. He secured the charter for the Pat- 
erson & Passaic Horse Railroad Company, and built and 
ran the same at a great loss for many years. Subsequently 
he devoted his attention to developing other portions of the 
city, and was especially instrumental in the development 
of the southern section of the city. In April 1S00. he 
formed the Colt Land Company, thereby throwing open to 
improvement a valuable plot in the centre of the city, anil 
hopes to live long enough to see a Central Park for the 
coming great city of Paterson and Passaic united. 

Col. R. M. EkinGS, the subject of this sketch, who is 
the senior member of R M. Ekings & Company, is of 
Scotch parentage, and was born near the City of Edin- 
burgh. Scotland, in the year 1S39. About the year :Sj<) 
the family came to the United States. At the breaking out 
of the war Mr. Ekings had just completed his education 
and at the nation's call for help he with two brothers en- 
listed in the service. He was enrolled as private in Com- 
pany I. Twenty-third X. J. Vol. Infantry, and remained 
in the service nearly four years : part of the time he was at- 
tached to the First Newjersey Brigade and subsequently 
to the armies of the west and southwest, with which dur- 
ing that time he took an active part in many of the '41 eat 
engagements that have made those armies famous in his- 
tory. For valiant and faithful service in the field he was 
promoted from the ranks, through the grades of Lieutenant 
Captain. Major and Lieut. Colonel. During the winter 
of [S63 and the spring of [864, Col. Ekings was in com- 
mand of the Post of Island Xo. 10. on the Mississippi 
river, ami during most of the last vearofhis service lie was 
on the staff of Major-General Kenner Gerrard, first as In- 
spector-General of the First Division. Sixteenth Army 
Corps, and afterward as the Provost Marshal of the south- 
ern district of Alabama. Of the three brothers who enter- 
ed tile service of their country the subject of this sketch was 
the sole survivor. One oi the brothers was an officer in 
the third Xew fersey Infantry : the other was attached to a 
Pennsylvania Regiment. 

After the close of the war Col. Ekings settled in Pater- 
son, engaging in mercantile pursuits until 187^. when he 
began operations in real estate and insurance, and since 
that time has been identified with many of the largest and 
most important transactions in real estate in this vicinity. 
The firm composed of Col. Ekings and Stephen A. Wall 
are engaged in the general real estate and insurance busi- 
ness and are known and recognized throughout this city 



PA TERSON, IL L US TRA TED. 



1 1 1 



and vicinity as one of the most progressive and responsible 
firms in the business. They represent as agents the Aetna, 
Hariford and Phoenix o\ Hartford, the Sun of England, 
Fire Association of Philadelphia and Phoenix ot Brooklyn, 
all old and reliable fire insurance companies: their offices 
are at No. 202 Market street. 

Sidney Farkar was born on October 20, 1832, in the 
parish of Elland, Yorkshiie. England, ami at ten years of 
age accompanied his parents to this country. The family 
at once settled in Paterson, which Mr. Farrar has since 
made his home. After a common school education Mr. 
Farrar went to work in the locomotive shops where he be- 
came a skilled machinist and engineer. Heworked at this 
for twenty-one years, frequently filling positions of trust 
and responsibility. During the war he was in the service 
of the Union nearly two years at Hilton Head, South Car- 
olina, under General Gillmor, being the chief engineer in 
the Quartermaster's department, a position similar to that 
ot master mechanic. As engineer and machinist he had 
occasion to travel a great deal in this country and the bene- 
fits of travel were not thrown away on hi ni. lie was al- 
ways of a quiet and studious disposition and added to the 
■education of his boyhood days a valuable fund of informa- 
tion by special studies and extensive reading which have 
proved of great service to him in his present business In 
1S70 he went into the business of real estate and fire insur- 
ance agent; he was subsequently appointed a notary pub- 
lic and commissioner of deeds and elected u justice of the 
peace. For ten years he was president of the Paterson 
Mutual Building and Loan Association and has since been 
secretary of both this company and the Union Mutual 
Mr. Farrar has always been a Republican in politics and 
has served his party as a member of the Board of Educa- 
tion and also of the Board of Aldermen, of which latter 
body he was president for one term. 

Rev. G. W. I. Landau was born on December 27. 
iS.|6. in Krakau. Galicia. His mother died when he was 
hardly a year old and he spent the early years of his child- 
hood with his grandparents. At ten years of age his 
father, who had remarried, took him to Hungary, and in 
IVsth. the capital of that country, he began bis education. 
His ancestors had been prominent in the preservation of 
the Hebrew faith : his father was a teacher of the Talmud, 
and it was but natural that the principles of the Jewish 
faith were early instilled into the young man. While he- 
was pursuing his studies in Pesth his mind became im- 
pressed by the reformation of orthodox rites at that time 
in progress under the leadership of the renowned Rev. Dr. 
Meisel. Conviction succeeded doubt and when he subse- 
quently returned to Galicia to live with a wealthy aunt. 
he devoted himself to the acquirement of such knowledge 
as would give him a standing in anv community irrespec- 
tive of his religious convictions. He entered a medical 
college where he remained two years, after which he re- 
moved to Vienna, where he completed his medical studies. 
Here he met a schoolmate, who had been converted from 
Judaism, and from him obtained an insight into the princi- 



ples of Christianity. He then went to Berlin, where he 
continued his investigations into the various doctrines of 
theology anil after a long struggle in- concluded to abandon 
the Jewish faith and become a Christian. The disfavor with 
which this determination was received lu his people may 
be well imagined. Disowned, disinherited and persecu- 
ted, he tied his native country and proceeded to London. 
On the 7th of August, 1N70. he was baptized in the Epis- 
copal chapel at Bethuel Green and for some months after- 
wards was a devoted student of theology. With the en- 
thusiam characteristic of a neophyte he concluded to return 
to his own country and study for the ministry. Many 
were the tribulations which he found in his path but these 
only strengthened his determination. Finding himself 
wholly without means he saw himself compelled to accept 
a position as clerk in a bookstore at a salary of ten dollars 
a month. In May, 1S71, lie went to Hamburgh with the 
intention of coming to this country where he resolved to 
continue his theological studies. On June 4. 1S71, he 
arrived in New York, with but one dollar in his posses- 
sion. He found few roses in his patli but his determina- 
tion raised him above all difficulties. He became acquain- 
ted with the Rev. Dr. (i. C. Seibert, Professor of Theology 
at Bloomfield, X. J., and through his influence he entered 
the theological seminary and in 1874 graduated with 
honor. In the summer of that year he received a call 
from the German Reformed churches at Bergen Point 
and Jersey City which he accepted and at which places he 
did a great deal of missionary work. In September lie 
was duly ordained a minister of the gospel. His position 
was anything but an enviable one; his salary was only 
$25 per month. In addition to the hardships which he 
was compelled necessarily to endure he found that his 
hard study and strenuous exertions in the new fields of 
labor could not be stood anv length of time without under- 
mining his health and he was compelled to seek a place 
where his duties were less arduous He accepted a call 
from the German Presbyterian church of JefFersonville, 
Sullivan county, N. Y. Here he was married to the 
daughter ot one of the trustees of the church. He subse- 
quently accepted calls to churches in Washington. D. C. 
and Paterson, N. J., and spent fourteen years in preach- 
ing the gospel. Too arduous attention to the duties im- 
posed on him began to show their eftects on his health and 
he suffered with nervous prostration and troubles with his 
eyes. At the advice of physicians he resigned his pastoral 
duties in May, 1S85, ami purchased a drug store. His 
work here gave him little amelioration from his physical 
ailments; the long hours of confinement began to tell se- 
riously on his constitution and he was compelled to give 
up the business. In the meantime he had made a number 
of profitable investments in real estate. Having found his 
judgment excellent in such matters he concluded to devote 
himself exclusively to that line of business. He has been 
very successful and has succeeded not only in accumulating 
a competency but also in often extending a helping hand 
to others who stood in ii^-cd of his assist tnce and advice. 



I 12 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



J vmes A. Mohrisse was born in [reland on August 26, 
(S44. He came to this countr} in Febi nary, [S63, and af- 
ding some time in the wesi settled in Paterson in 
!; he started in the real estate business in iS5S. He 
has sold many million dollars worth of real estate in the- 
past twenty -two years and has laid out and de\ eloped large 
tracts of ground, among the latter being the property of 
the Mutual Life Insurance Com pan} located on Park ave- 
nue, formerl} known as the Christie tract, [t contained 
over a hundred city lots, all of which were sold through 
Mr Morrisse, and a hundred houses have been erected on 
the property He also developed the property known as 
the 1 lopper and Clapp tracts, one situated on the southwest 
corner oi Park avenue and East Eighteenth street and the 
other "ii the southeast corner. He subsequent!} organized 
the Cedar Cliff Land Company, a sketch of which appears 
on another page; he sold over three hundred lots on this 
tract and located two silk mills and a number of residences. 
He organized the Broadway Land and Building Company 
and purchased for it 128 lots of ground located nn Broad- 
way, Last Twenty-sixth and contiguous streets. Within 
the past two years he has organized the Citizens'. Hamil- 
ton and the Home Land Companies, whose properties are 
located at South Paterson between Madison and Buffalo 
avenues, the Erie railroad and Trenton avenue. These 
three companies own about seven hundred lots. He also 
organized the Eastside Land and Building Company, of 
which he is president. His connection with the organiza- 
tion of the Laurel Grove Cemetery Company is told in the 
sketch of that company which appears on another page. 
In 18S3 lie organized the Iron and Silk Building and Loan 
Association. He was elected president of the company 
and has continued to hold that office ever since. This is 
considered one oi the most conservative and successful 
building and loan associations in the city. Although Mr. 
Morrisse's business has been mostly real estate he has also 
done a large insurance business. As agent he has charge 
ol" the properties , .1' the Equitable Life Assurance Society 
of the United States and of the Mutual Life Insurance 

pany of Vw York and represents over a hundred 
owners of real estate for whom he collects rents. Betv\ een 
eleven and twelve hundred tenants pay rent to him as 
agent. He is also agent for all the English steamship 
lines and the French line. He also does a large business 
in procuring loans, having negotiated several million dol- 

■ I' loans lor his clients. lie will during the latter part 

of this year erect a very handsome lour stor} and base- 

tl granite and brick office building to be situated on 

the northwest corner ofMain and Ward streets. When 
finished it will Ik- one of the finest office buildings in the- 
city. 

Samuel S. Sherwood was born in New York city. 

I lis ancestors w ere among tin- earliest settlers of this con- 
tinent, one of them dying in [655 near where Fairfield, 
Conn., now stands. After having served as cashier in a 
dr\ ^or>ds house in New York, Mr. Sherwood when he be- 

brmed a partnership with Alexander Doug- 



las under the linn name of Douglas «V Sherwood and 1 al- 
lied on the retail drj goods business for lour years. Dur- 
ing this time Mr. Sherwood started the inanul'actm 1 oi 

hoop skirts, being die first to engage in that business in 

this country. Having sold out the retail dr\ goods busi- 
ness he began the manufacture of hoop skirts on a large 
scale-, having for a special partner Nathaniel \\ heeler, the 
president of the \\ heeler & Wilson sewing machine com- 
pany. The linn was doing an enormous busine-ss at the 
time of the breaking out ol' the rebellion, but unfortunately 

had given long credits to a number of houses in the South. 

The linn, however, extended its business b} the manufac- 
ture of hospital goods tor the government, ladies' collars, 
cull's, &c. They were tin- first ti, do a large wholi 
business north of A. T. Stewart's store in Chambers street, 

occupying No. 343 Broadway, opposite the old Broadway 
Tabernacle and the Society Library Building. The firm 
subsequently occupied the large building Nos. ^1 and ^; 
White st reet, being the first to carry the wholesale business 
west ofBroadwa} ; the linn subsequently occupied at the 
same time the large building at Nos. 9 and 1 1 White street, 
near West Broadway, which was built for them lis the late 
Daniel Kingsland. In 1864 Mr. Sherwood retired from 
business in New York and started into the real estate and 
insurance business in Paterson, to which place he had re- 
moved four years previous. Mr. Sherwood was the first 
to move in the laying out of the Last Side of Paterson. I le 
mentioned the matter one day when he had accidentally 
nut Mr. Jacob S. Rogers in New York; Mr. Roj 
urged Mr. Sherwood to take charge of the matter, having 
become convinced that Mr. Sherwood's ideas were the 
best; on the train going to Paterson they met Mr. William 
G. Watson, at that time Mayor of the city ; Mr. Watson 
added bis entreaties to the request of Mr. Rogers and Mr. 
Sherwood agreed to undertake the difficult task. The pe- 
tition was presented at the next meeting of the Board of 
Aldermen and granted. Mr. Sherwood has sine been 
closely identified with the progress of I'ate-rson. He 
was,, ne- of the incorporators of the- Paterson & Passaic 
horse railroad company; be was a member of the- first 
board ol directors and for some time secretary; he- is at 
present a member of the board of directors of the Paterson 
City K.ulwax Company, which some time agoabsorbed all 
the- horse- car liiu-s in the city. Mr. Sherwood was 
first to take energetic steps towards , impelling the Dun- 
dee Water Power m\<\ Land Company to open its dam for 
the navigation of the- Passaie- and is at present treasurer of 
the fund subscribed for that purpose. He was a member 
of the- Board oi' Aldermen from (875 to 1879; he was 

chairman of the- committee on finance for the- whole of his 

term and for three years he- was the unanimous choice of 
the Board for president, an office he lille-il to the satisfac- 
tion ol all. lie was one- of the commissioners on the- 
Broadvva} and Willis street sewer, the first commission 
created under the new law. and since- that lime has lie-e-n 

on fifty-two similar commissions. For a number of years 

he was Commissioner of Appeals in case-s of taxation but 



PA PERSON, ILL USTRA LED. 



i i 



his ever increasing business compelled him to relinquish 
public office. Since that time he has devoted his time to 
real estate, having charge of a great many valuable tracts 
and estates. He is the treasurer of the Paterson General 
Hospital Association and chairman of the Board of Arbi- 
trators appointed by the trades unions and the Board of 
Trade. 

P. D. Westsrvei.t. Energy and untiring devotion to 
business have made P. 1). Westervelt the successful busi- 
ness man he is to-day. No college or university educa- 
tion gave him the lead above his companions, but the 
common school and the common rural life of a well-or- 
dered and self-respecting farming community made him 
what he is by nature and by education. Mr. Westervelt 
was to the manor born, lie is a native of this county in 
which he has labored so faithfully. He was born at Haw- 
thorne, in the township of Manchester, December 21, 
iS-fy. The house in which he was born he now occupies, 
and it is situated in one of the most beautiful spots along 
the banks of the Passaic. From its front piazzas a splen- 
did view of the city of Paterson and the surrounding coun- 
try may be obtained. The grounds around the house are 
extensive and are studded with all varieties of vegetable 
life. Altogether, Mr. Westervelt's home is one of the 
most delightful spots in the county. Young Westervelt's 
early life was mainly passed on his father's, the late James 
P. Westervelt's, farm, and at the school house. At school 
his perseverance always kept him among the best students 
of his class, but like the majority of American youth, his 
schooling terminated while he was yet a boy. Immedi- 



ately on leaving school he made up his mind to secure a 
situation at Paterson. After some delay he got a place in 
the lumber office of the late Thomas Beveridge. Here 
his industry was soon recognized and his career as olhce 
bo\ was but a very short one. Positions of more import- 
ance requiring greater skill and labor were given him and 
in these he gave his employer the utmost satisfaction. 
After remaining at the lumber office for about seven or 
eight years and acquiring a thorough business education, 
Mr. Westervelt decided to embark in business for himself. 
At the lumbei yard office he had learned considerable 
about the coal business so he concluded that his first ven- 
ture should be in this Hue of trade. His experience in 
this business was brief and in a short time Mr. Westervelt 
had given it up and established a general collection office. 
In this business his industry came to his aid and he soon 
built up a successful trade. He was then made collector 
for several of the largest mercantile houses in Paterson 
and Passaic. In iSSS Mr. Westervelt decided to engage 
in the real estate and insurance business. In this he has 
found a most suitable occupation and his success has been 
most flattering. He is an excellent judge of the value of 
land and persons confiding their business interests to his 
care have found him not only an honest but a discreet 
business man; through him some of the largest real estate 
transfers on record in this county have been made. His 
great activity has also favored him in the insurance busi- 
ness and he is the representative of some of the best com- 
panies in this country. Mr. Westervelt is always to be 
found busy at work in his cosv office at 114 Ellison street. 



Business Houses, &c. 



, . 'JJs it is the object of this publication to place before 
•^-7 the countrv the many advantages which Paterson 
Oi-^K possesses as a place for manufacturing and resi- 
dence it is obvious that little need be said about the bus- 
iness houses. The fact that Paterson has a cosmopolitan 
population numbering over seventy-eight thousand is 
enough to satisfy any person that there are many prosper- 
ing business houses here. A glance, however, at a few 
firms, who are distinguished for superior energy and oth- 
er qualifications which go to make up the successful mer- 
chant, will be of interest. 

[amen [NGLIS, [r. — One of the most prominent and 
successful business men in Paterson is Mr. James Inglis, 
11 



Jr. He is a native of Paterson, his father having removed 
hither from Sussex County, N. I., about sixtv years ago. 
He obtained the best education afforded by the schools of 
Paterson. at ten years of age being compelled to walk 
from his home in the city to the school house which stood 
at that time near the Wesel bridge. After having left 
school he became a clerk in a grocery kept by John 
O'Brien at the triangle formed by the intersection of Mar- 
ket, Willis and Straight streets. Here he remained until 
Mr. O'Brien sold out when he went to Passaic where he 
was employed in the grocery kept by William L. Andruss. 
After remaining there for one year he returned to Pater- 
son and was employed in a drug store kept by his uncle. 



1 1. 1 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRA1 



: ite Charles Inglis. After spending ;i twelvemonth in 
the drug store he wenl to Ni w Vork where he worked at 
piano-making in Amity street. Returning to Paterson he 
learn of patternmaking in William Swin- 

burne's locomotive and machine works and subsequently 
spenl a year in Kingston, Canada, working at his trade in 
the locomotive works which were then being established 
in that place. Returning to New Jersey he entered the 
emploj of Robert Rennie, al Lodi, in Bergen county, 
where he was employed a year al setting up machinery, 
engines, &c. He next went west, establishing himself at 
Racine, Wis., and for some time operated a saw mill in 
the woods near that place. Growing tired of this life he 
returned to the east and for some time worked as a pat- 
ternmaker in the foundr) at West Point. Here he re- 
mained until the hard times of [S57-S when he returned 
to Paterson ami in the following year began the mercantile 
career which has placed him high among the successful 
Imsiness men of this city. It was in October, [S5S, that 
he bought out Solomon Danforth's interest in the music 
and stationer) store of Field & Danforth, which had Keen 
established I'm' some years at No. mm Main street. In 
1862, when President Lincoln had issued his call fur three 
hundred thousand men. Mr. Inglis used his utmost en- 
deavors to secure volunteers in this eit\ and succeeded in 
getting together three companies with which he marched 
in tin- front, serving until the expiration of the term for 
which he had enlisted. Returning to Paterson he contin- 
ued his business and iii addition thereto started the Na- 
tional Mills Compan) ; his interest in the latter he sold 
out in 1872 t" A. Hubbard & Co. In the following year 
he bought nut his partner in the music and stationer) Imsi- 
ness and shortl) afterwards removed to No. 1 7 j Main 
street. Here he remained in the successful prosecution of 
his business for twelve years when he erected fur himself 
one i>f the handsomest structures in the city, located on 

Main street, near Ellison. Here he continues to conduct 
the Imsiness founded on so main years of integrity and 
laii dealing; his spacious store contains a large assort- 
ment of everything in the line of stationery, I ks, paper, 

blank books, &c. 

In politics Mr. [nglis has always been an unswerving 
Democrat, ready at all times to assist his party. For a 
nuinliei of years he was a member of the state committee 
and took an active pari in the campaigns in the state as 

well as the county. Disdaining everything that smacked 

oi chicaner} or trickerj the n ime of [nglis became a syn- 
onym for everything thai was energetic and straightfor- 
ward in politics. In [8S3 he was appointed b) Governor 
Ludlow a judge of the courts of Passaic County; he was 
re-appointed in iSSS 1>\ Governor Green. In this ap- 
pointment the executive of the stale has happily Mended 
reward of political services with the appreciation of 
sterling qualities which have made Judge [nglis one of 
the m-ist respected as well as on,- of the m isl p. .pillar men 
of Passaic count}'. In business and in politics Mr. [nglis 
was always openhearted and kind, without swerving the 



least loan the path which duty marked out: the same 
qualifications which led to success as a leadi r among poli- 
ticians and merchants made him a fudge who is respected 
by all — ever merciful to the frailties of human nature but 
fearless in the suppression of vice and just in the punish- 
ment oi' crime. 

Fr weis K.VO.X Mi Li 1 i.y was born in Paterson. \. |.. 
on November 24, [839. After receiving an education in 
the public anil afterwards in the private schools of the city 
he accepted a position as clerk with ). & ( \. Ramse) and 
subsequent!) acted in a similar capacity in Blundell's Ex- 
press Company's office. lie left the latter place for the 
purpose of accepting a clerkship in the Bank of [ersej 
City. While thus employed one of the directors, who had 
been attracted li\ the pleasant manners and business ability 
o| tin- young man, induced him to accept the position of 

cashier oi a leading stock, gold and foreign exchange 
banking house in New York city. After having served 
three years in this capacity he bought a seat in the Open 
Board of Brokers, an organization which has since con- 
solidated with the New York Stock Exchange. Failing 
health compelled him to give up the brokerage business 
and at the suggestion of a number of gentlemen with 

whom he had been associated in Imsiness he accepted the 
position of secretary of the Flint Steel River Mining Com- 
panv and eventually became secretary of four other mining 
companies. As his health did not improve he was com- 
pelled to resign these lucrative positions and he remained 
idle for six months. Hoping that a more active life would 
improve his health he opened a line grocery business and 
for seven years was successful beyond expectation. But 
his natural love for financial Imsiness never left him and 
on April 1st. iNj-l- he sold out his grocery Imsiness and 

opened an office as banker and broker in his native city; 
he has continued in that Imsiness ever since. To-day he 
stands lie I ore the community as a man who b) his Inl- 
and private life has proven that a man mav rise to emi- 
nence in his own city. As an executor and trustee under 
a number of wills he has given abundant proof thai he is 
especially qualified to discharge such duties; at the pres- 
ent writing he represents ten estates as trustee. Mis fa- 
cilities for obtaining information make him the standard 
authority on all matters pertaining to financial affairs. I lis 
son. Frederick W.. is a young man of exceptional!) fine 
abilit) and renders most valuable aid In the management 
of his father's Imsiness. Mr. McCully's elegantl) lilted up 
banking offices, second to none in the Stale, are located at 
No. 1 j 1 Washington street. 

Peter Cm vckenbush, one of the most public spirited 
citizens of Paterson. was born in Paterson on February 

24, 1844. lie received his education in the public Schools 

of the city and in Professor Allen's Seminary. In iS6o he 
began work as a clerk in a dry goods store and until 
[S78 continued uninterrupted!) in the emplo) of the same 
firm. With the savings of eighteen years <<\ work and for- 
tified with a Imsiness experience obtained in actual prac- 
tice Mi. Quackenbush in [878 Si irted in Imsiness for him- 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



"5 



self at No. i So Main street. In 1882 lie formed a partner- 
ship with Mr. John I>. .Mason under the linn name of 
Quackenbush & Co.. and the firm soon found it necessary 
to increase the accommodations for a business which was 
continually multiplying ; this was done by taking posses- 
sion of the adjoining store. No. 1S2 Main street, the two 
stores being thrown into one. Even with this large floor 
space the firm did not have room enough and having add- 
ed a general line of all kinds of dry goods to their already 
extensive stock, another addition was looked tor. For 
some time this seemed difficult as all the space on Main 
street had been taken by other business houses ; the linn 
solved the difficulty In - obtaining possession of the property 
in the rear of their two stores and by extending the addi- 
tional room thus acquired through to Ellison street. Their 
store accordingly is in the shape of a gigantic letter E. 
The public appreciation of the excellent manner in which 
the business was managed showed itself in largely in- 
creased sales and the firm attained a standing in the com- 
mercial world which could not have been acquired except 
by the exercise of the best judgment and the liberal patron- 
age of the public. For two years Mr. Quackenbush 
served in the Hoard of Education but bis business engage- 
ments were such that he was compelled to relinquish all 
idea of political preferment which was frequently offered 
him. lie, however, did not deprive the public of his val- 
uable advice and assistance and no movement calculated to 
benefit the public was started but what Mr. Quackenbush 
lent a helping hand, assisting the project with advice, in- 
fluence and purse. He was foremost in the movement 
which secured for Paterson two magnificent parks. He is 
a director of the Second National Bank, the Colt Land 
Company and the Paterson Sanitary Company and has on 
a number oi occasions been called upon to act in a fiduc- 
iary capacity where considerable interests were involved. 

Joseph Towell was born in County Down. Ireland, 
on May i\, [848, and attended the schools of his native 
place until he was fourteen years of age. Even at that 
early age he evinced a liking for flowers and floriculture 
and at his own request he studied gardening in the gar- 
dens of the Marquis of Downshire tor three years ; during 
bis apprenticeship he received no wages but paid the sum 
of eighteen pence per week for the education he re- 
ceived there. At the expiration of the three years he went 
to England where for twelve months he had charge of the 
gardens at East Hempstead Park. Finding that there was 
still something to learn in the vocation he had chosen he 
sought employment in the large gardens of the British 
Isles, his main object being the acquiring of a thorough 
knowledge of gardening, wages being onlj of secondary 
consideration. In pursuance of this plan he was eng 1 
in a large number of the principal gardens of England 
both private and commercial and fitted himself thoroughly 
for the business. He had from his early youth a desire to 
come to this country and in 1S72 he carried that project 
into execution. Despite the prevailing depression in all 
lines of business he soon found employment as landscape 



gardener and after spending some years in New York, 
Newport, Rhode Island, Long Island. Astoria. Staten 
Island and Canada, he came to Paterson in 1S7S. The 
late Judge Woodruff' at that time owned the Bellevue 
nursery, situated on Haledon avenue; the ground was ad- 
mirably adapted for floriculture but there were onh seven 
hothouses, six of which were very small. For some time 
Mr. Towel] managed the place under a lease he had ob- 
tained from Mr. Woodruff'; the latter frequently expressed 
his gratification at having induced Mr. Towell to locate in 
Paterson, for Judge Woodruff was very fond of flowers 
and recognized that in Mr. Towell he had found the man 
who would establish a nursery in Paterson that would 
come up to the expectations of the most sanguine and en- 
thusiastic lover of the floral kingdom. In 1880 Mr. Tow- 
ell acquired the nursery property by purchase and since 
that time his career has been one of continued success. 
He soon found the facilities far too small for there was an 
enormous demand for the product of bis hothouses and he 
enlarged lV<au year to year until he had one of the finest 
establishments in the country. At no time was the supply 
equal to the demand and Mr. Towell never regretted one 
minute of the many days he had spent in acquiring a thor- 
ough knowledge of his business. He recognized to its 
fullest extent the proverb which declares that there is 
always room at the top. He soon established a large 
trade with New York and other cities and his business is 
ever on the increase. Consequently improvements are 
continually going on at the Bellevue nurseries. Mr. 
Towell has erected for himself a handsome residence and 
at present, although he has thirteen hothouses, he is build- 
ing five more; these additions will be each one hundred 
by eighteen feet, built of iron and glass according to the 
latest and most approved patterns. When these are com- 
pleted Mr. Towell will own the finest establishment in 
New Jersey and one the superior of which cannot be 
found in the United States. It would be impossible for a 
man «>f the energy, knowledge and talents possessed by 
Mr. Towell to live in any community without making his 
influence felt and Mr. Towell has become not onh an 
authority in everything pertaining to his particular busi- 
ness but he has also become one of the foremost and most 
respected citizens of Paterson. 

The John Norwood Company. — Among the most 
important of the large business establishments in the city 
of Paterson. that exert in no small degree an influence 
upon the commercial advantages of that city, is the whole- 
sale and retail paint and painters' supply house 1 if the John 
Norwood Company, which is located on the southwest 
corner of Main and Ellison streets. The building, which 
is one of the finest and largest in the city, is constructed of 
pressed brick, with ornamental stone dressings, and has a 
frontage of twenty-five feet, with a depth of one hundred 
ami ten feel ; it is three stories in height. It is one of the 
most conspicuous features of Main street, the leading thor- 
oughfare of' the city, and is amply provided with every 
convenience and facilitv for conducting the large trade 






PA TERSON, II. 1 1 T S TRA TED. 



that is carried on, which is both wholesale and retail, the 
store being divided into two departments, in order to facil- 
itate transactions. The company also occupies a building 
in the rear of their premises in Ellison street; this build- 
ing i^ fifty by fifty feet and three stories high. The 
-t.>ck. which for character, extent and variety is the larg- 
est in the city, comprises paints, varnishes, glass, white 
. oils, alcohol, glues, -inns. &c., and a ver> large and 
complete line of brushes; also artists' and wax flower ma- 
terials, machinery and burning nils are handled largely. 
\ full line consisting of fifty shades of the Longman & 
Martinez and The John Norwood Co.'s ready mixed 

paint is always kept in 'stock. It might be stated that 

the demand for ready mixed paints is growing every year. 

and the foreman of the company says that white lead, 
colors and oil, ground together 1>\ machinery, are finer 
and will wear much better than if mixed by hand. There 
is aKo a well selected stock of coach colors and coach var- 
nishes, and other materials used by carriage builders. 
Carriage gloss paint is a comparatively new article: it is 
i colors ground in varnish and ready for use. The 
wall paper department is as large, it' not larger than any 
other: great care and stiul\ is given to the selection. The 
patterns and colorings are always the newest. They 

carry in stock pressed papers, velvets, embosts, bronzes, 

felts, silks, damasks, varnished, washable and sanitary 
papers; also, white and brown blanks; most of these 
have matched friezes, borders, ceilings and decorations; 
a complete combination can be made including mouldings, 
&c. Shadings and hollands, plain and decorated, with 
many styles of fringes, which match in color: also all 
si/es of spring rollers and fixtures for large store win- 
dows. &c., will be found in this department. The com- 
pany give special attention to shading fine residences, 
large mills, &c, as they make all the shades they sell. 
The painting and interior decorating is in the charge of a 
tan who is a practical and thorough man. and devotes 
all his time to this branch, and all w ork entrusted to his judg- 
ment, will be correct in combination, coloring, &c. An- 
other feature worthy of mention is the systematic arrange- 
ment prevailing throughout the entire establishment. 

The business was established by Mr. l<>hn 1). Shorrock 
in [836; Mr. Shorrock was succeeded by John Norwood 
& Co., and at present the business is carried on by the 
John Norwood Company, a corporation which for ability 
in the qualifications of its personnel is not surpassed by 
any in the city. All of the members of the company have 
had a great deal of experience in their particular depart- 
ments of the business, and all v. .1 number of years 
connected in souk- capacity with the firm of John Nor- 
wood .V Co. Mr. VV. (i. Norwood is the son of John 
Norwood and assisted him lor mam years in the general 
conduct of the business. Mr. John 1!. Spear was for ten 
years bookkeeper in the establishment and is thoroughly 
conversant with every branch ofthe business: Mr. Henry 
Schoonmaker who has charge of the shade department, 
has devoted main years to that branch ofthe business; 



Mr. John II. Post has shown exceptional ability in the de- 
partment intrusted to him: Mr. James Kciuully is a prac- 
tical painter and decorator; Mr. George W. Pollitt was 
formally years engaged in mercantile pursuits in the city 

until he became an employee of John Norwood & Co. 
That success should attend such a combination of practical 

nun. each especially adapted to the department entrusted 
to him. is certainly not more than might have been ex- 
ted. 
M \usii mi \ I ! \ 1 1 . -The name of this firm is familiar 
to every man. woman and child ill the State of New |cr- 
sey. No individual enterprise has ever had the effect on 
any special class of trade that this linn has exerted on the 
clothing business. When the firm first started into busi- 
ness only the cheapest kinds of goods were manufactured 
into w hat was called reach made clothing ; men w ho could 
afford it had their clothing made to order and ready-made 
clothing was looked upon as something very inferior. The 
firm set themselves to work to revolutionize this state of 

affairs and the success they have attained is attested by the 
enormous business they have built up in the three 
largest cities in the Slate. They used the best kind of 
goods for their sink and the public soon ascertained that a 
suit of clothes could be obtained just as good by patroniz- 
ing this linn as by ha\ ing gi iods made to order and that at 
a far lower price. Their business increased enormously 
and soon they were able to keep in stock all kinds of goods 
and of all sizes and shapes. Ready made clothing rose 
from the position it had hitherto occupied to one equal to 
that ofthe best custom-made goods. Marshall & Hall at 
present have three stores — one at No.. S07 to S13 Broad 
street. Newark : one at Nos. 58 to 00 Newark avenue. Jer- 
sey City, and one at Nos. 221 and 223 Main street. I'ater- 
son. In Newark the firm occupies the whole of a large 
building and here the cutting and manufacturing is done. 
The Jersey City store was started in 1874 and five years 
later their business was established in Paterson. The bus- 
iness here under the management of. Mr. Henry Diefen- 
thaler continued to grow at such a rate that hired quarters 
were no longer sufficient and the firm purchased a plot of 
ground on Main street and erected its own building, of 
which a representation appears on another page. The 
salesroom is one ofthe handsomest in the city and occu- 
pies the whole ofthe first floor, being 42x100 in area, well 
lighted and well ventilated. 

Lockwood Brothers. — In 1S52 Mr. \V. Lockwood 
established the furniture business in Paterson at No. [S 
Van Houten street and in November. 1 S 7 3; . he removed to 
Xos. 290, 2 12 .i\)'\ 294 Main street. Here his business ex- 
tended very rapidly and he took his two s,,ns. Frank S. 
and William J., into partnership with him. the firm name 
being W. Lockwood & Sons. On February 1. [S89, Mr. 
wood retired and the business has since been carried 
on by his s,,ns under the linn name ofLockwood Brothers. 
The business had assumed great proportions and tor some 
years the linn found itself cramped in its quarters. Con- 
sequently in [890 a material addition was erected to the 



PA TERSON, IL L I 'S TRA TED. 



"7 



store so that it now runs through from Main street to Cross 
street. It has a frontage of fifty feet on Main street, twen- 
ty-five feet on Cross street and a total depth of two hun- 
dred and ninety feet. The Main street building has a 
basement and three stories: the Cross street building 
has a basement and four stories. The stores are supplied 
with two freight and one passenger elevator. The firm 
has always been successful, their business increasing 
largely every year. 

George Melville Elliot was born in Edinburgh, 
Scotland, on January 7, i$s6. When he was about five 
years of age his family removed to London where he re- 
ceived his education. In 1S6S he went back to Edinburgh 
where he learned the trade of watchmaker and jeweler. 
In 1873 he came to this country and at once took up his 
residence in Paterson where he was employed until 1S79 
bv a prominent jewelry firm. In 1S79 he began business 
for himself in a small room on the upper floor ot the building 
on the northwest corner of Washington and Ellison streets, 
audbv means of natural business capacity and strict attention 
to business soon accumulated enough to warrant him in 
opening a store on the fir*t door of the building on the 
northwest corner of Van Houten and Washington streets 
The energy with which he looked after his business, his 
uniformly courteous manner and lair dealing with all soon 
made his quarters too small for an ever increasing business 
and he obtained possession of the huge store at Xo. 194 
Main street where he has since conducted his business 
No merchant stands higher in the estimation of his friends 
and customers than Mr. Elliot and his business is continu- 
ally assuming larger proportions. The transition from 
the time, only a tew years ago, when he did all his own 
work, to his present business, when he continually em- 
ploys eight men. is sufficient evidence of his qualifications 
as a business man. He was the first jeweler in the city 
who found it necessary on account of the extent of his bus- 
iness to employ a delivery wagon. Mr. Elliot is a mem- 
ber of the Board of Trade and of a number of prominent 
societies in Paterson and has always taken a commend- 
able interest in all projects looking to the welfare of the 
public. 

Meyer Brothers. — The Boston store, Nos. 1S1 to :Sy 
Main street, and Xos. 116 and 11S Washington street, was 
■established in Paterson about ten years ago by Meyer 
Brothers who were at that time doing a flourishing dry 
goods business in Newark. They opened a store on the 
corner of Main and Market streets and their enterprise and 
low prices soon attracted a great ileal ot trade. In a short 
time the store, spacious as it was, proved too small for 
them and as on account of the architecture of the building 
an enlargement could not be had they took a lease for a 
long number ol years on the \ an Saun building which was 
then in the course of erection. Although they had the 
Ingest floor space of any business in the city they soon 
found that they were cramped and that additions would be 
absolutely necessary. Accordingly in 1S90 thev purchased 
the property on Washington street lying immediately in 



the rear of their Main street stores and thereon they erected 
a fine building having a frontage on Washington street of 
sixty-five feet and a depth of a hundred feet. The new 
building, which is four stories high, contains all the mod- 
ern improvements and connects with the Main street build- 
ing, forming as it were one solid building, all the floois 
connecting and running through from Main to Washington 
street. All the different departments are reached by eleva- 
tors so that the top floor is now as easv of access as any 
part of the store. Several new departments were added. 
viz— carpets, furniture, clothing, millinery, upholstery, 
dressmaking and house furnishing in all its branches. 
Over a hundred clerks are employed and nearly every Eu- 
ropean language is spoken- I he delivery wagons ot the 
firm may be seen almost at any time of the day and even- 
ing in almost any part of tiie city. The firm has also an- 
other establishment nearly as large in New Brunswick. 
N.J. 

Samuel Nathan, one of the most prosperous and re- 
spected business men of Paterson. was born in Czempin, 
Prussia. on Mav 1 2. 1S43. He enjoyed the ad vantages of the 
educational facilities ol his native home until he was about 
seven vears of age when his family removed to this coun- 
try. They proceeded at once to Providence. K. I., where 
young Nathan attended school for two years, at the expira- 
tion of which time his family removed to New York city 
where he completed his education. At the age of thirteen 
he was employed in a mercantile establishment in New 
York and at the age of fifteen was made salesman, his nat- 
ural business abilities having secured him this rapid pro- 
motion. At the age of twenty he started in business for 
himself in Fulton street, dealing in gentlemen's furnishing 
goods. In May. 1S66. he removed to Paterson and open- 
ed a clothing and merchant tailoring establishment on the 
southwest corner of Main and Ellison streets. On account 
of the sale of the building three years later he was com- 
pelled to vacate and for two vears and a half occupied a 
store on Main street a short distance south ot his former 
location. In 1S71 Mr. Samuel Smith and Mr. lames 
Jackson had erected a tine row of business houses on Mar- 
Let street ; at that time Market street was not a business 
thoroughfare ; although in the heart of the city trade had 
not found its way out of Main street and Market street was 
lined principally with residences. Mr. Smith and Mr. 
Nathan had been on terms of the closest friendship for a 
long time and Mr. Nathan, with a perspicacity which has 
assisted him in establishing his business, saw that it would 
lie but a question of a short time before trade would find its 
way into Market street; he accordingly led the way which 
has been followed by so many otheis since and became the 
pioneer of trade in Market street; he leased one of the 
stores in the Smith & Jackson block and some time after- 
wards acquired bv purchase the adjoining property on the 
corner of Market and Church streets. He first occupied 
the building adjoining that occupied by the Second Na- 
tional Bank but when sometime afterwards a neighboring 
and larger store was made vacant he removed to this in 



1 1 1 



i . i tersi w, ii. i. i r s tr. i run. 



order to increase his facilities, thi> step being made m 
san by his in business. Strict attention to busi- 

ness, assisted by courteous demeanor and a well earned 
reputation for integrity and fair dealing, soon established a 
business which in itself was a guarantee "I success. In 
i,s.S| Mr. Nathan erected a fine building on the property 
acquired by him a few years previous and the 

owner of one of the handsomest business structures in the 
State. The lower floor <>l the building is used for business 

purposes, the upper floors are used for the ns ol 

District Court and as lodge and meeting rooms Mr. Na- 
than is a leading director in the Second National Bank in 
the Coll Land Company and the Home Land Company 
and o other honorary positions testifying to the con- 

fidence tin of Paterson repose in him. 

Frank VV. Allen was born in North Kingstown, R. 

1 i fuly io, i ^s i . and received his education at the 

Providence C nference Seminary. He then became a 
clerk in a wholesale flour and grain house in Hartford, 
Ct., and was subsequently employed by the same firm in 
Springfield, Mass. In 1S77 he went into the dressed beef 
business on his own account in Worcester, Mass . remain- 
ing there for five years, at the expiration ol which time he 
came to Paterson. No western dressed heel' business had 
been established yet in this city and shortly after the old 
wa\ of bringing cattle and slaughtering in Paterson was 
completel d to western dressed brought in refrig- 

erator cars. He erected refrigerators near the tracks ol 
the Delaware. Lackawanna & Western railroad and in 
obtained possession of commodious quarters in 
Washington street, nearly opposite the city hall. The 
latter proved of great convenience to hi- patrons, as it was 
easi Mr. Allen supplied his establishment with 

all the modern improvements in his line of business and 
was the liist in the state to have an ice machine in opera- 
tion lor the cooling ol dressed heel. lie was the first to 
introduce the killing of m and this experi- 

ment was attended with so great a success that now the 
number of hogs slaughtered at his - imeill al 1 

leaches an average of twelve hundred a week. Progress 
and - tave marked every year ol Mr Allen's career 

in this city and the number of his friends increases with 
the circle of his acquaintanceship, for Mr. Alien is of a 
quiet and pleasing disposition and fail" and liberal dealing 
are characteristic of him. lie is a direct Paterson 

National Bank and enjoys the ci I all who ha\c 

e\ er met him. 

Patrick Henry Shields was horn in the north ol Ire- 
land on January 12, 1837, ' es ' "' lmu ' child- 
reu. 1 1 ne to Ai. 1 1S46, settling in 
Paterson, N. J . where they remained a year or two. w hen 
they removed to Little Falls. In 1S58 the family rem 

rson ami Mr. Shield- entered a groceri 
and in the course of five years acquired such an insight 
into the business that he set up for himself in (863 with 
the little capital he had been aide to accumulate by the 
closest economy after liberally aiding his family. By his 



steady industry and honesty in trade he soon acquired an 
enviable reputation and although through his proverbial 
rosit) he has at times lost heavilv his business has 
constantly been growing until he is now- one of the most 
extensive grocers in Paterson. A number of years ago he 

brothers, Mr. Walter G Shields, into p 
nership with him. Thus it will he seen that Mr. Shields 

is emphatically a self-made man and he is a very credita- 
ble specimen of that sort of production. In 1871 he was 
elected to the Board ol Chosen Freeholders, remaining in 
that body lor five years, during all ol which time he was 
one of the leading spirits in shaping its policy and control- 
ling its measure-. I le w as chosen director in 1S72 3 
Largelj through his influence the Board inaugurated the 
policj of building permanent iron bridges, in conseqiu 
of which the county now spends very little in repairs of 
bridges. In the fall of 1SS1 he was elected to the Assem- 
bly b\ a majority ot 952, which the three wards compos- 
ing his district never gave to any other man. a tact which 
sufficient^} attests his popularity among all classes. He 
was re-elected the following year. In March. 18S8, he 
was elected County Collector :md has held that office evei 
since. 

[amis Bell was horn on OctoberS, i^.is- in Count} 
Down. Ireland, where his family were engaged in the 
manufacture of linen. Mr. Bell landed in this country on 
the nth of April. 1854 : the vessel in which he came was 
shipwrecked and instead of landing in Boston landed in 
Newport. Mr. Bell at once proceeded to Boston, where 
he was engaged in the rubber business until November, 
. when he removed to Paterson. Here he went into 

business of importing wines and other articles of mer- 

idise al the store which he still occupies in Markel 
streel : he also at once took an interest in various manu- 
facturing and mercantile projects. In 1866 he began the 
development of Riverside, at present a flourishing section 

lie city. He organized the Riverside Land Improve- 
ment Company in 1866 ami at its dissolution in 1 S- j he 
owned one-fourth of the property held by the company. 
This company induced the New Jersey Midland railroad 
company- — now the New York, Susquehanna & Western 
railroad company— to lay its tracks through Paterson by 
subscribing $12,500 ii the capital stock of the railroad 
company, the latter locating its route through the property 
owned 1>\ the land company. In 1S6S Mr. Hell purchased 
the 1 lilliard pli S a poi tion of it 

a- a residence. lie \t.i- located fourteen mills and manu- 
hments in this city, all with one excep- 
tion on property owned by him. 11 first 
subscribers to the Paterson iV Little Falls horse railroad 
any. lie had large interests ill the Passaic and 
Orange oil companies and in the Excelsior anil Empire 

ompanies, the latter being the first companies of their 
kind organized in this country. He secured the chartei 
and organization of the People's Gas Light compam of 
Pati 1- hi, 1 corporation which reduced the pi is to 

manufacturers from $3. So to $1.50 per thousand, and he 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTR. I TED. 



119 



has been largely interested in nearly every work of im- 
portance undertaken in Paterson. At the present day he 
is the owner of a great deal of valuable real estate. In 
1SS9 he erected the Hell building on the corner oi Market 
street and Ramapo avenue, an illustration of which appears 
on another page, lie has just completed the Bunker Hill 
mills at Riverside and leased them for a long term of years 
to W. & f. Sloane, of New York, for the manufacture of 
tapestry, thus introducing another new industry in the city. 

James Wilson is a Scotchman bv birth and came to 
Paterson twenty-seven years ago. He established a coal 
business in which he has been very successful, due to his 
business rule ol liberal and honest dealings with all. He 
has extensive sheds on Marshall street with considerable 
frontage on the Morris canal. lie supplies a huge num- 
ber of the mills and manufactories in Paterson with coal 
and his business is continually increasing. He has been 
prominent in public affairs and his judgment is frequently 
sought when matters of importance to the city and the pub- 
lic are to be considered. He served as one of a committee 
appointed at a public meeting for the selection of parks for 
Paterson and the subsequent action of the Board of Alder- 
dermen in purchasing the sites selected and the general 
public approval of this course bore testimony to Mr. Wd- 
son's excellent judgment. 

Tin. Hobart-Stevenson Building. — The Hobart- 
Stevenson building was erected in iSSS and is the property 
of Mr. Garret A. Hobart and Mr. Eugene Stevenson. 
The property is situated on Washington street adjoining 
the City Hall. For a long number of years the lots on 
which it stands were unimproved, the property being too 
valuable tor residences. Mr. Stevenson conceived the idea 
that it would be an excellent place for a building for offices 
and Mr. Hobart having joined him in his enterprise the 
result was the erection of the building, an illustration of 
which appears on page 6z. The judgment of the gentle- 
men owning the property was excellent, for before the 
building had been completed every room and the four stores 



on the ground floor had been leased. The Passaic Water 
Company and a number of lawyers and real est ite agents 
have their offices in the building. 

N. Lane. — Paterson is certainly well provided in the 
line ot photographers who are continually vicing with 
each other in the production of the best work. Recogniz- 
ing the tact that photography as applied to portraits had 
the field well covered Mr. Lane a number of veals ago 
devoted himself exclusively to photographing buildings, 
machinery, interiors and similar work. He found here 
ample opportunity for the display of his talents and as lit- 
tle had been done in this direction before, his efforts were 
the more appreciated. No photographer had made a spe- 
cialty of this class of work and Mr. Lane soon found him- 
self master ot the situation. His work is perfect in every 
respect and his camei a is constantly in demand. He has 
made thousands of views for manufacturers and others and 
in every case given entire satisfaction. Most ot the en- 
gravings in this work are from photographs taken l>v Mr. 
Lane, he having been selected on account of his superior- 
ity in this class of work. 

Tut-: Cottage ox- the Cliff. — Thousands of people 

arc annually attracted to the Falls of the Passiie for the 
purpose of viewing this great masterpiece of nature. The 
unds about the cataract have been improved in many 
ways and contain three of the reservoirs of the Passaic 
Water Company. The Valley of the Rocks, a deep 
gorge below the Falls, still retains its pristine grandeur 
unimpaired. Excursions and target companies from New 
York, Newark. Jersey City and more remote points visit 
the Falls in large numbers every year. At present the 
grounds are in charge of Mr. Henry Baum, who has also 
secured a lease on the Cottage on the Cliff, situated roman- 
tically on a high ledge of rock overlooking the Valley of 
the Rocks and the city of Paterson. A dancing platform, 
caroussel, shooting gallery and bowling allevs are among 
the attractions on the ''rounds. 



-^>^h 




MISCELLANEOUS. 



HHHHHEHr 



!<^ 



|j Vry'lll- railroad facilities ofPaterson are unsurpass- 
jjl ^JLi; l-i1. The principal railroad passing through the 



!fec=?flj. 



:ity, and one which on account of the liberal- 

^fi^ P^ ' lN '""' ener o) °fits management has absorbed 

: and continues to retain most of the traffic, 1 >< > 1 1 1 




/ freight and passenger, i- the New > > ork, Lake 

Erie & Western. It runs upwards of iift\ 

... i 

; A trains a da\ each way with a corresponding 
'Y'. number of freight trains. No difficult) has ever 
been experienced in the wa\ of running switches 
to the various manufacturing establishments of importance 
and the company lias ever lent a willing ear to requests for 
more depots or facilities of other kinds. It has ever been 
foremost in all improvements and has assisted materially 
in building up the city . 

The New York, Susquehanna .V Western railroad 
skirts the eastern boundary <>f the city and in order 
to obtain a fair share of the city's traffic lias built a spur 
into the heart of the city. A similar course has been pur- 
sued b) the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western railroad 
company whose main line skirts the western boundar) of 
the city. It will consequently be seen that no matter how- 
much Paterson extends itself the railroad facilities will be- 
lie ample. 

The rates of freight between Paterson and New York 
and other points are low and commutation rate- to New York 
for passengers amount to about li\ e dollars a month, allow- 
ing the holders of the tickets one ride each way for ever} 
da) in the month. family tickets which ma) he used by 
any member of the famil) or guest or person in any way 
attached to the family, are sold at $12.50 tor twenty-five 
trips. 



ert) in the city. The valuations made by the assessors are 
equal to about thirty percent, of the market value of the 
property. Since the adoption of high license a tew years 
ago a considerable portion of the city's expenses is paid 1>\ 

the tax on the liquor traffic. The State has no debt, its 
expenses being paid by taxes on railroads ami similar cor- 
porations, and consequently then- is no State tax. The 
last cent of the county's debt was paid several years ago 
and so the count) tax amounts to just sufficient to make 
the necessary or desirable improvements. The manage- 
ment of the cit) and county affairs has always been con- 
sen ative. 



The sewer system of the city has been greatly extended 
within the past few years. In [SS2 the legislature passed 
a law permitting the construction ol sewers b) a new 
method : sewers are built at the request ol property owners 
along the line of the proposed sewers and the propert) is 
assessed for the benefits conferred. If the sewer is a large 
main sewer the city pays a portion of the expense, gener- 
ally about one-half; lateral sewers are generall) construct- 
ed at the expense of the property owners benefitted. In 
this wa\ sewers cost the property owners from $25 to $50 
per lot and after that no further sewer taxes are levied. 
In this wa\ ever) portion ol the city has been provided 
with sewers. The latter discharge into the I'assaic river 
which Hows through the centre of the city ; it is a rapidly 
running stream with numerous rapids and lew pools, so 
that the sewage is quickl) and cnlirck removed. 



The charter of the cit) prohibits the Board of Aldermen 
from incurring an) expense in an) year exceeding a lax of 
two and a half per cent, on the total \ a I nation of the prop- 



Fhe city has a large number of tine churches of ever) 
denomination, a tew of which ale shown on other pages. 



All the prominent secret societies are represented in 
Paterson by several lodges or councils. There are large 
numbers of fraternity insurance organizations and a num- 
ber of athletic, boating and similar organizations. 



The lire department of the cit) is one ol the most effi- 
cient in the country. A few years ago it was almost alto- 
gether voluntary but recently this has been changed to a 
department on a paid basis. There are nine engine com- 
panies, three truck companies and a chemical engine com- 
panies, all equipped with horses and full corps of men. 
Rates of insurance consequently are very low. 



Paterson has an efficient Board of Health and has been 
free from anything like epidemics of disease for many long 
years. Ibis is principally due to the energetic manner in 
which the Board of Health takes hold of all cases of con- 
tagious diseases. Places where scarlet fever, diphtheria 
anil similar diseases occur are at once quarantined and af- 
ter the disease has disappeared thoroughl) fumigated by 

an officer appointed for that purpose. Cases of small pox. 

which have been exceedingly rare, are at once remove.] to 
the eii\ pest house, outside of the cit) limit-: this estab- 
lishment has not been used lor man) years. A sanitary 
officer also look- after all the meat and food offered for sale 
and the offering for sale of adulterated food or bad meat is 
severel) punished. 



Paterson's population, according to the official census, 

has increased as follows: — 

1820 L,57H i860 1 

lsjl I.7s7 1865 24,893 

|sj; 5,236 ]s7u 33 ;,si 

L832 9,085 1n7.7 38,824 

isio •. . . T.-V.is 1880 51,084 

1850 11.341 lxsr, 1 

1855 16, 1 18 !-."• 7s.li -7 



121 



122 



123 




THOMAS ROGERS. 



124 







THE ROGERS LOCOMOTIVE AND MACHINE WORKS IN 1830. 




THE ROGERS LOCOMOTIVE AND MACHINE WORKS AT THE PRESENT DAY. 



125 




ROBERT S. HUGHES. 



126 





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FIG. 2. 





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SOME OLD LOCOMOTIVES. 



127 





ROOCRS LOCOMOTIVE A MACHINE WORKS 
Patx«»ox.No* Jimcy • UnmoSTATnorAMCitic* 





ROOCRS LOCOMOTIVE A MACHINE WORKS 

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ROOCRS LOCOMOTIVE* MACHINE WORKS 
P«ra*oN.NcwJotKr- UNrrotTAToorAMraicA 




LOCOMOTIVES BUILT BY THE ROGERS LOCOMOTIVE AND MACHINE WORKS. 



128 








FRONT VIEW OF THE PASSAIC ROLLING MILL COMPANY'S WORKS. 




REAR VIEW OF THE PASSAIC ROLLING MILL COMPANY'S WORKS 







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HAMMER IN THE PATERSON IRON WORK3. 



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FRANKLIN C. BECKWITH. 



133 




CHARLES D. BECKWITH. 



134 




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WILLIAM G. WATSON. 



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JAMES WATSON. 



138 





BOILER WORKS OF SAMUEL SMITH & SON. 



139 




SAMUFL SMITH. 



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BENJAMIN EASTWOOD. 



144 




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ROBERT ATHERTON. 



146 




MACHINE WORKS OF J. C. TODD. 




JUTE MILL OF J. C. TODD. 



147 




JOSEPH C. TODD. 



148 



PIONEER SILK CO. 








PIONEER SILK COMPANY 



149 




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DEXTER, LAMBERT & CO. 



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151 




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HENRY DOHERTY. 



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JOSEPH WADSWORTH. 



156 




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JOHN H. HOPPER. 



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SILK MILL OF HOPPER & SCOTT. 



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SILK MILL OF RAMSAY & GORE. 



162 




JOHN RAMSAY. 



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THOMAS E. GORE. 



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JACOB WALDER. 



173 



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FREDERICK HARDING. 



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WORKS OF JOHN R. DAGGERS. 




WORKS OF I. A. HALL. 



175 




JOHN R. DAGGERS. 



176 




I. A. HALL. 



177 




I. D. BLAUVELT. 



178 




CARRIAGE WORKS OF I. D. BLAUVELT. 




MARBLE AND GRANITE WORKS OF WILLIAM L BAMBER. 



179 




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Patersons Industries. 




.O give a detailed account of the various in- 
dustries in Paterson would be equal to wri- 
ting an encyclopedia ; it would require a 
knowledge of nearly every branch of indus- 
try and the diligent" research of the historian. 
This it is needless to say is not the object of 
this work. Mr. Fenner on preceding pages 
has pointed out that Paterson possesses advan- 
tages which have attracted hither many and 
important industries, all of which met with success. The 
purposes of this work will be amply answered by a de- 
scription of some of the leading manufacturing establish- 
ments ; to describe them all would be mere repetition tire- 
some to the reader. Paterson has many and diversified in- 
dustries all of which contribute their share of proof that for 
manufacturing no place possesses advantages superior to 
Paterson. '-The proof of the pudding is the eating there- 
of," is an old proverb and one which has stood the test of 
ages, thereby differing from many other proverbs. On 
the preceding pages of this volume the advantages of Pat- 
erson have been theoretically set forth with such proof as 
was incident thereto ; the next succeeding pages will show- 
more in detail wdiat Paterson has accomplished, how its 
manufacturers have prospered and how others may do 
likewise. No attempt will be made to cover the entire 
field of industry but enough will be shown to support the 
claims of Paterson as an exceptionally well favored place 
fir manufacturing. 

Tin: Rogers Locomotive and Machine Works. — 

The history of t^e Rogers locomotive works is so closely 
identified with the history of locomotive building in this 
country that the two cannot be considered apart from each 
other. Xo man ever did more for an industry in any coun- 
try than did Mr. Thomas Rogers forthe locomotive industry 
in the United States. I lis genius ami energy laid the cor- 
nerstone for what is now one of the most important indus- 
tries in the country. 

It was not until 1833 that railroads began to attract con- 
siderable attention. The first railroad built here was a line 
about three miles long from the Quincy granite quarries to 
the Neponset river, the object being the transportation of 
granite for the Bunker Hill monument. This road was 
built in 1S26 and was operated by horse power and station- 
ary engines. The Delaware & Hudson Can d company 

built the Carbondale railroad in 1S27 ; this line was also 

•in 



operated by horses and stationary engines and extended 
from Carbondale. Pa., to Honesdale. It was the first rail- 
road on which a locomotive was used. This locomotive 
was the •■Stourbridge Lion," (Fig. 1. page 120). built in 
Stourbridge, England, under the direction of Horatio Al- 
len, an engineer (.11 the Carbondale road. It was tried in 
August, 1S29. but found too heavy for the road. The se- 
cond locomotive used in this country was built in England, 
(Fig. 2. page 126). by Stephenson. It was called the 
••Rocket" and was built for the Carbondale road. Peter 
Cooper then built a locomotive, (Fig. 3, page 126), which 
was used on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad.- This was in 
1S30. In the same year E. L. Miller built a locomotive, 
(Fig. 4, page 126), called the "Best Friend." tor the 
South Carolina railroad company. In 1S31 the ■•South 
Carolina," (Fig. 5, page 126), was built by the West 
Point Foundry Association. The first locomotive built by 
the Rogers works was the "Sandusky," (Fig 6, page 126) for 
the Xew Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company. 
The evolution of the locomotive from the first one used in 
this country to the finished product of the Rogers works of 
to-day. is shown on pages 126 and [27. 

Mr. Thomas Rogers was born on March 16, 1792. in 
Groton, Conn. He died in Xew York on April 10, 1856. 
He was a lineal descendant of Thomas Rogers, one of the 
Pilgrim Fathers, who came to this country in the historic 
Mayflower. Early in his life he learned the trade of house 
carpenter but at the breaking out of the war of 1S12 he 
enlisted. After sen ng through the war he worked at his 
trade as carpenter in Paterson. \\ bile thus employed he- 
was engaged by Captain Ward, who had recently returned 
from a trip to England, to make the patterns for a number 
of power looms to lie used in the manufacture of cotton 
duck. He appreciated the value of the power looms and 
bought from Captain Ward the patent for manufacturing 
them. In 1S19 he went into partnership with John Clark. 
Jr.. whose lather had recently erected the Beaver mill, and 
engaged in the manufacture of power looms. In the fol- 
lowing year the firm moved into the little Beaver mill and 
Abraham Godwin, Jr. was admitted as a partner, the 
name of the firm being changed to Godwin. Rogers ,V Co. 
The firm spun cotton and built all kinds of machinery. In 
1S22 they leased Collett's mill, employing at that time 
about two hundred hands. In June, [S31. Mr. Rogers 
withdrew from the firm, taking with him $3S.ooo as his 
share of the profits. He purchased a mill site on the up- 



i PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



raceway and erected the Jefferson Works in what was Brunswick and back, ihc trip being entire!} satisfactory to 
.1! iii 'i time a part ofthe forest surrounding Paterson. Mr. all concerned. It was designed for the New Jersey (now 
Rogers intended t" devote the Ibwei part ol the mill to Pennsylvania) railroad, but was sold to tin- Mad River & 
building machinery and the upper to spinning cotton, but Lake- lair railroad company and shipped on October 1 j : 
he soon found orders pouring in for machinery to such an the price was $6,750. There was no railroad west (.1' 
extent that he abandoned the spinning of cotton and de- Paterson, so the engine was taken to pieces, boxed up and 
voted himself exclusivel} to the construction of machinery, .sent by schooner and canal-boal to Ohio, in charge of 
In [832 he went into partnership with Morris Ketchum Thomas Hogg, an employe ol the Rogers works, who had 
and Jasper Grosvenor, of New York, under the lit m name bei 11 occupied on the engine fi the first, lie put it to- 
ok R .-cis. Ketchum & Grosvenor. The railroad from gether at the place of its destination and as soon as the 
Jersey Cite to Paterson was approaching completion and track was laid — which was required bj the leg slature to 
the linn built the bridges along the line ok that he four keel ten inches gauge to conform to the gauge of 
road. Horatio Allen was then chief engineer ok the the locomotive — he ran the new iron horse for a short time 
South Carolina railroad and he visited Mr. Rogers on to show the railroad men how to do it The result was 
an order for a number ok axles and carw heels and had that he was retained in the employ of the railroad com - 
a conversation with him on the subject ok building pany, of which he was master mechanic for thirty years. 
locomotives. The ••McNeill." the first locomotive on The second engine produced at the Rogers works was the 
the Paterson & Hudson River railroad, had keen brought "Arresech," for the New Jersey railroad. It was shipped 
to Paterson. The firm had erected a two-story stone February 19, 1S38, and was similar to the first. The 
structure, about 50 by 75 leet. at the southeast cor- "Clinton" was completed in April, 1838, for the Lockport 
ner of Market and Spruce streets, tor a millwright & Niagara Falls railroad ; its cylinders were 10 by 18 and 
shop. In the kail ok [836 a two-storj brick building, 40X its gauge was | leet 8J inches. The "Experiment" was 
100 feet, was elected on the east side of Spruce street, turned out in June for the South Carolina railroad. In 
nearly opposite the present office, for a locomotive shop. October three were finished and in November only two. 
When the ••McNeill" was brought to Paterson it lay for Thus, it will be seen that whereas it took eighteen months 
some weeks in pieces, just as it had been brought from to make the lirst engine, seven were completed in the next 
England, and nobod} was at hand to put it together, year An eight-wheel engine was turned out in iSj|.a 
This gave Mr. Rogers an excellent opportunity to study ten-wheel engine in 1848 and the first "Mogul" was made- 
its construction, which he was not slow to take advantage at these wanks in 1863, since which date it has become 
of. One Hodge, a draughtsman of considerable skill, was popular with all the great railroads. It would take many 
employed to make drawings tor an engine of the same pages to enumerate all the improvements in the construc- 
model as the "McNeill " He worked at them foi a long tion of locomotives which have been originated at these 
time but the engine made slow progress and Mr. Rogers works. Mr. Rogers was himself a man of great quick- 
finally discharged him. Then Mr. William Swinburne, ness of perception and was always ready to act on the sug- 
who was the patternmaker for the works, proposed to gestions of others as well, and from the first had the best 
make the drawings and the patterns for the engine Ilis available talent, including the men who subsequently Start- 
offer was gladl} accepted and he went confident!} towork, ed the locomotive business elsewhere in the city. For 
preparing the drawings and patterns and superintending thirty years the establishment had the advantage of the tal- 
the construction. It was a daring experiment but after ents of William S. Hudson, who was acknowledged to be 

I' trying and more than a year of hard work the new one ofthe foremost men in the United States, if nut in the 

engine was completed to the satisfaction of all concerned. world, as a locomotive mechanic. The fame ok the 

It was called the ••Sandusky." It had one pair of driving engines spread wide at an early day. In 184.1 a locomo- 

wheels, situated forward of the furnace ; they were 4J feet in tive was sent to Cuba and that led the waj to a constant 

diameter; the cylinders were 11 inches in diameter, by 16 succession of orders thence since that time, so that to-day 

inches stroke : the truck had four 30-inch wheels The lit- most ofthe locomotives running in Cuba are from the 

tie engine was about the size of those now run on the New Rogers works Orders soon poured in from all parts of 

^ Oik elevated railroads. It was in some respects an im- the country and building after building was erected until 

provement on its model. Mr. Rogers having introduced a then- was a mass ok structures of all shapes and sizes 

novel feature, "counterbalancing," since adopted inmost They were mostly small, ancient and unattractive in 

les. for this he filed a specification in aspect, with low ceilings, badly arranged and badly loca- 

the Patent Office, dated July 12, 1S37. lie also cast the ted with respect u. convenience in getting work. It was 

driving wheels with hollow spokes and rim and in other evident at a glance that they had been put up and enlarged 

particulai ipated the driving wheel now in general from time to time to meet tin- urgent demands of the 

us. on the railroads of this country He also set the four moment and without any idea of the future magnitude the 

wheeled truck under the forward part of the engine. The business was destined to attain. This had gone on until 

••Sandusky" made a public trial trip on October (1. [837, it became impossible to continue in that way. Then Mr. 

running from Paterson to Jersej Citj and thence to New Jacob S. Rogers, who had succeeded his father in the 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



187 



management of the works and who displayed the same in- 
domitable energy and business tact, began the reconstruc- 
tion, steadily pursuing a settled and most far-seeing plan, 
looking to the indefinite expansion of the works and adapt- 
ing every department of the works to every other depart- 
ment, with a view to the utmost economy in time, labor 
and space These, however, were not the only considera- 
tions. The comfort and convenience of the workmen 
were regarded at the same time, and the new buildings had 
high ceilings, abundant light and air, ami in winter were 
comfortably warmed. Moreover, some attention was paid 
to the architectural appearance "I the new structures, which 
are therefore symmetrical and pleasing to the eye and an 
ornament to the vicinity. There is a massive simplicity 
about all of them, of course, which befits the character of 
the establishment, but there is nothing repellant about 
them, either inside or outside. Since 1S70 the building of 
machinery, originally the sole business of the works, has 
been abandoned to make way for the production of loco- 
motives. 

The evolution of the Rogers works, in 1S32 to their pres- 
ent dimensions is shown on page 124. The works at 
present are owned by the Rogers Locomotive and Machine 
Works, of which Mr. Jacob S. Rogers, the son of Thomas 
Rogers, is president, and Mr. Robert .~- Hughes, is secre- 
tary. The establishment employs about two thousand 
hands. 

Illustrations of locomotives built during the present year 
by the Rogers Locomotive Works will be found on page 
127 Figure r represents a passenger locomotive, having 
the following dimensions: Cylinders, 17x24: gauge, 4 
feet. Si inches; driving wheels, 62 inches; rigid wheel 
base, S feet, 6 inches; total wheel base. 11 feet. 9.I inches; 
the engine weighs in working order 89,000 pounds, 011 
drivers, 56.000 pounds. Figure 2 represents another pas- 
senger engine, haying the following dimensions : — Cylin- 
ders, 20x24; gauge, ). S. L : driving wheels, 62; rigid 
wheel base, 13; total wheel base. 23, 9: the engine weighs 
in wording order 131,000; on drivers 100.^00. Figure 3 
represents a large freight engine, having dimensions as 
follows :— Cylinders, 21x2) : gauge, 4. 9; driving wheels, 
4, 3; rigid wheel base. is. S; total wheel base, 23. s ; the 
engine weighs 131,000 in working order; 112.000 on 
dri\ ers. 

Robert S. Hughes was born in this city on the 24th 
of May. 1S27, his father' being Robert Hughes, one of the 
oldest residents of the city. At twenty years of age Mi'. 
Hughes entered the employment ot Rogers. Ketchum & 
Grosvenor as an assistant in the office and since that time 
he has been associated with the Messrs Rogers in their 
manufacturing enterprises. During that period the most 
important changes have been made in the building of loco- 
motives. When the Rogers Locomotiye & Machine Com- 
pany was formed Mr. Hughes was given an interest in the 
enterprise. In 1S66 he was elected secretary of the com- 
pany and ten years later he was elected treasurer. .V re- 
cent writer very properly says of Mr. Hughes: — -'His life- 



work has been confined to the performance of his duties in 
the office of the Rogers works, and he has held himself 
studiousl} aloof from all public affairs, although he has al- 
ways felt a warm interest in local events and been a willing 
contributor to the institutions of the eitv. He is courteous 
and kind in his intercourse with all and his modesty ami 
reticence do not conceal from his friends his real worth as 
a man and a citizen. He possesses good business qualifi- 
cations and during the many years of his connection with 
the Rogers works has been uniformly faithful in the dis- 
charge of all duties and his services have been highly valued 
by the concern." 

Tut: Passaic Rolling Mill. — The Passaic Rolling 
Mill is one of the most important iron manufacturing es- 
tablishments in the country and it was part of the good 
fortune which has made Paterson so flourishing that in- 
duced the owners of this establishment to locate their in- 
dustry within its limits. The establishment is one of the 
main props of industrial Paterson. for no matter what the 
state of business may be generally there is always work to 
do at the Passaic Rolling Mill. It occupies a large terri- 
tory with numerous large buildings in the southern part of 
the city and forcibly impresses passengers on Erie trains 
with the importance of Paterson as a manufacturing centre. 

The first indication ot activity in this portion of the city 
was in 1863, when Mr. Sherman [aqua had obtained for 
himself and a few ot rers a charter from the legislature for 
the Paterson Iron Company. A frame shop, one hundred 
by two hundred feet, was built and the rolling of merchant 
bar iron from scrap begun. In the following year the 
name of the company was changed to the Idaho Iron 
Company. The industry, however, did not flourish and 
in the course of a year or two the plant was sold to a com- 
pany in California and shipped thither. In 1S67. after the 
shop had been closed for two years, Mr. Watts Cooke 
came to Paterson. whither his three brothers, John, James 
and William, had preceded him Mr. Watts Cooke had 
been superintendent of the Delaware. Lackawanna & 
Western railroad for a number of years, a position which 
had enabled him to study the rolling of iron in the large 
establishments along the line of that road. In March, 
186S, the four brothers bought the remaining property of 
the Idaho Iron Works and at once proceeded to put in 
new machinery. So energetic were the preparations that 
the new company rolled its first bar of iron on July ;. 
[86S, they having at that time two trains of rolls, eighteen- 
inch and nine-inch, and employing about a hundred hands. 
In the following year the company was chartered as the 
Passaic Rolling Mi 1 Company; it had a capital of $100.- 
000. with a privilege of increasing it to $500,000. In 
[873 Mr. William Cooke, who had been President, sold his 
interest to Mr W. O. Fayerw cather and since then the 
management of the business has rested upon Mr. Watts 
Cooke as President and Mr. Faverw eather as Treasurer. 

The financial panic of rb'73, which closed so many of 
the industrial establishments in this country, only effected 
a change in the product of the works. There being little 



1 88 



l\n ERSON, IL L USTRA TED. 



demand for the kind of work hitherto produced a new 22- 
inch train of rolls was puf in for the rolling of 1 he. mis and 
channel iron The success of what appeared at the time 
an experiment attested the good judgment of the compan) . 
The first order received was for the iron work for the new 
building of the New York Evening Post, on the corner of 
Broadway and Fulton street, New York : this was follow- 
ed by a large order for iron work for the new Capitol at 
Albany and then came an order for all the iron beams 
used in the construction of tin- Centennial buildings in 
Philadelphia. From this time on orders poured in from 
all >onree-. One of the mosl striking buildings erected 
was the Seventh Regiment Armor) ol New York. Hiis 
consists in the main of a series of immense arches of iron. 
t.s- feel sp.m over all. the building being 290 feef long and 
c,i feet high; there are t, 150,000 pounds of iron in this 
em ■viiii nis structure. 

The building of wrought-iron bridges next attracted the 
attention of the company, one of the liist orders being the 
bridge which spans the Passaic river at Riverside. Pater- 
son, one of the cheapest and best bridges ever erected for 
the Erie railroad. One of the in isl important enterprises 
undertaken in structural iron was the construction of the 
New York elevated railroads. The company first built a 
section of the road from Morris streel across the Battery 
to Front street, being the first of the modern s) stem now 
in use on that line. Then the company built the section 
of the road from Morris street t" Chatham Square Then 
they took down the old track on the west side and rebuilt 
the road on their own plans from the Battery to Morris 
street, from Morris street through Greenwich to Central 
Park and all through Ninth avenue. On the east side 
the\ built the road from the Batten '" Canal street and 
from Sixty-fifth to One-hundredth street. They used 
upwards of twelve thousand tons of iron in this work. 
On October ;. [878, tire destroyed the puddling and mer- 
chant bar mills. These two buildings were three times as 

extensive as the whole establishment when the company 

took ai. The company at once replaced the 

burned structures witli a line brick building, two hundred 
h\ three hundred feet, with a lofty root' supported 011 iron 
trusses rolled in the mill This was intended lor puddling 
and for rolling merchant iron an 1 small angles and T's. 
The works are kept running day and night. 

In r.882 the company acq 1 i red what was known as the 
Vreeland farm, a tract ot twenty-five acres adjoining their 
: on the south, it being apparent lim- 

ited room would not he sufficient tor the demand on the 
product. In that year Mr. John Cooke and Mr. lames 
ike died and Messrs John S. Cooke. Frederick \V. 
I ike and John K. Cooke were made directors. The 
work ol' tin- bridge building department had increased 
■ hi railroad bridges were built and ship- 
ped to even state in the Union, as well as to Central and 
America and the West Indies. For main years 
these bridges were designed by Mr. Frank A. Leers, the 
civil engineer ot the o my, whose death in 1890 wis , ( 



great loss to the industry. Among the man) notable 
works designed and executed since [S82 are the follow- 
ing: -Idle draw bridge over the Mississippi river at St. 
Paul. Minn.. 432 feel span, up to that time the lai 

ever built; the Hoboken elevated cable railroad, over 
ninety feet high ; the many bridges between Binghamton 

and Buffalo on the Delaware. Lackawanna Si Western 
railroad: the High Bridge over the Passaic river at West 
Paterson on the same road, and most notable of all the 
magnificent Washington Bridge over the Harlem river at 
One-hundred-and-eighty-firsf street. New York. This 
latter structure cmisisis of two steel arches of live hundred 
and ten feet span each, requiring over id. 000. 000 pounds 
of iron and steel in its construction. The work was huilt 
at the shops in Paterson and erected hy the companv in 
the space of fifteen months and is a triumph not onl) of 
engineering skill hut a "thing of beauty" and a lasting 

monument to the credit of the works and the city of Pater- 
son. An illustration of this bridge appears on page 129 

ot' this \\ , iik. 

The substitution <>l steel for iron caused large additi 
to be made to the plant in [888 ami 1889. Open hearth 
steel furnaces were huilt. a universal plate mill, a bloom- 
ing mill and a new beam mill. For the purpose of ac- 
commodating these, large additions were made to the 
buildings. The next step of importance was the construc- 
tion of a spur of the Delaware. Lackawanna &Western rail- 
road directly into the yards ol' the company. This ena- 
bled the companv to receive at reduced cost the large ton- 
of raw material such as coal, ore and pig iron, which 
before had to he hauled b) teams nearly a mile. 

The manufacture of steel was commenced in December, 
1SS9. and has been in successful operation since. At 
present the pay-rolls of the companv embrace over a 
thousand employees at the works proper, in addition to 
several hundred employed about the countr) erecting the 
various bridges under contract. And so it keeps on, 
growing larger year b) year, so that if the future can be 
judged by the past before another ten years have gone b) 
the additional twentv-live acres will he all under cover 
and the enormous works of the old world will find their 
counterpart in this newer and younger hut more progress- 
ive country. The present management of the compan) is: 

— Watts Cooke, president: W. < >. Favervv eather. vice 
president and treasurer: A. C. Fairchild. secretary : John 

K. Cooke, superintendent, with an aide corps of assistants 
in the various departments. 

The Paterson Ikon Works. — The Paterson Iron 
Works were established in [S52 by Sherman Jaqua, ot 
Nashua, N IF. and Thomas W. Gillies, also of Nashua. 
where both these gentlemen were engaged in the manu- 
facture of iron. They were attracted to Paterson by the 
expansion of the locomotive industry and the fact tiiat some 
portions of locomotive engines were being made b) con- 
tract by other iron manufacturers. They erected a black- 
smith shop about fift) by seventy-live feet along the Erie 
railroad track, smith of Clay Street, and their fust wmk was 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



189 



the making of tires for locomotive wheels out of Lowmoor 
and Boiling bars Subsequently they put in two hammers 

for the forging of axles and shapes for locomotives The 
demand for their product induced them to put in another 
hammer shortly afterwards. In i8s,3 they obtained a spe- 
cial charter from the legislature and were constituted the 
Paterson Iron Works. Mr. Franklin C. Beckwith had at 
that time come to Paterson for the purpose of constructing 
the second track for the Erie railroad. Before the end of 
1853 he had purchased a controlling interest in the works 
and had devoted himself altogether to the business of mak- 
ing forgings Subsequently he bought out his partners 
and continued managing the works up to the time of his 
death. In 1S66 he added the making of steel to the works 
but this industry gradually fell off and was given up alto- 
gether in 1870. In i860 Mr. Beckwith had materially in- 
creased the capacity of the works : he disposed of the small 
hammers, putting in their places larger hammers of more 
approved construction. In 1862 he put in the first upright 
hammer, of five tons, for heavy steamship forgings. In 
iS6^ he put in a ten ton hammer. Orders soon poured 
in from all over the country and some of the heaviest forg- 
ings in use in water works and similar establishments 
throughout the United States were made by the Paterson 
Iron Works. A number of immense shafts were forged 
for the Pacific Mail steamship company and were sent 
overland by rail to California, there to be placed in the 
steamships of that company. As there are few works in 
the country with the capacity of the Paterson Iron Works 
thev have frequent calls for machinery from remote parts 
of the country. They have furnished large plants for 
mining operations in the west and in this, as in other 
branches, they have achieved enviable success. The 
works cover a large area of ground and employ about two 
hundred hands. At the death of Mr. Beckwith the works 
passed into the hands of his sons, Charles I ). and I. Alexan- 
ander Beckwith : the latter some years later withdrew 
from active participation in the management of the works 
and at his death the entire control passed into the hands of 
his brother. Mr. James Johnston lias been superintend- 
ent of the works and Mr. Warren Dav bookkeeper for 
main years. The works were entirely destroyed by tire 
on the night of May 1:, 18S7. entailing a severe loss on 
the owners. Thev were, however, rebuilt as quickly as 
builders could do the work. So complete had been their 
arrangement that little change was deemed advisable when 
the present works were put up. 

Franklin C. Beckwith was bom near Schuylerville, 
Saratoga County, X. Y., on July z, 1817, and remained 
on the home farm until he was nineteen years of age. He 
then became foreman under an elder brother who was 
engaged in laving sections of the track on the Boston A: 
Albany railroad and subsequently received a division of 
his own extending from Chatham to East Albany. After 
a few years he became superintendent of both the track 
and freight department of the Troy & Albany railroad 
and remained in that position for several years. About 



1S49 ne removed to Philadelphia and established the busi- 
ness ol' smelting iron but a year later entered the emploj 
of the New York & Erie railway and had charge of lay- 
ing the track on the Delaware Division of the road extend- 
ing from Port Jervis to Susquehanna. He then removed 
to Niagara Palls and laid the railroad from that place to 
Lockport, N. Y. Returning again to the Erie he built 
the bridge on that road at Susquehanna and in rS^;, took 
up his resilience in Paterson and took the contract for lay- 
ing the double track from Paterson to Jersey City. He 
was thoroughly devoted to business, of strict integrity anil 
generous impulses. He died on February 8, 1875. 

Charles D. Beckwith was born fifty-one years ago 
on the homestead farm in Columbia County, X. Y., and 
in his early years assisted his lather in various enterprises. 
In the city of Paterson he soon rose to prominence as a 
manufacturer and a public spirited citizen. His liberal- 
ity, both in opinion and purse, made him hosts of friends 
and he was frequently importuned to become a candidate 
for public office. He. however, disliked public life and 
when in 1872 he was elected Alderman from the Fifth 
\\ ard he resigned after having served onl\ a portion of 
his time. Ten years later he was again induced to accept 
the Republican nomination for Alderman in the Fifth 
Ward; he was elected but it was only with difficulty that 
his friends induced him to serve out his term. In 1885, 
after having a number of times declined nominations for 
various offices, he was induced to accept the nomination 
for Mayor; he was triumphantly elected over a strong 
adversary and in [8S7 he was re-elected. In the following 
year he was unanimously chosen the candidate of the Re- 
publican party for Congress from the Fifth Congressional 
District of Xew Jersey, being the first man who ever re- 
ceived that nomination without a struggle. He was elect- 
ed, running considerably ahead of his ticket. Mr. Beck- 
with is one of the most straightforward and liberal of 
men: lie has a personal magnetism which attracts to him 
all men who admire frankness and good nature. 

Tin-: Kearney & Poor Company. — This company 
manufactures files and rasps at Riverside, a flourishing 
section of the city of Paterson, and has offices at No. 101 
Chambers street, Xew York. The company has a reputa- 
tion and a trade co-extensive not only with this country 
but extending to many foreign nations. Their works are 
recognized as among the largest and best equipped of the 
kind in the country. The company founded its business 
in 1877 and is officered as follows : — President and treas- 
urer. James D. Foot; vice president and genera] manager. 
James Kearney: secretary, Sandford D. Foot. The pres- 
ident of the company is in personal charge of the Xew 
York office. The large body ol' workmen employed at 
the factory are greatly facilitated by the use of specially 
improved machinery invented for the purpose, which is 
remarkably ingenious and has served to place this concern 
upon a footing with its most formidable competitors in 
any part of the world, as regards the ability for rapid and 
perfect production, ami is aiding the company to produce 



190 



PA 7ERS0N, ILLUSTK. ITED. 



a file which takes no second place when pitted against an) 
file with which it ma) be brought into just competition. 
The raw material used is the besl English and American 
steel and in the selection ofil the utmost care is exercised 
and only such used as can withstand the severest tests. 
The outpul is one of great magnitude and importance and 
comprises all the various grades of cuts known as rough, 
bastard, second cut, smooth and dead smooth — as also the 
h ading shapes flat, half-round, hand, pillar, equalling, cot- 
ter, square, round, three square, mill saw. tapir saw. slim 
taper saw, double-cut taper saw, crossing, cabinet rasps, 
cabinet files, wood rasps, warding files and joint 1ilcs. 
From two and a half to three tuns of steel are cut up and 
made into files each working day of the year, the present 
output being about twelve hundred do/en a day. While 
competition in this business is so close that hardly si\ 
months pass without some file manufacturer going out of 
business this company owing to the superior quality of 
their files not only have all the business they can attend to 
but for the past \ear have Keen obliged to decline all new- 
trade. But with constant!} increasing facilities they hope 
in the course of a year to still further increase their very 
large production. Some little idea can he formed of the 
character of the work of this concern by considering the 
in mie ions shapes and cuts of files made, varying in length 
from two to thirty inches, in weighl from the fraction of 
an ounce to five pounds or more for a single tile, and in 
cut from teeth so line that a magnifying H'lass is necessary 
to see them to teeth so coarse as to form only twelve to an 
inch. All these files and rasps are guaranteed as to qual- 
ity and are recognized as unexcelled either for workman- 
ship, finish or durability b) any other house extant. A 
read) market is found lor these goods in all sections of the 
I nited States and a heav) export trade is enjoyed with 
main foreign nations. All orders by mail or telegraph 
are promptly attended to at the New York office and are 
tilled direct from the lactory. Customers in all parts of 
the country may fully rely on the ability of this company 
to make such selections as will satisfactorily meet all re- 
tirements of the trade and the public. 

Benjamin Eastwood, one of the most progressive and 
energetic of the men in Paterson engaged in industrial 
pursuits, was born in Lancashire, England, on October 
jl, [839. After receiving a common school education he 
was placed ill a machine shop where he learned Ins trade 

during the da) time, in the evening attending school. Al- 
ter about nine years of a lite of this kind he came to this 
t amirs in [863 and alter being employed as a machinist 
for William Tunstell and others in Paterson lor some time 
Ik- went west where he worked as machinist in Milwau- 
kee. Alter returning to Paterson he was induced to go 
to Mecklenburgh Counts. North Carolina, where he was 
ged to erect tlie engines and machinery of a gold min- 
ing company. Alter having started the machinery he was 

appointed superintendent of the mines and remained with 
the company about two years and a hall. The ores being 

\ei\ poor the mining enterprise prosed a failure and he 



was glad to return to Paterson once more. Alter ssork- 
ing for some lime as a machinist he started a small ma- 
chine shop in the I nion Works near the Rogers Locomo- 
tive Works. Altera less months he received a sirs flat- 
tering oiler to go to Venezuela as mining and mechanical 
engineer, the mining compan) agreeing to purchase nearly 

all the tools of his shop. The offer ss as accepted after some 
consideration, as he found it sloss work building up a bus- 
iness \s ithout capital and in a place where he ssas little 

known. This enterprise proved a success but after being 

assas about one sear and having contracted the fever SO 
prevalent in that country he decided to return to 1'ateison 

again. lie then obtained employment in one of the loco- 
motive shops, but seeing no chance for advancement, he 
accepted a good oiler in a New York experimenting shop; 
he remained there about eighteen months. At this time 
machinists all over the country were bending their ener- 
gies to discovering some proper motive power for propel- 
ling canal boats which would be an improvemenl on the 
mule, an animal sshich ssas nut giving scry good satisfac- 
tion at the time. Although the experimental shop did 
not attain distinction in this direction Mr. Eastwood ac- 
quired a great deal of practical knowledge of various kinds 
of machinery which has assisted him materially in building 
up his business. He then returned to Paterson and this 
time to stas ; he commenced to work for the Whitney 
Sewing Machine Company and remained with them about 
one sear. 

After having accumulated a small sum of money and 
acquired some property, he commenced business in Sep- 
tember. [873, in Van Ilouten street in Mr. Robert Mc- 
Culloch's building. The building soon proved too small 
and he removed to the Beaver Mill, and after about eigh- 
teen months spent there he built and took possession of 

his ness shop in Ramapo avenue. Mr. Eastwood's splen- 
did business qualifications, his energy and the care he took 
that every machine sshich left his shop should be as per- 
fect as care, good material and good workmen could make 
it. soon established a reputation for him which he fostered 
by continuing in the way he had begun, lie soon found 
himself compelled to look for further room and In- elected 
a machine shop and foundry. Increasing orders compell- 
ed him to extend his operations and lor some time his at- 
tention ssas divided between filling orders and erecting 
buildings until he ssas in possession ot one ol tin- finest 
machine shops in the country. His main establishment is 
situated on Straight street and run-- through to Ramapo 
avenue, the shop sshich he first occupied in that thorough- 
fare being Olll) an inconsiderable portion of bis ssliole es- 
tablishment. The main building is kid lee: front b) a 
depth of 57 feet: it is four stories and a basement in 
height and is throughout equipped in accordance ssitli the 
most approved plans tor labor-saving, light, &c. In one 
end of the building is a large elevator ssith a driveway ad- 
joining so that machiner) mis be put together and loaded 
direct on trucks for shipping. The main building has a 
wing in the rear sOx|o feet. The foundry is in the shape 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



191 



of an L. its dimensions being 100x40 and 60x40. In ad- 
dition to these buildings there are cleaning shops, store 
rooms and a number of smaller structures. 

In iSSS Mr. Eastwood having acquired more property 
on Ramapo avenue proceeded to erect a model silk mill 
in accordance with the English idea of providing mills 
such as manufacturers would want, all fitted up with ma- 
chinery, engines and boiler and motive power, thus en- 
abling capitalists to take possession of a fully completed 
mill without the annoyance and delay of building and pre- 
paring themselves. The building has four stories and a 
basement; it has a frontage of 40 feel and a depth of 125 
feet. Mr. Eastwood experienced no difficulty in finding a 
tenant ami the mill has always been running to its full ca- 
pacity. Mr. Eastwood's machine shop and the silk mill 
obtain their power from a Hughes & Phillips' 250 horse 
power compound engine, each establishment being inde- 
pendent of the other, the engine and boiler house being 
stationed between the two; there are two upright boilers 
of the Manning pattern, each having 150 horse power. 

Mr. Eastwood manufactures silk machinery of all kinds, 
winders, doublers, draw side frames. French. English and 
American quilling and spooling frames, ribbon blocking 
machines, power and hand warpers, beamers and clean- 
ers: gros grain and dress goods power and hand looms. 
He also makes the famous Swiss loom ami his high speed 
crank loom. He also does a general business in shafting, 
pulleys and hangers and manufactures all kinds of tools 
and light machinery to order. Among his specialties may 
be mentioned Eastwood's improved ribbon blocker, for 
hand or power, in which the blocks are held in place by 
three jaws working in slanting grooves and opened by 
pressing two knobs bv thumb and finger, thus doing away 
with the old style thumb screw and thereby saving much 
time and trouble; and Eastwood's new improved power 
reeling frame with measuring attachment for skeining silk 
from bobbins, a strong and easily operated machine. 
Some time ago Mr. Eastwood indulged in a new departure 
in the silk machinery line ami engaged in alteringand con- 
structing new patterns, so that he is prepared to furnish 
ribbon looms of new and improved design, of high and 
low pattern; he also put in special machinery for the man- 
ufacture of straight ami circular shuttle battons. His 
shops are the largest and best equipped in the city for the 
manufacture of silk machinery. 

John Royle & Snxs. — The members of this firm are 
Messrs. Vernon Royle ami John Royle, Jr. Their com- 
modious buildings which have recently been constructed 
are located on the corner of Straight street. Kssex street, 
and Ramapo avenue. Their line of manufacture extends 
among the liner grades of machinery and includes numer- 
ous and important specialties of their own, many of which 
are patented, besides the designing and building of such 
machines as require intelligence and skill. The merits of 
their specialties have received flattering recognition abroad 
as well as in this country, consequently the trade of this 
firm extends to Canada. Europe and Australia, and makes 



this establishment an important factor among the industries 
of Paterson. Among the specialties manufactured by this 
firm may be mentioned the High Speed Routing Machine. 
Its purpose is to deepen (technically called routing) with 
facility those surfaces which require to be depressed on 
engraver's blocks, wood cuts, etc., lea\ ing the surface from 
which the impression or prints are to be taken in bold 
relief. By strict attention in designing Jhe details, a per- 
fectly smooth and uniform movement of the cutter is se- 
cured, insomuch that in the hands of a skillful operator 
one-half of a scratched line can be routed away and the 
other half left on the plate. 

The cutter spindle makes 12,000 to 14.000 revolutions 
per minute, a speed not attainable in a poorly constructed 
machine, nor does this high speed of cutter cause any 
tremulous motion to the machine nor impair its usefulness. 
Although Royle & Sons were not the originators of this 
machine, they built the first one of its kind, and their ex- 
perience in building these machines enabled them in after 
years to add many improvements, bringing it to such a 
state of perfection that to-day it has attained a pre-eminent 
rank amoiv.; the machines of it sclass. In connection with 
these machines, cutters of various forms are required and 
the linn have a separate department of their works that is 
exclusively devoted to the manufacture of all kinds of 
cutters used for routing purposes. The Royle Routing 
cutters are made with special machinery and appliances of 
their own design that have been added from time to time 
to the works of the firm as requirements demanded. 
Their cutters have become famous for their excellence 
throughout this country wherever routing machines are 
used. 

Another one of their specialties is a new cabinet saw of 
very neat design ; it is used for cutting and squaring up 
stereotype plates or photo-process engravings; it will cut 
blocked as well as unblocked plates. The repeater for 
Jacquard cards is .mother one of their specialties. This 
machine is designed for re-producing Jacquard cards rap- 
idly. It is automatic in all its motions and is abundant!} 
powerful and strong to do the heaviest cutting required. 

The absolute certainty with which all the motions on 
this machine will perform their several functions places it 
fat" in advance of any other of its kind. The punches in 
particular are infallible in their action; no springs, cords, 
nor other uncertain appliances being used to control them. 
The Royles were the first to undertake the manufacture, 
in this country, of this class of machines. 

Still another specially is their piano machine for Jac- 
quard cards. It is adapted to cut cards from 100s to 900s 
Jacquard, and lias besides the well known devices of those 
in common use, others which render it especially convenient 
and efficient. 

The Royle Dobby is another specialty of theirs. This 
little machine is readily attachable to right or left looms, 
or looms of any width without special alteration or change, 
and may be quickly placed in position ready for use. 
Owing to a novel application of duplex toggle levers the 



192 



PA 7 ERSi W, 1IJ.USTK. I TED. 



knife and grid when fulls extended, assume practically a 
slate of rest, or dwell. This feature is undoubtedly ad- 
vantageous a> a dwell at that stage affords time for the 
shuttle to pass through the warp with less lift and conse- 
quently less strain upon the warp threads. A recent im- 
provement in the construction of tins machine is that oil 
dripping off the working parts is prevented from getting 
upon the goods that are being woven. 

Another specialty deserving of notice is a frame for 
guide pulleys which is a neat compact arrangement for 
adjusting the pulleys, making it adaptable for places in 
which there is no room for a countershaft, and also for 
guiding a twisted belt, transmitting motion to a pullcv 
placed at right angles, or anj other angle, to the driver. 

This firm also manufactures many other kinds of im- 
proved silk machinerj such as doublers, spinners, twisters, 
covering machines, broad goods and ribbon warpers, quill- 
ers, etc. The latter machine is used in winding the shut- 
tle spools that are employed in weaving silk dress goods. 

The Royle doubling-quilling machine is the fust suc- 
cessful machine of its kind made in this country. Here- 
tofore it has keen cusloinaiv to assemble the silk threads 
upon a doubling frame, preparatory to winding the quills 
upon the quilling machine. With the Royle machine, 
however, the assembling, or "doubling," as it is termed, 
is done with the winding of the threads upon the quill. 
1!\ combining the two operations a large saving is effect- 
ed, not only in labor but in floor space, power ami in other 
respects. The machine has mam other desirable features. 
In winding there is no friction whatever upon the silk. 
consequentl) "burning" or rubbing off of delicate colors is 
entirely avoided. Oil cannot be thrown from the working 
pails upon the silk, the mechanism being so separated 
below the threads as to completely obviate this evil. The 
ssibility of working parts has keen studied very thor- 
oughly and the machine is remarkable for convenience in 
this respect. In short, all the textile machines built at 
these works are the finest of their kind and meet most 
thoroughly the peculiar needs of the American silk indus- 
t r \ . 

Their waste and flushing valve lor privy vaults has keen 
favorably received. The construction of these valves is 
ven simple and durable, and a great number are in use. 

Another excellent machine made I ■ x this linn is one for 
manufacturing all sizes of plain and corrugated seamless 
rubber tubing, or tubing made of plastic material, such as 
celluloid, and other kindred compounds; this machine is 
also adapted for making solid cord and various odd shapes 
in soft and hard rubber, and for insulating wire used for 
electrical purposes. The advantage of this machine i-. 
that it can make tubing \er\ economically and of any 
length, whereas previous to the introduction of this 
machine by the Royles it was customary to make tubing 
by hand and in lengths nol greater than twelve feet. Al- 
though this establishment had its origin amid very humble 
surroundings, it is to-day a notable example of the results 
of industry, enterprise and intelligence. Previous to [S62 



Mr. |olm Royle, the founder of the firm, was engaged in 

the manufacture of iotar\ force pumps. In this year lie 

rented a small room on Water street where he commenced 

and carried on a general machinist business, which ex- 
panded and in 1N72 demanded larger quarters. Shortly 
alter this, his son |ohn was taken into partnership, and 
the name of the linn was thereafter |ohn Royle A Son. 

In [879, his son Vernon was admitted into partner- 
ship, and the firm name was changed to |ohn Royle >V 

Sons. The prosperity of the linn again demanded larger 
quarters, which were found on Railroad avenue. Here 

the business began to assume considerable proportions 
and in [888 led to the erection of the buildings now occu- 
pied and owned by the firm. The lot on which these 
buildings now stand is 200x100 feet, of which 100x50 feet 

is occupied by the main building. This structure has 
three Stories, each [3 feet in the clear, and a basement ol 
i) feet. 

All the rooms are well lighted and ventilated, and ex- 
cellent provision has keen made tor heating by exhaust or 
by live steam, it is so arranged that either side of one story 
or the whole of it can be heated independently of the oth- 
ers. The following novel way of ventilating the base- 
ment has keen adopted and works well: The boiler 

house adjoins the main building with a large archway left 
between the two; and on account of the 75 hoist- power 
Hazelton boiler, the boiler house is comparatively high. 
Its roof is provided with large ventilating sashes, and when 
these ate open there results an upward current of air. 
which thoroughly ventilates the basement. 

The main building is replete with the most modern im- 
proved machinery and facilities for handling material, en- 
abling the firm to produce machines of excellent work- 
manship and meet keen competition. The machinery is 
driven 1>\ a <jxi_' straight line engine, furnished by John 
E. Sweet, of Syracuse, New York. 

The whole business is carried on in a very systematic 
manner; particular attention has keen given to the tool 
room in which the tools used for manufacturing purposes 

aie classified, and those used for each machine an- placed 

by themselves in drawers which are properly labeled, so 
that the tools can be readily found and given out in good 
order when the\ are wanted. In fact no pains or expense 
have keen spared to make this establishment a model shop. 

Mi;, Robert Athekton was born in Westchester 

County, N. Y. After he had attended school there for 

some time his family removed to New 1 oik and Mr. Ath- 
erty completed his education in the schools of the metrop- 
olis. In iS|S he came to Paterson and was first employ- 
ed iii a cotton mill. Subsequentl) he entered the employ- 
ment of William Beresford, a manufacturer of rollers, for 

thi' purpose of learning the trade of machinist. At the 

death of Mr. Beresford Mr. Atherton went to work for 
Benjamin Buckley and in this establishment finished his 
education as a journeyman machinist. For the purpose of 
extending his knowledge of all kinds of machinery he ob- 
tained employment in the Danforth locomotive works and 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



193 



remained there two years, at the expiration of which time 
he returned to Mr. Buckley's establishment, where he con- 
tinned for two years. From iSsj to 1S61 he was in the 

employ of John E. Van Winkle and then started in busi- 
ness for himself in Lane's building' in Van Houten street. 
Here he remained about a year, when he obtained a room 
in the building occupied by John E. Van Winkle. Sub- 
sequently he formed a partnership with Samuel Watson 
and the firm of Atherton & Watson occupied a building in 
Van Houten street for two and a half years. Mr. Ather- 
ton started for himself on the dissolution of the firm and 
shortly afterwards removed to the Franklin mill, where 
he remained until the building was destroyed by tire. lie 
then associated himself with Mr. George P. Van Riper in 
the Van Riper Manufacturing Company and for twelve 
years was superintendent of the factory of that firm. In 
1S7S Mr. Atherton again established himself as general 
machinist in the Franklin mill and he still continues his 
industry at that place. The schooling he had received in 
so mans establishments added to a naturally inventive dis- 
position soon brought abundant fruit in the shape of or- 
ders for silk machinery and other work. lie started out 
with the determination that every machine that left his 
shop should be as perfect as skill and good material could 
make it and he has lived up to that principle ever since. 
He has obtained a number of patents on machines and it 
has frequently been said of him that his machines always 
do better than they are expected to do. He occupies about 
seven thousand square feet of room in the Franklin Mill, 
with a superb equipment of the finest tools and machinery, 
and employs upwards of fifty skilled artisans in the con- 
struction of hard and sott silk machinery, winders, doub- 
ters, power warpers, quilling machines and general and 
special machinery for all purposes connected with textile 
manufacture. Among the products of the establishment is 
a quiller which is claimed to be superior to any other for 
use in ribbon manufacturing, on account of its perfect stop 
motion, its economy as to waste and the admirable edge 
formed on the product. Among the specialties now made 
at the works is a spinning frame which is but eighteen 
inches in width — instead of two and a half feet, the ordin- 
ary width of these frames — and runs 216 spindles instead 
of 10S. Peculiarly effective machinery, builtat the works, 
has been in operation for several years past in accurately 
cutting and winding ribbon and telegraph paper, which is 
another important specialty of this establishment. Mr. 
Atherton's three sons assist him in conducting his business, 
Robert II. as superintendent of the wood-working depart- 
ment, Frank as general outdoor manager and Frederick as 
superintendent of the iron working department. Mr. Ath- 
erton himself maintains a general superintendence of the 
whole business. 

It is but natural that a man of Mr. Atherton's character 
for uprightness and energy should be asked to take part in 
the councils that govern the city and counts" and as a mat- 
ter of fact he has frequently been offered office. He. how- 
ever, never evinced the slightest inclination to hold office 
21 



and always declined, preferring at all limes to attend 
Strictly to his business. lie needed all his time to look af- 
ter his commercial and industrial interests and as past suc- 
cesses had indicated to him that he was very useful in the 
sphere of machinist and inventor he preferred to continue 
in the course he had mapped out for himself when still a 
young man. Few persons in Paterson can boast of a 
larger circle of friends than Mr. Atherton and none can ic- 
ier to a career which has been more useful. 

The Watson Machine Company. — One of the most 
important iron manufacturing establishments in the city ot 
l'aterson is the Watson Machine Company, whose incep- 
tion dates back to the year 1S50 when Mr. William G. 
Watson and his brother. Mr. fames Watson, set up a 
machine shop in one of the buildings belonging to the 
Franklin mill property. They had previous to this ob- 
tained a thorough practical knowledge of machine-making 
in all its branches but it was with some hesitation that 
they embarked in business on their own account. Once 
launched, however, they devoted themselves to their busi- 
ness with untiring zeal and at the end of the first sear they 
had turned out thirty thousand dollars' worth of machinery 
and found themselves in possession of a considerable plant. 
They then removed to the Nightingale mill where they 
occupied the whole of the first Moor; they erected a black- 
smith shop in the rear of the premises and subsequently 
occupied the second floor of the building. Then they 
built a frame foundry along the raceway on Van Houten 
street. In 1S60 they purchased a large tract of land on 
the southwest comer of Grand street and Railroad avenue 
where they erected a large brick machine shop and intro- 
duced steam for the running of the machinery. Their 
specialty was mill-wright work but they newer hesitated to 
undertake any kind of work in their line. In 1S6S Mr. S. 
S. I'ost obtained the contract from Passaic County for the 
old Straight street bridge, and Mr. David Henry, who was 
a Freeholder, wishing to have it built in Paterson intro- 
duced him to the Watsons and they built this bridge. Mr. 
Post was so well pleased with the Paterson mechanical work 
that he entered into an arrangement whereby the Watsons 
built his bridges, which were patented, and they paid him a 
royalty on them. The firm did millions of dollars' worth 
of bridge work but their successful career received a check 
in 1872 when their establishment was destroyed by fire, 
entailing a loss of seventy-five thousand dollars. The dis- 
aster, however, did not check their energy and the machine 
works were at once re-built but on a considerably larger 
scale. In a short time they were again ready for orders 
and the latter were not waited for, as they came in from all 
quarters. The linn Vault a number of bridges for the Erie 
railroad company, including the tine structure at Susque- 
hanna ami the Portage viaduct. In addition to these they 
built a large number of bridges for Passaic County, for the 
city of Xew York in Central and Park, the Harlem Kiyer 
draw bridge tor the Central Railroad. They furnished 
ami elected the iron work tor the Metropolitan Museum 
of Natural History, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the 



i 9 4 PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



Equitable Building, the Lenox Librar) and other proini- until the) vvenl into business for themselves as is described 

nenl buildings in New York city. After a number 1 f ad- in the sketch of W. < •• & J. Watson, the Watson Manu- 

ditions had been built and the establishment was one of facturing Company and the Watson Machine Company, 

the largest in the country, the whole w as again wiped out Mr. Watson was a m tn of great stability of character and 

b) fire in 1S75, causing a loss of a hundred and fifty thous- one who b) his ever pleasant ways and fair dealing made 

I dollars. Although seriouslj hampered by this severe hosts of friends. In politics he was an unswerving Demo- 
loss the firm at once started again and put up the build- crat. In [855 and [856 he represented the Fifth Ward of 
ings at present occupied b) the Watson Machine Com- Paterson in the Board of Aldermen and in [866 In- was 
pany. These buildings are all of brick with the following elected Mayor of Paterson. Although often importuned 
dimensions: —One two stories in height, one hundred and to again accept nominations for political offices he stead- 
twenty by forty-four feet on Railroad avenue and one bun- lastly declined. He died on Jul) 7. [SS >. 
dred and fift) by sixty feet on 1 1 rand street : connected with James W vtson was born in Chorley, Lancashire. Eng- 
this. on the south, on Railroad avenue, another, three land, and came to this country when six years of age. lie 
stories high, fifty by seventy-five feet; next, south of the remained in Belleville for two years and came to Paterson 
last, a foundry, one hundred and fifty by eighty-five feet; with his parents, and when nine years old began to work 
on Dale avenue a blacksmith shop fift) by one hundred in the duck mill, tending willow for John Colt for a cou- 
feet, and a pattern house thirty l>v sixty, three stories, pie of years, and then in the woolen mill, and again in the 
\ 1 1 thi id lire in [875 the firm confined themselves cotton mill for Joseph Nightengale. lie began to learn 
to the general work of a machine shop, having abandoned the trade of machinist at Brundred's shop on the corner 
bridge and structural ironwork. The business at first was of Market and Hotel streets, under his brother William <;.. 
carried on under the name of W. G. cc L Watson: in who was foreman. After this shop burned down he lin- 
[S65 the) were incorporated as the Watson Manufactur- ished his apprenticeship at the Union Works. Alter he 
ing Company ; this was changed in rSSs; to the Watson was out of his time he assisted his brother \n all his under- 
Machine Company, and the establishment at the present takings and they worked together all their lives. James 
day is run by this company, which is composed of W. G. Watson attended to the outside work and traveled all 
Watson, president; Tames Watson, vice president: and over the Union securing orders and seeing to their execu 
Samuel L Watson, secretary and treasurer. Hon. lie and his nephew, Samuel J. Watson, now con- 

Wii.i.iwi (J. Watson was horn March 4th. i8iQ,.in duct the business of the Watson Machine Company. 

Chorley, Lancashire, England. lie came to this country Swu 1:1. Smiiii & Son. — Mr. Samuel Smith was horn 

when about ten years of age with his mother and met his in Ireland in [815 and came to this country when he was 

father in Belleville, N. J., his father leaving there two about twelve years of age. He was employed for some 

years before. He worked there with his lather in the time in Digby, Nova Scotia, in the family of Rev. Botts- 

print works and intended to become a printer, but injured ford Viets, after which he came to Paterson with his 

his hand in the rolls. After staying in Belleville two family. Here he learned the trade of moulder in the 

years his father moved to Paterson and worked at Brun- Rogers locomotive works and in 1843 associated himself 

dred's machine shop at Oldham, now known as ILdedon. with Judge Whitely and Thomas Beggs and established a 

His son worked for three years in Colt's cotton mill and machine shop in the Franklin mill. In [845 he was asso- 

then began to serve his time as a machinist at Brundred's ciated with James Jackson. Patrick Magennis and W'il- 

shop. He served an apprenticeship of five years and was liam Swinburne, who constituted the firm of Swinburne, 

foreman of a department six months before lie was out .if Smith & Co.. and who erected a machine shop on prop- 

his time. During this time he went to the private night erty on the racewa) between John — now Ellison — and 

scl 1 of Mr. White in Smith street, and later walked up Boudinot— now Van Houten — streets. At the opening of 

to Preakness from Oldham every night to learn draught- the Eastern Division of the Erie railroad in 1N4S the linn 

ing. After he was out of his time he was employed in gave up the machine business and started making locomo- 

the large machine works on Market and I Iotel streets, and rives, making the first engine for the Erie railroad in May, 

was a foreman there till the works were burned down in 1848. The firm employed about a hundred ami lift) men 

1848. After this fire he became foreman for Hugh Beggs and the first year turned out five or six engines. In [849 
at the Union Works, and leaving there he succeeded Thorn- the plant was removed to the building which is now tin- 
as Beggs, the father of James Beggs, as foreman of Smith. main building ol the < iianl locomotive works. I I ere they 
Jackson & McGuinness' shop. He moved to Newburgh employed about three hundred men and carried on the 

for a couple of years and worked on very delicate machin- business with great energ) and industry for two years 

ery for making pins. Prom Newburgh he moved to New despite serious embarrassment due to their liberalit) in 

York and took charge of General Harvev's screw factory endorsing paper for other manufacturers. In [852 the 

for a couple of years, and when there made arrangements business was incorporated under the name ol tin- New 

to superintend the building of Israel Killgsman's burr lersev Locomotive and Machine Works and about si\ 

machinerv in Paterson. He remained there for five years months afterwards Mr. Swinburne withdrew. The busi- 

conducting this business, assisted b) his brother, fames. ness was Successful!) carried on until some time alter the 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



'9: 



breaking out of the war of the rebellion, when O. D. 
Giant, "f New York, acquired a controlling interest in the 
works and speedily reorganized the business under the 
name of the Grant Locomotive Works. Mr. Smith retired 
from business for a few years but restless under the burden 
of idleness he again engaged in manufacturing, having or- 
ganized with the late Philip Rafferty the Rafferty & Smith 
Boiler Works. This business was carried on until 1872, 
when it was absorbed in the Todd cc Rafferty Manufac- 
turing Company, in which Mr. Smith was a minority 
stockholder. lie was appointed an administrator of the 
estate of Mr. Rafferty and in the interest of the estate was 
elected President of' the Todd & Rafferty Company. He 
might then have profitably disposed of his own interests in 
the works but he remained faithful to his trust as adminis- 
trator of the estate of his deceased business associate; his 
interest was extinguished in the final settlement of the 
affairs of the company. In the mean time, in 1S67, Mr. 
Smith had become interested in the Empire Manufactur- 
ing Company, having become associated in that enterprise 
with Jacob S. Rogers, D. B. Grant and Abram Collier; 
they built the Empire mill and conducted it with Aaron 
Polhemus, a practical cotton spinner, until 1 S 7 2 , when it 
was closed, having become unprofitable. In 1.S7N with 
his old time energy he again undertook the making of 
boilers, procuring for that purpose the commodious shop 
on Railroad avenue, near Greene street, formerly operated 
by Rafferty & Smith. In 1SS2 he took his son. Charles 
R. Smith, into partnership with him and the firm of Sam- 
uel Smith iV. Son was established. Since the death of Mr. 
Smith, which took place on March 2S. iSSS. the business 
has been conducted by his son under the old firm name. 

The boilers made by this firm have a reputation for ex- 
cellence in material and workmanship second to none, as is 
attested by their being placed for power and heating in a 
number of large structures in this country, including The 
Xew York World building, the Washington, Boreel, 
Mutual Life, Aldrich Court. Columbia. Manhattan Eleva- 
ted railroad company's buildings, the Wagner Palace Car 
Company's building in Buffalo, the large mills of the Bar- 
bour Flax Spinning Company ami the William Strange 
silk mills in Paterson and in most of the factories in the 
cities of Paterson and Passaic. 

Mr. Smith was married in 1S37 t " Alicia Morrow, a 
daughter of Arthur Morrow, of Paterson, a member of 
the Morrow family, who for a number of years operated 
the woolen mills at Hawthorne, then and still known as 
Morrow's Mills. At his death he left his widow and six 
children. Margaret I"... |ane I"., Alicia M.. Samuel, Wil- 
liam M. anil Charles R., surviving him. 

Mr. Smith always took a great interest in everything 
pertaining to the advancement of the city of Paterson and 
his counsel and assistance could always be relied upon. 
He was a member of the second board that had charge of 
the municipal government of the city, having been elected 
a committeeman in 1853. I" '^5 () he was elected Mayor 



of the cit\ and subsequently in 1S6S-70 represented the 
Fourth Ward in the Board of Aldermen. 

J. C. Todd's Machine Works. — Joseph C. Todd, 
who had learned the trade of carpenter at Somerville, X. 
J., came to Paterson in 1836, and being employed in the 
machine shop of Godwin. Clark & Co., learned to make 
patterns there for machinery. Several years after, while 
employed in the Oldham works, he built the first success- 
ful hemp spinning machine. This turned his thoughts in 
a new direction and in 1S47 he formed a partnership with 
Daniel Mackey, another skillful Paterson mechanic, and 
they set up for themselves in the building of hemp and 
flax and other machinery of all kinds. They had very 
little capital and hired a part of the first floor of the old 
frame Nightingale mill on Van Houten street, taking pos- 
session July 3. 1847. They had only two lathes, one of 
which they had borrowed. Thev there built the first silk 
machinery made in Paterson. From this humble beginning 
they gradually built up a business that in two years' time 
demanded ampler accommodations and then they took the 
basement of the shop owned by the Bradleys, where the 
Machinists' Association works now are on Prospect street 
and Broadway. In 1850 Philip Rafferty, a successful busi- 
ness man, and a very shrewd financier, was taken into the 
firm, which then became Todd. Mackey & Co. In Novem- 
ber, 1N50. the) bought the present location of the works 
on Van Houten street, next west of the old Niehtineale 
mill, where the business had been commenced. It is a 
striking evidence of the success of the concern that their 
works are far more extensive than the whole of the Nightin- 
gale mill, of which they originalb occupied but a very small 
part. In their new quarters the firm engaged far more ex- 
tensively than before in the manufacture of hemp and flax 
machinery in all its branches, including rope machinery, 
jute and bagging machinery. The firm also engaged on 
a large scale in the building of steam engines of every 
class and in a short time had acquired an enviable repu- 
tation in that department of manufacture. Their original 
business continued to prosper until they became the only 
manufacturers in America of hemp and flax machinery. Mr. 
Todd gave this his closest personal attention, making sever- 
al valuable inventions in this class of machinery, on which 
patents were taken out from time to time. In 1S55 Mr. 
Mackey retired and the firm became Todd & Rafferty. 
In the spring of 1 S72 the concern was turned into a stock 
corporation, the Todd & Rafferty Machine Company, 
Mr. Todd being president and Mr. Rafferty treasurer. 
The boiler shop of Rafferty, Smith & Co.. on Railroad 
avenue, was merged into the compan) also. Mr. Raffertj 
attended to the Xew York business generally, where the 
firm had a large store for the sale of machinery and an 
agency for their works. Mr. Rafferty dying in July, 
iNjj. the affairs of the company were thrown into chan- 
cery and for a month or two the shops were closed, when 
Mr. Todd resumed the control of the works, which he 
has since retained. When the panic of 1873 came on and 
nearly every machine shop in Paterson was closed, he 



196 PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



went about and by indefatigable industry got orders for all used foi engine-buildiqg and turning, and the second and 

sorts of engines and machinery whereby he was enabled third for fitting, carpenter work, &c. ; a frame machine 

i.i give employment to a goodly number of men. Any- simp. 130x30x^0 feet, part oi it one story and part oi it 

thing and e\ erything that came a Ion- and promised work two and a half stories high ; a brick foundry, .i5 xl JO (t ' rl ; 

was confidently taken in hand. Foi instance, there was a besides a pattern shop, a mill wright shop, carpenter shop, 

large order for the Baxter marine engine, at a time when &c. Mr. Todd's store in New York is at No. 36 Dey 

that engine was expected to revolutionize the svstem of street. 

navigation on the Erie canal. Since then large numbers b>si pn C. Todd was born in Bridgewater Township, 

of these engines have been turned out lor use on steam Somerset County", X. J., March _\ 1 N 1 — . Ilis father, 

launches, yachts, tugs ami freighting vessels of even size. John 1. Todd, engaged in agricultural pursuits during his 

The} are from two 1,1 fort) horse-power and sell at from life in that locality, was :t man of character and standing, 

$420 io $2,350. Mr. [odd has also become the owner of and one of the lav judges of the count) for several years. 

the patent Baxter portable engine, of which he has manu- His mother, whose maiden name was Ann Castner, was 

factured mam hundreds. These little engines are from horn near Somerville, X. ]. Seven children were horn 

one to foui horse-power and sell for $150 to $,150. They of the marriage, \i/.: — Stephen: Catherine, who married 

are much used in printing offices, in running sewing Lewis Harrison, of Somerville: Joseph C, James, John 

machines and wherever a small power onl} is needed. A., Augustus, and Rachel Ann. wife of John Van Nos- 

One of them will run a press for ten hours and with the trand, of Romulus, X. Y. Stephen resides at Dunellen, 

consumption of half a bushel of coal. It is no wonder X. T-- where he is a large property owner; lames has 

they are popular. One ol them occupies onlj about as been successfully engaged in the dry goods business in 

much room as a large base-burning stove. Mr. Todd still New York city lor many years; John A. is a minister of 

builds steam engines of all kinds and sizes, not confining the Dutch Reformed denomination ami pastor of the 

himself by any means to these small portable engines, church at Tarrytown, N. Y. ; Augustus is also a minister 

lie also makes flax, hemp. jute, rope, oakum ami silk of that denomination and pastor of the church at Schoha- 

machinery, which finds its way to all parts of the world, rie, X. Y. 

He built the first silk machinery used b) James Walthall. The early years of Joseph C.Todd's life wen- passed 

by John C. Benson, by llamil .V Booth, and others, in his native county where he received a good common 

While some of the imported foremen in flax and hemp school education. At the age of sixteen he left home in 

mills in America declare that there is no machinery equal order to learn the trade of carpenter with his uncle. James 

to that made in the "old country" and consequently dis- Castner of Somerville, where he remained three years, 

courage the use of American machinery, on the other He then went to New York city, where he worked at his 

hand there are at least a dozen of the leading flax, jute trade as journeyman for a few months, and when nineteen 

and hemp mills in England and Scotland which are years of age came to Paterson, where he worked in the 

equipped with machinery built at the Todd works in Pat- employ of David Reed for a short time, laboring, among 

erson. This is a significant commentary on the unreason- other things, on the Cross street M. E. Church. Soon af- 

ing prejudice I ften evinced by the imported foremen ter he secured employment in the machine shop of God- 

and superintendents who are disposed to see nothing good win. Clark & Co., where he remained about a year and 

that does not come from abroad. In Russia the native meantime learned how- to make patterns for machinery. 

hemp is separated and spun by machinery invented and lie next entered the machine shop of Rogers, Ketchum & 

built by Mr. Todd, and his machines have found their Grosvenor and was there employed when the first locomo- 

way even to China and Australia, while for forty years tive engine, the ••Sandusky." was built in 1836-37. lie 

the products oi this concern have- been familiar in Mexico. at first made the wooden frames to put around locomotives 

South America and Canada, as well as throughout the but when William Swinburne was promoted to the Super- 

1 mi. .I Mate-, wherever flax and hemp machinery is used, intendency, succeeded him as pattern maker and worked 

Rope machinery of all kinds is made, including machinery in that department in connection with Watts Cooke and 

for making topes out of sisal, a species of hemp from John Cooke. He remained in that position for four or 

Mexico. Mr. Todd has filled orders to the amount of five years at a dollar a day compensation and then estab- 

hundreds of thousands of dollars for machinery to make lished a sash and blind manufactory, which lies 1 gave 

twine to be used on patent harvesters in tying up the up. He next occupied the position of head patternmaker 

grain with twine instead of wire. A spinning jenny with in the Oldham machine shops for a few years and while 

a line liver twists the twine and runs it off on the bobbins. there devised the first successful hemp spinning machine 

from which it is wound offinto balls eight inches in iliam- that was ever built, making several improvements in the 

.and these are attached to the harvesters by machinery original plan ol' construction. He has since- made a spec- 
which (haw s .ml the Ivv ine ami hinds the grain and ties a ialtv of manufacturing hemp and flax machinery and has la- 
knot as neatly as the most experienced hand could do. ken out several different patents on them in this country and 
The works comprise a brick building, three si,,,j r s high, in Europe, the latest on May [5,1880. [n 1844, in company 
110x45 feet, with extension 1.0x75 feet, the first story being with Daniel Mackey, he engaged in the manufacture of 



PA TERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



197 



hemp and flax machinery in the James Nightingale mill. 
on the lower raceway, and met with so much success that 
two years later they were compelled to seek more commo- 
dious rooms in the Bradley mill, which stood on the pres- 
ent site of the Machinists" Association building. Three 
years later, needing both more capital and more room to 
meet the demands of their rapidly increasing business, 
Philip Rafferty was admitted to the concern, and in 1850 
the firm ot Todd. Mackey & Co. was organized. The 
new firm at once purchased of the estate of Daniel S. 
llolsman the property on the lower raceway that has since 
been occupied by the extensive machine shops of the con- 
cern, and commenced the manufacture of machinery on a 
large scale. In 1N55 Mr. Mackey withdrew and the enter- 
prise was carried on under the name of Todd & Rafferty, 
until April, 1872, when it became the Todd & Rafferty 
Machine Company, with Mr. Todd as president and Mr. 
Rafferty as treasurer. The latter died on July 30, 1S72, 
and the business has since been conducted by Mr. Todd 
alone. Upon securing the present location in 1S50. the 
concern began the manufacture of steam engines and grad- 
ually ran into the making of flax, hemp, silk, jute and bag- 
ging machinery of different kinds. The products of the 
works have been sold all over the world, and the machin- 
ery for not less than a dozen factories in England and 
Scotland has been designed, built and put up by the con- 
cern. Mr. Todd has been the mechanic of the enterprise 
throughout the entire term of its existence, and his skill 
and ability in that direction have contributed very largely 
to its success. He has visited Europe three times on l>us- 
iness for the firm in iS^o,, 1S60, 1S62 and 1S63. Besides 
being engaged in the making of machinery he has also 
been actively connected with other manufacturing enter- 
prises in which he has achieved great success. For eight- 
een years he has been engaged in the manufacture of jute 
baergingf for coveriiiLT cotton, on the corner of Taylor and 
Jackson streets. New mills were erected in 1873 and the 
capacity of the works is six thousand yards of bagging a 
day. about ninet) men being employed. Mr. Todd is also 
chief owner of a silver mine in Colorado and the sole- 
owner of the Davenport Consolidated Mining and Smelt- 
ing Company of Mineral City in that state. 

lie has never been a public man or engaged in political 
matters, although be was city treasurer of Paterson for 
three or four years, at the same time filling the position of 
Alderman from the Sixth Ward. He has been a large 
stockholder in the Mechanics and Traders' (now First Na- 
tional) Bank of Jersey City from the time of its organiza- 
tion. He was married in 1836 to Miss Emeline Bogar- 
dus, of Paterson, and has two daughters, Harriet and An- 
na Todd. 

The Riverside Bridge and Ikon Works. — The 
Riverside Bridge and Iron Works were established about 
10 years ago. by Mr. Charles O. Brown, and he has been 
at the head of that establishment ever since. lie was born 
and educated in Germany, and commenced his career as 
Civil Engineer in 1872, on the Fourth avenue improve- 



ment in New York city. In 1873, he was admitted to mem- 
bership in the American Society of Civil Engineers, and 

has been identified with the designing and manufacturing 
of structural iron since that time. 

The immediate cause of the establishing of the works 
was bis three years' trip to South America, whence he re- 
turned with numerous orders. The works which were es- 
tablished on a small scale, covering only eight city lots. 
to till these orders, were extended, ami they include at 
present the block bounded by Lyon, East 5th, Putnam and 
Wait streets, thus covering 2ij city lots, the property of 
the present company. They adjoin the Erie Railroad and 
a switch runs into the works. The latter circumstance 
enables them to manufacture very large girders and other 
heavy pieces ot iron work which are placed directly upon 
the cars of the Erie Railroad. 

This establishment on account of long experience and 
practical engineering knowledge has beeli constantly im- 
proving, particularly the construction of fire-proof build- 
ings in New York city, and has thus been instrumental in 
changing the style of construction during the last ten years. 
While before that time a girder thirty feet long was consid- 
ered a heavy piece of iron to put into a building, the put- 
ting in of girders one hundred feet long, made, shipped and 
erected in one piece, is at present not extraordinary at all. 
In iSSS the proprietor deemed it advisable to transform 
the business into a company, of which he himself is now 
president, with Mr. (i. 1'lanten. treasurer, and Mr. W. < i. A. 
Millar secretary. A branch office is established at iS Broad- 
way. New York city. 

A large number of iron structures have been elected in 
that city and Brooklyn by the company. At this moment 
for instance, they furnish the iron work for the large store- 
age and warehouse in course of erection on the corner of 
43d street and Lexington avenue, X. Y., and for the so- 
called Wechsler building, in Brooklyn, at Fulton and Duf- 
field streets, besides numerous other works in the above 
cities. 

But. as has been said before, the company's field of labor 
is not restricted to the United States, and in South America 
the name of the Riverside Bridge anil Iron Works is cred- 
itably connected with the erection of many bridges, tele- 
graph towers, piers, etc. 

The average number of hands in the shop and outside is 
two hundred, turning out 20.000,000 pounds of manu- 
factured iron per year. 

The company manufactures not only railway and high- 
way bridges, but also structural and ornamental iron 
work of all descriptions for buildings, iron awnings, 
balconies, beams, capitals, columns, cornices, domes, doors, 
fire escapes, fronts, girders, lintels, patent lights, roofs, 
railings, rolling and folding shutters, side-walk, elevators, 
sills, sky-lights, stairs, stoops, window guards, etc. 

Space docs not allow to give a complete list of all the im- 
portant buildings and bridges made by this company, but 
among them are the following: 

Bridges — The new iron bridges tor the Rochester I)i- 






TERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



vision and [efterson branch of the N. 1 .. I.. E. & \\ . 
K. R. : Hackensack draw. Erie K. R. ; PassaicFalls; 
Clax Sunt Bridge, Newark, N. J.; Float bridges, piers 7 
and s. Long Dock, Jerse} Citx ; Float bridge, Lehigh Val- 
ley; float bridge foi the Standard Oil Company, besides 
a number of Highway bridgesinNev* Jersey and elsewhere. 

Buildings, etc. — Liverpool, London and Globe Build- 
ing, Newark. N. ).; Zinsser buildings in Washington and 
Beach street, and William street, New York : Arion build- 
ing, Vw York; Erie R. R. Ferry .shed. Jersey City; 
Building of Smith, Gray & Co., Brooklyn; Manhattan 
Storage and Warehouse, (.2d street and Lexington avenue ; 
Grand stand and club house, and saddling paddocks, Mor- 
ris Park, etc., etc. Freight sheds for Pacific Mail Steam- 
ship Company, at Aspinwall; Passenger stations Panama 
R. R. at Colon and Panama, etc., etc. 

I'm Pioneer Sn k Company. — Mr. John Kyle bore 
the same relations to the '•ilk industry of this country that 
Mr. Thomas Rogers bore to the locomotive industry; it 
would be impossible to give even a meagre account of the 
silk industry w ithout dwelling to a greater or less extent on 
the work of |ohn Rvle. without referring to his indefati- 
gable exertions or admiring the zeal and energy with 
which he laid the foundations of an industry which has 
brought tame and fortune to Paterson. The indirect heri- 
tage of Paterson from Mr. Ryle consists of thousands of 
ns and scores of mills; the direct heritage consists of 
the Pioneer Silk Company andthe Passaic Water Company; 

his connection with the latter is ably told on Other pages 
by one of his co-laborers; the subject of this sketch is his 
connection with the silk industry. 

When Mr. Ryle first came to this country he went to 
Northampton, Mass., where he worked on a ribbon loom 
in the employ of Samuel Whitmarsh, who had begun the 
manufacture of silk on a very small scale. After spend- 
a few months he went to New York where he estab- 
lished the silk importing business in a small way on the 
comer of Maiden Lane ami William street. His brothers 

in England furnished him with his stock in trade, coiisjst- 
ing of silk handkerchiefs. lie continued in this business 
but a few months when he became acquainted w ith ( i< 
W . Murray, with whom he was afterwards associated for 
years. Mr. Murray contemplated establishing the silk 
business in Paterson and at his solicitation Mr. Ryle visited 
that city t'or the purpose of examining the old •■dun Mill" 
of Samuel Colt with a view to its appropriation t'or the uses 
of silk manufacture. I p to this time no silk had been manu- 
factured in Paterson. although Christopher Colt had made 
attempt without satisfactory results. This was the 
foundation of the silk industry of Paterson. and. in fact, in 
the United States, for until Mr. Ryle bent his energies in 
that direction none but abortive attempts had been made to 
manufacture silk in this country. Mr. Murray purchased 
the mill at Mr. Kyle's advice and at once started the man- 
facture of silk, placing Mr. Ryle in full charge of the mill. 
M r. Ryle w as the first in this country to put silk on a spi 10I, 
the successful experiment being du^- to a conference be- 



tween him and Elias Howe, the inventor of the Howe sew- 
ing machine. This enabled Mr. Howe to overcome one 

of the chief difficulties he had in perfecting his sewing ma- 
chine, a wax to feed the silk thread to the needle. Mr. 

Ryle's machine twist was the first produced of its kind that 
could be successfully used on a sewing machine. This 
was the beginning of the spool silk business which has 
since attained such large proportions in this country. Three 
years after the purchase of the nulls. Mr. K\lc was taken 
into partnership and the firm of Murray & R\ le did a flour- 
ishing business in the manufacture of sew ing silk and tw ist 
until the \ ear [S46, w hen Mr. Ryle purchased Mr. Murray 's 
interest and continued the business alone. Mr. Ryle was 

ceaselessly experimenting for the improvement andde\ elop- 
ment of the industry and was untiring in his efforts to get 
it properly recognized by Congress. As early as [S42 lu- 
be- an waiting on the sessions of that body to urge the mem- 
bers t < » sustain the infant manufacture by adequate protec- 
tion but it was twenty years before his views prevailed in 
Washington. He now began experimenting with power 
looms but his efforts did not succeed. The World's Fair 
coming to New York in tS;j. he set about weaving an 
American flag of silk, and produced a magnificent banner 
about twenty b\ forty feet, which floated lor many months 
oxer the Crystal Palace in New York, a never-failing ob- 
ject of admiration by patriotic Americans. It was the first 
time the national ensign had ever been produced from 
American silk looms. ( )f course Mr. Ryle received a 
medal and unbounded praise from the managers and from 
the public in general but it put little money in his pocket. 
In 1S55, he began the erection of a new mill which 
he called after his old patron, the Murray mill. It was 
on Mill street, opposite Ward, was seventy-three by 

two hundred feet in area and two stories high. The mill 
was built t'or the purpose of making sewing silk b\ hand. 
Before the mill was finished there was held in it a -real 
Republican meeting, the first in Paterson. which, was 
addressed by Henry Wilson, afterwards Nice President of 
the United States. In [S56 Mr. Ryle was running both 
the Gun mill and the Murray mill: he occupied the two 
lower floors of the former besides a small shop b\ the 

river. He was then employing between five and six hun- 
dred hands and used twenty-five or thirty bales of raw silk 
weekly, a production that was not exceeded by any mill 
in Paterson for ten or fifteen years afterwards. About 
[860 he began weaving once more on the second floor of 
the Murray mill and a year or two later removed from the 
Gun mill and concentrated all his business in the Murray 
mill. At this time the breaking out of the war had 
greath injured the manufacture of silk and the production 
was now almost entirely used in the manufacture of 
fringes. The enactment of the pi' >tecti\ e tariff of 1862 6 | 
and the high rate of exchange -axe the American silk in- 
dustry an impetus which it had long needed ami Mr. Ryle 
experienced the benefits in common with others. In [S6S 
he added a third story to his mill and enlarged his produc- 
tion, making trams and organzines, spun silks and em- 



PATERS ON, ILLUSTRATED. 



199 



broidery silks. No weaving was carried on in the enlarg- 
ed mill. Between four and five hundred hands were em- 
ployed. While thus embarked on the full tide of pros- 
perity a fire broke out in the mill on the afternoon of May 
10th, 1869, and within an hour the entire splendid struc- 
ture lay a smoking mass of ruins and $400,000 worth of 
property had been swept out of existence. There was not 
a dollar of insurance, so that Mr. Kyle's loss was total. 
It was enough to have crushed an ordinary man, but Mr. 
K\ le was not of that kind and without any delay he set 
about the erection of a new Murray mill. This was on a 
new plan, which has since been followed by a great many 
silk manufacturers. It was of brick, but only one-story 
high, lighted onlyfrom the roof by sky-lights with a north- 
ern exposure, the different rooms separated by solid brick 
partitions and many of the floors laid with bluestone flag- 
ging. The building covers an acre and a half of ground 
and is virtually fireproof, besides being fir more conven- 
ient and much safer than if several stories high. Mr. 
Ryle organized the Ryle Silk Manufacturing Company 
but this was subsequently changed to the Pioneer Silk 
Company. The company manufactures all kinds of silk, 
does all its own throwing and dyeing and is one of the 
very few establishments where all the processes of silk 
manufacture are carried on under the same roof. After 
the death of Mr. Ryle a number of others were admitted 
as stockholders. The president and treasurer is William 
Ryle; the vice president. Peter Ryle; the superintendent 
of the Paterson mill is Thomas M. Ryle, and the superin- 
tendent of the Allentown ( Pa. ) mill, an annex of the Pat- 
erson mill, is Reuben Ryle. Messrs. G. A. Hobart. J. 
W. Griggs, E. T. Bell, F. W. Wettlaufer and Fleitmann 
& Co. are stockholders. John Ryle, Jr., who had been 
a stockholder, died on August }o, 1886. 

John Ryle was born in the village of Bollington, near 
Macclesfield, Cheshire, England, on October 22, 1S17. 
His father was a machinist by trade. Out of a family of 
seventeen children only five grew to years of maturity, 
namely. Reuben. William, John. Sarah and Peter. Reu- 
ben and \\ illiam became prominent silk manufacturers of 
Macclesfield. England. Reuben was the father of 
John C. Ryle, at present extensively engaged in the 
silk manufacture in Paterson. and William of the late 
William Ryle. of this city. Peter also engaged in 
the manufacture of silk in Paterson and died there. In 
1S20 John Ryle's parents moved from Bollington to Mac- 
clesfield, where his father died in 1824 and his mother a 
few years afterwards. Thus early in youth was Mr. Ryle 
launched alone upon the sea of life. He never enjoyed any 
school advantages and imbibed all his education at the 
Sabbath school. Remarkable though it may seem he was 
placed in a silk mill at the tender age of five years and 
thus was veritably cradled in the midst of an industry that 
largely through his fostering care and intelligent labor has 
become one of the most important in the United States. 
Mr. Ryle worked in various silk mills in Macclesfield un- 
til 1S39. At that time, although superintending in a satis- 



factory and successful manner the large business of his 
brothers, R. & W. Ryle, he determined to embark for the 
New \\ orld to seek his fortunes among strangers in a 
strange land. His brothers were unable to dissuade him 
from what appeared in a youth of his years and experience 
a suicidal and disastrous course, anil on March 1. 1830. he 
sailed from Liverpool. His struggles and reverses in this 
country, happily crowned with success in his later years, 
have already been told. Mr. Ryle died at his home in 
Macclesfield on November <>. 1887; he had been spending 
-"ine time abroad in company with his daughter, in search 
for health and recreation. His remains were returned to 
this country and after funeral obsequies in the Second Pres- 
byterian church, which were attended by a large concourse 
of the residents of Paterson and a goodly number of per- 
sons from other cities, were interred in Cedar Lawn Cem- 
etery, where a noble shaft marks the last resting place of 
the man who did so much to bring about the present pros- 
perity of the city of his adoption. 

Dexter, Lambert & Co. — The firm of Dexter. Lam- 
bert & Co. was organized nearly forty years ago at Boston, 
Mass . by Anson Dexter, who previously had been asso- 
ciated with the late Mr. B Tilt, in the firm which had for 
some time been known as Tilt & Dexter. When Mr. 
Tilt retired Mr. Catholina Lambert and Mr. Charles Bar- 
ton entered the firm, which has since been known as Dex- 
ter, Lambert & Co. ; in 1S61 Anson Dexter retired and 
his son, George R. Dexter, and William Nelson Lambert, 
brothel" of Catholina Lambert, were admitted. W. X. 
Lambert visited South America never to return. (King 
there in 1S69 George R Dexter retired in 1S75 and died 
three years afterwards ; Henry B. Wilson entered the firm 
in 187S ; Charles Barton, since deceased, retired in 1SS0, 
after nearly thirty years association with Mr. Catholina 
Lambert. W. F. Suvdam, Charles N. Sterrett and Wal- 
ter S. Lambert entered the firm in iSS^ and these gentle- 
men with Mr. Catholina Lambert and Mr. II. B. Wilson 
now constitute the firm. 

The firm first occupied as a factory a two-story frame 
building 100x40 feet, located on Coventry street, so named 
by Mr. Tilt; the street has retained the name ever since. 
The machinery first used by them consisted of looms for 
weaving fringes and gimps, gimp machines, spinning 
wheels, braiding machines and a small plant of throwing 
machinery, capable of producing twenty-five pounds of 
sewings per day. Thev were at that time engaged in 
manufacturing upholstery, military, parasol, millinery, 
hatters', furriers', cloak and dress trimmings and were in 
fact what was called in those days a trimming house 
They, or rather their predecessor, attempted ribbon weav- 
ing in 1S49, but it was not a success financially, for the 
greater part of the ribbons made, not being sold, were 
purchased by Dexter, Lambert & Co. at the time of their 
organization. This, it is said, was probably the first 
attempt at ribbon weaving in the country : if so, to this 
house belongs the credit of being the pione'eis in this 
branch of the silk industry. In 1S56. having taken from a 



zoo /'. / TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



New York importi e whal was then considered a ladies' dress trimmings was for main years a leading 
large order for ribbons, the firm again started ribbon weav- branch of the business, bul of late it has In en neglected 
ing. This venture, like the previous one, proved unprofit- and attention given to ribbon weaving, which lias grown 
able, but from this time forward they continued the maim- to be one of the most important departments of the busi- 
facture of ribbons until success rewarded their efforts and riess. Bul to Mr. Lambert's foresighl and sagacity is due 
in the prosecution of this 1. ranch of their business they one of the most important additions to the business of the 
have from time to time made important additions in the house. In [874 that gentleman while in England pur- 
waj of new and improved machinery and appliances. Up chased a plant of power looms which were shipped to 1 'al- 
io 1856 no other concern, excepting Andrae & Roth, of erson and set up in the mill in the space which had been 
New York, is known to have made an) attempts in this heretofore used as the trimming department. With these 



direction. The increasing business of Dexter, Lambert & ' - the firm commenced the weaving of broad fabrics 

Co. obliged them to provide added facilities for manufac- allcl from time to time they have made additions to the 
tm in-, to meet which the) iii [856 commenced the erec- plant until the broad silk weaving equals an) department 
lion of a three-stor) brick mill 160x50 feet in Lennox of their business and since 1874 the weaving of "cut up" 
street, Boston. In [858 the firm had met with with suf- fancies and dress brocades has been their great specialty, 
ficient encouragement to justify them in sending Mr. Bar- In 1877 the business was enlarged by the purchase of A. 
ton to England to purchase additional looms for ribbon Poleliac & Son's plant of ribbon 1 is and throwing ma- 
weaving and other machinery and this plant was placed in chinery. These were kept at work in the Dale mill, their 
the new mill, just erected. original location, until July. 1S79. The spring of 1879 
Attracted by Paterson and its surroundings Mr. Lambert witnessed another addition through the purchase of the 
decided to make it his place ot residence and in 1861 with Sterrett, Ryle cv Murphy plant of ribbon looms. Decem- 
this view he purchased his present country residence at '**, 1S7S, found Mr. Lambert engaged in making prepa- 
South Paterson, then known as the James Close homestead, rations for the erection of the third, and up to that date, 
,, moving thereto in that year. A desire to have the man- the largest mill, having purchased from the Society lor Es- 
ufactory nearer to New York and under his personal sup- tablishing Useful Manufactures a block of land containing 
ervision, the low price of real estate and the advice of Mr. about two acres on the west side of Straight street, bound- 
Roberl llamil and other friends were the considerations ed by the Erie railway, Clay, Straight and Taylor streets. 
which induced Mr. Lambert in 1S66 to purchase a mill He proceeded to erect thereon a handsome structure. It is 
site on the easl side of Straight street and thereon erect the 100x75 feet, two stories, with pressed I. rick front The 
Dexter mill, a three story brick building, 220x50 feet, with ma '» '-■"trance to the works, the private office, the count- 
detached buildings for engine and dye houses. The re- ing room and the general offices are in the southern por- 
moval of the linn's machinery to Paterson was followed by tion. Tllis mi " was completed and occupied about July 1 . 
the gradual withdrawal of their stock and closing up of lS 7'»- and the removal and placing therein of the outlying 
outside Stores and the concentration of their merchandiz- plants of machinery enabled the firm to concentrate their 
ing in New York. To describe the various cotton, worst- hitherto scattered business under one management. The 
ed and silken fabrics manufactured by this firm during the building, constructed alter a design of ami under the per- 
vears they have been in business would be impossible. i>onal Supervision of Mr. Lambert, has become generally 
The vagaries of fashion or the demand of the times have known as the Lambert Mill, notwithstanding Mr. Lam- 
dictated and controlled their production. Lor instance, bert's objection to naming buildings, &c, after those who 
during the early days of the war of the rebellion, the) were are still in the land of the living. 

largel) engaged in the manufacture of military trimmings; The lack of sufficitnit machinery to throw enough silk 

in fact, there is no article thai could be fashioned from for the requirements oi the firm's business obliged Mr. 

cotton, worsted or silk but has at some time or another Lambert to take measures to supply the deficiency. After 

been made by them. They have manufactured cords, a careful consideration of the subject he decided on a new 

gimps, braids and tassels lor every conceivable purpose; departure which was to secure a site and ereel a mill in 

all kinds of fancy headgear, hair nets, chignons, false some locality where he' could obtain ample water power 

curls; an endless assortment of neckwear: articles lor and secure absence of competition for operatives: a place 

manufacturing telegraph supplies, for the manufacture of where the advantages of a large industi) and the mone) 

artificial flowers, for theatrical costumers' and for printers' which it circulated would be appreciated. Hawley, Pa., 

use: coach lace and other trimmings for carriage maun- was select .1 as possessing the advantages SOUghl for, and 

facturers : picture and blind cords, gimps, tassels and other here Mr. Lambe.t purchased a tract of land lying along the 

articles used for furniture and house decorations by up- Wallenpaupack river, a stream which divides Wayne and 

holsterers; trimmings for undertakers, tailors, hatters, fur- Pike counties, and which at this point is a series of falls 

lieiS, milliners and for dress and cloak makers. They and cascades, marvellously beautiful and w ell worth a long 

have manufactured chenille, velvet, beaded, braided, em- journey to see. On the Wayne county side of the river. 

bossed, watered and every current variety of trimming in upon the rocks at the head ol the falls, Mr. Lambert, early 

rue during the three lasl decades. The manufacture of in 1880, proceeded to erect his fourth and largest silk mill. 



PA PERSON, I L LUSTRA JED. 



201 



The mill is in shape an elongated parallelogram, broken 
by a square projection in the front centre; its dimensions 
are 3S0X44 feet, the centre projection being SoxSo feet. 
The firm subsequently, in 1887, also erected another mill 
of considerable proportions in Honesdale, Pa. 

Hopper & Scott. — Among the silk manufacturers of 
Paterson none have established a better character lor energy 
and business faculty than the firm of Hopper & Scott. The 
firm started into business in 1S70. occupying one floor of 
the old Hope mill, and operating 1 ,200 spindles. They 
devoted themselves exclusively to the throwing of tram and 
organzine and in a very short time had so great a demand 
for their work that they could not possibly keep up with it 
with their limited facilities. They purchased the entire 
Hope mill property in iS86,and in [887 erected another sub- 
stantial mill on it. covering the available ground in front 
as well as the raceway of the Society for Establishing Use- 
ful Manufactures. The firm to-day operates 11,000 spind- 
les, giving employment to c8o hands, and having an an- 
nual capacity of 100,000 pounds of organzine and tram. 
The success of the firm is due to the systematic arrange- 
ment which prevails in every part of the mill and to the 
energy and knowledge of the business on the part of the 
firm. The original firm was composed of John II. Hop- 
per and Robert VV. Scott. The latter died in February, 
1S90. and Mr. Hopper purchased his interest. 

b>nx II. Hopper was born in the city of Paterson in 
1841, being the son of Judge John Hopper. He has al- 
ways been prominent in business and social affairs in Pat- 
erson and is one of the trustees of the Free Public Libra- 
ry, and Quartermaster of the First Battalion. 

The William Strange Silk Company. — One of the 
largest silk manufacturing establishments in the country is 
that of the William Strange Company. Its origin dates 
back to 1863, when the firm of Strange cc Brother — E. B. 
and Albert B. Strange — who had for thirty years done a 
silk importing business in New York, established a small 
mill in Williamsburgh. The firm had no intention of 
going into the silk manufacturing business but had found 
that frequently certain shades and qualities of silk ribbons 
were called for in the trade which had not been imported ; 
to send for such goods to Europe would consume consid- 
erable time and so for the purpose of better accommodat- 
ing their customers the firm set up forty looms to furnish 
goods which might be ordered and not found in stock. 
The enactment of the high tariff" during the last years of 
the war and the consequent high rate of exchange induced 
the firm to seriously consider the question of manufactur- 
ing silk on an extensive scale. In 1868 the firm removed 
its machinery to Paterson and silk manufacturing was 
begun here under the firm name of William Strange iv 
Co., Mr. E. I! Strange having devoted himself exclusively 
to importing and Mr. A. B. Strange having turned the 
business of manufacturing over to his son. although still 
retaining an interest in the industry. Mr. William 
Strange devoted himself to a thorough understanding of 

the business and with characteristic energy soon mastered 
22 



it in every branch. The firm had found considerable dif- 
ficulty in obtaining tram and organzine and for the pur- 
pose of being independent of all other similar establish- 
ments imported a quantity of silk throwing machinery 
from England. This together with the looms removed 
from Williamsbtugh was placed in the Greppo mill on 
Slater street and Dale avenue ; the mill was subsequently- 
enlarged but the additions did not keep pace with the 
demand for the product of the establishment and in 1S-1 
the firm purchased the mill of the American Velvet Com- 
pany on Essex and Madison streets. The prosperity of 
the silk industry induced the firm to materially increase 
the size of the mill : building after building was added and 
then joined together until in 1S78 the firm had a mill ex- 
tending tor two hundred feet on each of three streets, hav- 
ing a depth of forty five feet on Essex street, forty-five feet 
on Beech street, forty feet on Madison street, and fifty feet 
on the north, the whole establishment being in the shape 
of a hollow square. In INS., another addition was elected 
to the mill in the shape of a wing on Beech street; this 
addition is two hundred feet front on Beech street, forty- 
eight feet deep, three stories high and built of brick in 
conformity with the rest of the establishment. The mill 
is complete in every particular, every branch of silk manu- 
facture, from the winding of the raw silk to the finishing 
of the product, being carried on under one roof. The firm 
employs about eight hundred and fifty hands. In 1SS7 the 
firm was incorporated under the laws of New Jersey and 
it at present consists of Messrs. \\ illiam Strange, William 
C. Kimball. Charles II. Pinkham, Jr., William H. Macy, 
Jr., Richard Muser. 

IIamil & Boo 1 it. — There is perhaps no firm of silk 
manufacturers who have been more successful than IIamil 
& Booth. The progress has been uniform throughout the 
years of the existence of the house and from a very humble 
beginning the firm has attained a position in the front rank 
of American silk manufacture. The concern was started 
in June. 1855, in the top floor of the Beaver mill, about 
twenty hands being employed. The firm was composed 
of Robert Hamil and James Booth. The product was 
fringe-silk and soon the demand for it induced the firm to 
look for more commodious quarters which they found in 
the second floor of the Star mill. In [S58 they leased the 
second floor of the Murray mill and had about a hundred 
and fifty hands in their employ. Here they remained for 
four years when they purchased a silk mill on Ward street, 
near Railroad avenue; the mill was equipped with ma- 
chinery but most of this was removed, it not being of the 
most approved pattern. The mill was one hundred and 
thirty feet by forty-five, built of brick, two and a half 
stories high. The firm continued throwing silk until 186S, 
when they purchased a number of looms and began weav- 
ing. In the meantime they hail increased the depth of 
their mill by twenty feet. In 1S70 they erected a frame 
building, twenty-five by one hundred feet, two stories 
high. In 1S7} their present office was put up. thirty-five 
by forty-five feet, three stories high. In 1S74 they began 






PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED, 



the erection of another addition of brick, three stories, 
fort} fivi In seventy-five feel In [890 tin capacit} of the 
mill was further increased by the extension of the building 
through to Railroad avenue ; the addition is of brick, three 
stories high and one hundred and eight} feel long. In the 
meantime the firm had acquired another valuable mill 
iert} mi the corner of Market and Mill streets, fifty- 
seven by one hundred and ninety feet; this property was 
boughl in [S72 and had previousl} been used as a cotton 
mill. The linn now manufactures all kinds of silk and 
does its own throwing. Over a thousand hands are em- 
ployed. The firm has always hern prominent lor the 
novelty and tastefulness of its designs, continually surpris- 
ing the buyers. Mr. Ilamil died September 11. [S80. 
Since thai time the business has been continued by his rep- 
itatives and Mr. Booth. 

I'm Ramsay & Gore Manufacturing Company 
commenced April 1st, [886, with a small plant of 1,700 
spindles; this in a very short time was too small to meet 
the'r growing business. Not being able to find space to 
put in more machinery they leased the plant of Spanton cy 
Palmer and for eighteen months ran it until they put into 
operation more spindles. In [888 they bought the Empire 
mill in Green street, litted it up and put in a new engine 
and boiler, where to-day they run eleven thousand 
spindles, as well as their original plant of 1,700 spindles 
in the Watson building; this plant has also grown to be 
inadequate to meet the ever increasing demand lor their 
work. 

The firm have made a specialty of crape tw ists. They 
cnj"\ the reputation of having a thoroughl} organized and 
fully equipped throwing factory, employing only skilled 
workers. The greatest possible good feeling prevails be- 
tween the workers and the firm ; about Jim hands are em- 
ployed there and no unpleasantness has arisen since they 
stalled in business. Their success has been very marked 
and rapid, from 360 pounds of silk per week to 5,000 lbs. 

per week. The Ramsay & Gore Manufacturing Compan} 
have fully demonstrated that in Paterson "throwing" can 
have a place, lor plans are on hand tor an extension of 
their already large factot ) . 

fohn Ramsay, the senior member of the linn, was born 
in ( ilasgow . Scotland ; his early years w ere devoted to the 
study of mining, but that not agreeing with his desires he 
entered into manufacturing and for fourteen years filled suc- 
cessfully a responsible position in the largest weaving es- 
tablishment in Glasgow; here he acquired a knowledge of 
manufacturing in all its 1. ranches, which laid the founda- 
tion of his success in this country. lie came to America 
in 1879, and started as foreman in the throwing department 
le W illiam Strange Company : not ha\ ing seen silk, nor 
having had an} experience in throwing he encountered 
many difficulties, but with a determination characteristic of 
Scotchmen he commenced a study of silk and silk throwing 
so that he might acquire a thorough, practical and techni- 
cal knowledge of it in all branches. After close studv for 
six years he a complished his end. Every day's observa- 



tions and experiences were carefully noted down and ap- 
plied, so that at the completion of his six years study he 
had accumulated sufficient in writing to run a scries of 

twenty-three articles in the American Silk Journal, on 
"Silk," "Silk Throw ing" and "Silk Throw ing in Relation 

to \\ea\ing" Mr. Ramsay has lor seven \ cars held in his 
own house a small technical school; it was open to all 
young men who had a desire to learn "silk throwing " 

Many took advantage of it and now fill important posi- 
tions; he has always taken a deep interest in young men. 

and has ncv er turned any one away w ho has applied lor in- 
struction in throw ing. 

Mr. Ramsay, although busy with the cares of a large 
mill, finds time still to devote to his favorite study, viz: 
"Silk Throwing," and is now busy preparing a work for 
publication on that subject, believing as he does in the im- 
perative necessity of a technical education lor the develop- 
ing of the American silk industry; to that end he labors 

that some d.iy a technical evening school may lie establish- 
ed for those young men who have shown their capacity 
and ability to excel in one department of silk; such an in- 
stitution would he of incalculable advance to all concerned 
in the silk industry. 

Mr. Thomas E. Gore, the junior member of the firm, 

was horn in Paterson. \. J . and has been 111 the city all 
his life; his first start at work was office boy tor Mr John 
Ryle, father of the silk industry; having served in that 
humble position tor a tew months he was transferred to the 
spinning room, where for a short time he was a bobbin 
hov . and then to the deckels, and ever after he lias worked 
in the mills until he became foreman in the William 
Strange Company's mil!. It was while he was foreman 
that he joined Mr. Ramsay to form the present firm Mr. 
(hue lor live years was an ardent student of silk throwing, 
he being associated with Mr Ramsay in his technical stud- 
ies. lie was one of the most faithful and attentive of men. 
devoting his whole time to the internal workings of the 
large mills : by giving his attention to all the branches of 
throw ing he has done much to further the interests of this 
successful firm. Mr. Gore's life long connection with 
throwing has qualified him to contribute to the reputation 
and success of the firm ol Which he is a member. 

Tin: Phce.vix Manufacturing Company. — Among 
the oldest, largest, strongest and most energetic industrial 
establishments <>l Paterson is the Phoenix Manufacturing 
Company, engaged in the manufacturing oi silk fabrics of 
different char. icier. The charter of the Phoenix Manufac- 
turing Company was granted by the State of New Jersey 

in [824 and is one ol the lew charters in existence in the 

stale of the broad ami comprehensive nature that charac- 
terized charters granted in the earl} davs. and is irrepeal- 
able and unchangeable except as might be desired by ils 
1 iw net s. 

The company was originall} formed lor the manufactur- 
ing of cotton goods, ami lor many years in the clipper -built 
ships which carried the Anna ican flag all over the world, 
in the davs when American sea commerce was of greater 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



20; 



relative proportions than now. the sail cloths made by the 
Phoenix Manufacturing Company were the standard arti- 
cles used for these white winged ships. With the decline 
of the cotton industry in Paterson and its gradual transfer 
to the East, as it became superseded by the liner industry 
ot silk, the Phoenix Manufacturing Company drifted at 
about the beginning of the war, through the manipulations 
of Messrs. B. 13. Tilt and Albert Tilt, into the exclusive 
production of silk. 

Mr B. 15. Tilt, as far back as in 183:5, was of the firm 
of Tilt & Dowell, and afterwards Tilt it Dexter, in Boston 
and Xew York, in the production of gum silks and trim- 
mings, lie came to Paterson in 1S60 and occupied a por- 
tion of the Phoenix mill proper and afterwards additional 
rooms in the Beaver mill and the old Watson mill. In 
1S61, by the admission of his son into partnership, the 
firm became' B. B. Tilt & Son and the business was 
thenceforth largely developed from the manufacturing of 
gum silks and sewing silks into dress goods in 1S70. In 
1S65, the firm having obtained control of a. majority of the 
shares became the owners of the charter and properties of 
the Phoenix Manufacturing Company. This gave them 
abundant room, splendid water-power and the best of 
facilities in their line of manufacture. The company was 
among the first to adopt the use of power looms, and hav- 
ing acquired with the Phoenix Company's property the 
machine shop which was the original plant operated for 
many years by John E. Van Winkle and his son Henry, 
began thenceforth to make their own looms and have con- 
tinued since to make the power dress goods looms and rib- 
bon looms required for the gradual development of the busi- 
ness. In 1SS0 the company established the Adelaide silk 
mill at Allentown and in iNSs doubled the capacity of that 
plant. In iSSS they established the Tilt silk mill at Potts- 
ville. The raw silk is thrown at Pottsville, woven in 
plain fabrics at Allentown and in finer Tacquard and fancy 
work, the most advanced stages of the business, at Pater- 
son. In the three places the company occupies more than 
three hundred thousand square feet of floor space, equal to 
about seven acres, and operates over one thousand looms, 
and employs, when running at full capacity, about two 
thousand people, being undoubtedly, in its line of ban! 
silk manufacture, the largest organization in the country 
and one of the most important factors in the production of 
the great aggregate of nearly seventy millions of dollars 
produced in the combined output of the silk manufactur- 
ing establishments of America 

The products of the Phoenix Manufacturing Company 
are of a most diversified nature ; comprising, perhaps, a 
greater variety than that of any other establishment, and 
including plain dress goods of all kinds, and the most elab- 
orate brocaded products of the same class, handkerchiefs, 
mufflers, gauze and pongee goods, ribbons, tailors' linings 
and silk braids. 

The selling agents of the company are GreefF t V Co.. 
22-26 Greene street. New York, an old established firm, 
three generations in existence, of the strongest financial 



ability and highest commercial standing. The trade 
marks, or brands, of the articles produced by the Phoenix 
Manufacturing Company have an established and most fav- 
orable reputation all over America, and are quoted as staple 
and standard criterions of the different classes which they 
represent. Like all silk manufacturers in America, the 
Phoenix Company was compelled to combat the prejudice 
in the markets of this country in favor of imported silks. 
Many manufacturers were actually compelled to imitate 
foreign labels on the goods in order to effect sales under 
American tickets. The Phoenix Company pursued the 
plan of making strictly meritorious goods anil placing 
them on sale under distinctive American labels, in the 
belief that people would sooner or later appreciate proper- 
ly real merit, no matter under what brand or wherever the 
goods might be manufactured, and that the sooner the pub- 
lic ascertained that silk goods could be made in this conn- 
In equal, if not superior, to those of foreign production 
and sold lor less money, the better it would be for the do- 
mestic silk industry. The result has been a constantly 
growing and healthy demand lor goods that can be guar- 
anteed of American manufacture, and under the wise 
policy of a protective tariff", silk fabrics of nearly all kinds 
are made in this country and sold for less money than the 
imported articles of similar construction. 

The company has received highest awards for the excel- 
lence ot its products at the Philadelphia International Ex- 
position in 1S76 and the great French Exposition of 1878, 
and many other industrial exhibitions of similar character. 

The present officers of the company are. Albert lilt. 
president and treasurer; Joseph W . Congdon, vice presi- 
dent; John R. Curran, secretary. The management of 
the Phoenix mills in Paterson is, and has been for many 
years, in the hands of Mr. John C. Dowell : in Allentown 
Mr. Bonis Soleliac is the manager of the Adelaide mills, 
and in Pottsville Mr. J. M. Harris is the manager of the 
Tilt mills. 

Notwithstanding the great and unusual depression that 
has characterized the silk business lor the past six months, 
the Phoenix Maufacturing Company has been aide to keep 
tlie greater portion ol its looms in full operation, and there- 
is no doubt that in the future the same energy and execu- 
tive ability will continue the company in the success and 
importance which, have characterized it since the days 
when P. B. Tilt & Son came to control it and which 
has been continued under the most able management of 
Mr. Albert Tilt, the president, and his assistants. 

DoiiEUTY it Wadsw 01; ru. — The success of this firm 
presents one ot the most remarkable and gratifying in- 
stances ot what can be accomplished by men who thor- 
oughly understand their business and add to this knowl- 
edge energy, industry and fair dealing with all Less 
than a decade ago the number of looms they operated 
could be counted on the fingers of one hand ; to-day they 
rank among the first and most important silk manufactur- 
ers of this country. The\ started into business in October, 
[.S79, in a room on Market street in the building occupied 



?04 



PA 7 ERS( W. II. 1. 1 'SI A\ I TED. 



by the Second National Bank. Their plant consisted ol 
juM one loom, but in the course of a few weeks they had 

I seven or eight. < >n the first of January, 1SS0, they 
to the .second floor of the Arkwright mill on 

i street, occupying only a portion ol the floor sp 
As their business increased they multiplied the number ol 
theii looms until in a short time they had the whole floor 
covered. In the summer of that yeai the) leased a portion 
of the lower floor and put in more looms In June ol the 
following yeai they took the resl of the lirst floor, and in 
[SS2 they purchased the whole mill. Being thoroughly 
acquainted with the industry in its every branch they per- 
sonally attended to even department : the superior excel- 
lence of their proline! increased the demand to such an 
extent that the firm saw itself compelled in 1SS3 to mate- 
rially enlarge the building; this was done and the firm 
was in possession ol one of the finest and best equipped 
silk mills in the country, from ever} part of which pro- 
ceeded the busy hum of silk machinery of the best pattern 
and best make. Silk manufacturers from other places 
who visit t.'ie present Arkwright mill agree that il is a 
model in ever) respect. The building has a frontage of 
-•11 feet on Beech street, is four stoiies high; its depth is 
So feet; in addition to this is the boiler and engine house 
detached from the main building. The ventilation and 
illumination leave nothing to be desired, both being fur- 
nished by power from the engine. The product of the 
firm embraces everything that is manufactured of silk that 
is elegant and durable. Some of the finest patterns, 
copied by other manufacturers both in this country and 
Europe, emanated from this establishment. For a num- 
bei o| years the firm manufactured more grenadines than 
all the other firms in Paterson put together. The variety 
of designs they weave in these delicate fabrics is fairly be- 
wildering, the patterns being of the most exquisite de- 
scription. Laces and satins and brocades are mingled in 
the most beautiful combinations and in never-ending varie- 
ty. The firms employs about 350 hands and it is a well 
known fact that differences between the employers and 
employees are almost unknown in this establishment ; they 
have always produced the highest class of goods and paid 
the highest wages. No firm has done more to place 
American silks in the high rank they have attained in the 
marts of the world than have Doherty & Wadsworth. 
went on the principle that the best was none too 
I for the American people and appreciation ol this 
principle and its execution ha\ e been show n in the almost 
man ell >us success ol the firm. 

HExm Doherty a\h Joseph Wadsworth. — The 
li\es of these two gentlemen have been so intimately con- 
nected that it would seem wrong to separate them in fur- 
nishing an account of their doings, their struggles and 
successes. The latter have fortunately always been in the 

idant for it may be said with truth that their struggles 
were ever crowned with success. They were both born 
in Macclesfield, England, 1 [1 of the textile indus- 

tries of the world. Mr. Doherty was born on February 6, 



1850; Mr. Wadsworth on March i". [849. Tile eiluca- 

they received was such as fell to the share of many 

nun who have made their mark in the manufacturing 

world: literature and the higher branches of education 

were considered subservient at all times to a thorough 
schooling in the use ol' the loom. At an early age both 
tvi re i mployed in silk mills: they went to the mill to- 
gether and in the evening returned to their homes which 
were not far apart. Their eveningswere devoted to study, 

but it was during tin- day time thai they wire fitted lot the 

careei which has placed them high up among the manu- 
facturers of the country. They learned the manufacture of 
silk from the carrying ol bobbins t.i tin' completion of the 
finest fabric : there was not a branch of tin- silk industry 
in which they were not proficient when they concluded to 

come to this country. Mr. Doherty was the first to leave 

Macclesfield for the land of promise across the sea. arriv- 
ing here in the latter part of rS68. Mr. Wadsworth fol- 
lowed some si\ months later, arriving here in March. 
iN'ki. Both at once came to Paterson and readily found 

employment in the silk mills where skilled labor was com- 
manding a high premium. They worked in various mills 
until in (S79 Mr. Doherty was a foreman in the employ of 
1. 1'. Mackayand Mr. Wadsworth occupied a similar posi- 
tion in the silk mill of (irimshaw Brothers. Although 

both commanded liberal salaries they found that others 
were reaping the larger harvest from their skill and ex- 
perience and once more they joined their fortunes together 
which had been linked so often when they were boys. 
What success attended their combined energy and skill 
has been inadequately told in the foregoing sketch. 

'I'm Barxi >; i Mill. — The largest holder of silk mill 
property in the city ot' Paterson is Mayor Nathan Barnert. 
lie is not himself engaged in silk manufacturing but the 
excellent judgment to which he owes the prominent posi- 
tion he has always occupied in Paterson induced him 
years ago to invest heavily in mill property, he having 
fully recognized the stability of' the industries of the city. 
The most prominent ol' his possessions is the Barnert mill 
an illustration ol which is shown on page [64 of this work. 
The mill is in the shape of" a hollow square, lour stories 
high, having a frontage of 200 feet on Grand street and of 
lis feet on Dale avenue. It is built entirely of' brick 
and the engine and boiler house is separate from the main 
mill. There are between seventy-five and eighty thousand 
square feet of floor space in the mill. Mr. Barnert already 

owned considerable mill property when [885 he began the 

erection of this mill, which is a model in every respect. 
The steady expansion ol' the industries ol' Paterson created 

a demand for mills and Mr. Barnert's excellent judgment 

showed him that file dollars he had earned in main years 

of successful business could not lie better invested both for 

himself and the people who had twice elected him Mayor 
than by the erection of mills. He accordingly erected the 
Barnert mill which he rents to a number of silk manufac- 
turers, to whom he supplies both room and power. Mr. 
Barnert is also the owner ot' the Dale mill, a superb struc- 



PA 7 EPSON, IL LUSTRA TED. 



205 



lure on Railroad avenue, having a frontage of 325 feet and 
a depth of 45 feet with an L extension of 100 feet. In ad- 
dition to this he owns several other mills all located in the 
square hounded by Railroad avenue, Grand street. Dale 
avenue and Ward street. 

Gki.msiiaw Brothers. — This firm is composed of three 
brothers, John, George and David II. They are all three 
natives of Macclesfield. England, and were raised in the 
silk business. They commenced business in Paterson in 
1N71 with half a dozen hand looms in an old shed in Pearl 
street. They subsequently removed to the Union mill on 
the corner of Market and Spruce streets. While occupy- 
ing this mill their growing business compelled them to hire 
the small mill of James Dunkerley in Spruce street, and 
this was run in connection with their other mill. These 
two places not affording the proper facilities, they leased 
the Arkwright mill, then owned by the Prall estate. This 
they occupied until they purchased their present property, 
which was then known as the Greppo mill: it had been 
formerly occupied by .Strange & Brother. Shortly after 
the purchase they enlarged the mill by the addition of a 
brick wing a hundred feet long on Prince street. The 
property now forms a hollow square, bounded by Dale av- 
enue on the east. Slater street on the south and Prince 
street on the west. It is three stories high, well lighted 
and ventilated, and amply provided with the most effective 
appliances for extinguishing lire. It is supplied through- 
out with fresh well water which is distributed to all parts 
of the mill from two large tanks in the highest part of the 
structure. The whole of the mill is operated by the firm. 

Having commenced business in the infancy of silk weav- 
ing in Paterson, at a time when prejudice against domes- 
tic silk goods was strong in the minds of buyers, thev 
•worked out a path for themselves — good goods — and have 
steadily followed it. Commencing with plain small silks 
thev have followed up about all the avenues known to the 
silk trade, men's serges and linings, novelties in handker- 
chiefs and mufflers (of which in fine goods thev were the 
pioneers.) millinery silks, plushes, velvets, plain and nov- 
elty dress silks, &c, changing their production with the 
varying demands of the market. In this connection their 
lifelong training has been of the utmost value. Their ma- 
chinery, like their production, has been subject to numer- 
ous changes. Commencing with hand machines, as was 
the custom at the time, thev have kept replacing their plant 
with the most njpdern machines, until now everything in 
their vast establishment is of the latest and most improved 
pattern and the whole driven by steam power. The pro- 
duct of ••< 1. B," as their goods are known on the market, 
is now largely novelty and plain silks, although in other 
lines of novelties thev do considerable business. 

In addition to this establishment thev have another mill 
at Reading, Pa., also of brick, 254 feet long by 50 feet 
wide and three stories high. This is largely used by them 
for throwing the raw silk used in their Paterson business. 
The present Reading null was rebuilt on the ruins of the 
firm's former mill, which was wrecked almost totally by 



the great tornado which produced such havoc and loss of 
life in that part of the country on January o. 1SS9. 

This linn, commencing business with limited means, 
have by their conservatism and pluck not only withstood 
all the periodical depressions which have marked the de- 
velopment of the silk trade and their loss by the Reading 
disaster, but thev stand to-day in the front rank of Ameri- 
can silk manufacturers. 

J Venn Horandt & Sox. — Mr. Jacob Horandt, the sen- 
ior member of this firm, was born in Sissach, in Switzer- 
land, on April S, [S34, being one of six children. His 
father combined fanning with silk manufacture, anil young 
Mr. Horandt gained his fust impression of the silk indus- 
trv in the home of his parents. After having passed 
through the common schools and the advanced technical 
school of his home, he was at the age of seventeen sent to 
Basle there to study the practical operation of the manu- 
facture of silk in the factories. He remained there until 
he was twenty-one years of age, when he returned to his 
home and was superintendent of his father's silk mill until 
he was twenty-eight years of age when he was married; 
he returned to Basle, and until iSj2 was foreman in a large 
silk mill. lie then concluded to come to this country, 
whither his brother had preceded him. and landed here on 
July i). 1N72. Three lucrative and responsible positions 
were at once offered him, but Mr. Horandt recognized the 
fact that there was considerable difference between the silk 
industry in this country ami his native home: before as- 
suming anv position of importance he preferred to get ac- 
quainted with the status of affairs here, and Consequently 
until January 2, 1873, he worked as a weaver in the silk 
mills of New York. I Ie was then induced to accept a posi- 
tion as superintendent in the large silk mill of Pelgram & 
Meyer, and he occupied this position for twelve and a half 
vears. In the mean time his son, Christopher, had grown 
to be a young man, and having evinced a liking for the 
silk industry, Mr. Horandt sent him in 1N70 to Europe 
where the young man remained three years, receiving such 
education as the best technical schools of Europe afforded. 
< )n his return to this country he organized the Paterson 
Ribbon Company with Mr. George F. Kuett. His father 
at this time concluded to establish business for himself, and 
young Mr. Horandt having disposed of his interest in the 
ribbon company joined his father, and the firm of Jacob 
Horandt iV" Son was established. It is but natural that the 
thorough practical knowledge of the industry in all its 
branches, possessed by both father and son. added to excel- 
lent business qualifications, should be followed by success. 
The firm first leased and subsequently purchased the Hox- 
sev mill on Kearnev street, with its surrounding twenty- 
four city lots. The first year the firm operated si\ looms, 
the second seventeen, the third twenty-nine, and at present 
their capacity is sixty-nine looms. In the mean time the 
mill had been increased in size ami a dye works had been 
added: this not proving sufficient, the firm during the 
present year leased the Meistermann mill in Paterson 
street, and plans are now being prepared tor a new mill on 



206 



PATERS ON, ILLUSTRATED. 



Kearney street. The firm was the lirst among the ribbon 
manufacturers t<> use electric light, having its own dy namo. 
( iol and pure water is supplied to ever} portion of the 
mill from an artesian well which was sunk shortly after the 
firm started into business. The selling agents of the firm 
.hi Hoenighaus & Curtiss, of New York. 

In iSSo Mr. Horandl married a second time, his first 
wife having died, and in [888 he erected for himself and 
l.i m i 1 \ the elegant residence, an illustration of which orn- 
aments a page in another pari of this book. Both mem- 
bers of the firm arc among the most genial as well as ac- 
complished silk manufacturers of the city, and ii was a 
fortunate thing for more than one family in this city that 
Mr. Horandl concluded to locate in Paterson. 

Tin: Paterson Riisuox Co. — In March. [S85, thiscom- 
pany, of which Mr. Geo. F. Kuetl is president, and Mr. \V. 
T. I'. Hollingsworth, secretary and treasurer, began busi- 
ncss in the Dale mill with a very small capital and only a 

lew I us. To-day they have one of the best plants in 

the' State of New |cisc\. Their new mill at Eastside is a 
substantial structure equipped with all that a model silk 
mill requires. It is two stories high, fifty by three hun- 
dred and two feet, and contains over one hundred and 
seventy-five windows making it one of the best lighted 
and best ventilated mills in the vicinity of Paterson. The 
company sells its goods direct, the office being at 1 1 y 
Spring street. \ew York City. 

III. manufacturing is superintended by Mr. Knett, who 
has been employed in the Paterson silk mills since his 
boyhood and is familiar with all parts of the work. The 
selling of the goods and the general business of the com- 
pany is in charge of Mr. Hollingsworth. The company 
makes high class goods exclusively. 

Tin. Auger & Simon Silk Dyeixg Co. — This firm 

was incorporated under the laws of the Stale of \ew Jer- 
sey on July ist. [890, after an existence of six years. Mr. 

Charles 1.. Augerwas elected president and treasurer. Mr. 

Charles Simon, secretary. Mr. Auger is also the genera] 
manager. Their business is --ilk dyeing in all its branches 
in both color-, and blacks. They have nearly four acres 
of -round on East Fifth street upon which they have built 
several substantial brick buildings of the latest improved 
plan- adapted to their business. They are equipped with 
all the modern machinery lor Macks and color-. They 
have a never failing water supply either from the Passaic 
river or from wells, and have a pumping and filtering ca- 
pacity i>f nearly three million gallons per day. Their 
buildings are all lighted by electricity furnished by their 
own dynamo. In every respect they have one of the most 
thoroughly equipped plants in this country. The whole 
business is under the management and personal supervision 
ofboth Mr. Auger and Mr. simon. who are practical and 
expert dyers having obtained their knowledge of the busi- 
ncss in some "f the largest dye houses in this country and 
Europe. Mr. Auger has proven himself thoroughly capa- 
of organizing and managing in every detail: he has 
charge of the financial and business portion of the concern, 



lucting all the afftirs of the company in a straight- 
forward businesslike manner. He is a hard working and 
energetic man. deeply wrapped up in this business ami 
has proven himself able to cope with any difficulty, a- his 
enterprise ami success lullv attest. Mr. Simon, who i- 
one oi" the best black dyer-, having held responsible posi- 
tions both in Europe and this country, attends entirely in 
the management of the black dyeing. lie confines his 

whole time and attention to the business, giving every 

del. ul hi- personal supervision. His work proves him to 

he a very careful manager and has gained for him the rep- 
utation of turning out a verv superior class of wank in all 
grades oi blacks which lor shade, winding and working 
in the differenl processes ol manufacturing cannot he sur- 

passed. None but the most competent color dyers are 

employed who thoroughly understand even grade of fancy 
dyeing and turn out a very superior class of work. Dur- 
ing the oinhre season this department was overrun with 
work ami can truthfully claim to having dy'ed two-thirds 

of the ombres which were manufactured at that time. A 
large amount of work in both color- ami blacks 1- turned 

out daily, furnishing employment to a large number of 

hands. None but the most skilled workmen are employed 

ill each department under the charm- of competent fore- 
men. More than ordinary care is taken with all silk in- 
trusted to this company, who are thoroughly responsible; 
from the lime it is received until its delivery some on< 
lullv competent has it in charge. They are in constant 
correspondence with parlies in Europe who keep them 
thoroughly posted as to anything new relating to the dye- 
ing business. Beyond a question the firm has In shrewd 
management and careful watching worked its way to a 
position of importance in the industrial world. 

Iwiin 111:1: & M a ass, Siik I )yers. — This enterprising 
firm who are located in the Gun Mill yard, have had an 
extensive experience in both this and foreign countries 
in the dyeing of silks. Mr. \\ . E. Knipscher, who i- 

at the head ul the concern, was born in Germany, in 
[852. He came to this country when but a boy and im- 
mediately connected himself with some of the leading dve 
shops. After gaining a thorough knowledge of the busi- 
ness, he was engaged as lore man of Mr. Jacob Weidman's 
place at Riverside, where In- remained tin two years. In 

[SS7 he started in business for himself in the < ■ 1 1 1 1 Mill 
yard, where he has been v n v successful, doing some extra- 
ordinary work in the dyeing of blacks, heavy weight col- 
or-, imported blue blacks, spun silks for velvet-, etc. In 

1S1111. Mr. Knipscher found that his business was growing 
veiv rapidly, and required another practical man to assist 
him. and rdingly look into partnership Mr. Ft 

Maass. who is the junior partner ol' the firm. Mr. Maass 
was born in New York city, has lived in Europe, and is a 
a graduate from a polytechnic school in Zurich. Switzer- 
land. The firm is a verv energetic one. and their dve 
shop is thoroughly equipped, so that they can do first-class 
work in a very -hint time: they are both genial gentle- 
men, determined to succeed if fair dealin iod work and 
plea- ml manners can lead to success. 



PA 7ERS0N, ILLUSTRA TED. 



ioj 



[acob W alder. — Mr. Jacob Walderwas born in Zurich, 
Sw it/erland. on March 18, [839, and after receiving a good 
education at the common and higher schools of Ids native 
place, went to work in a weavers' supplies manufactor) 
for the purpose of learning the trade of reedmaker. After 
ha\ ing been employed at this for some time in his home he 
went to Basle. Crefeld, and Bradford. England, for the 
purpose of perfecting his knowledge of the branch of in- 
dustry to which he intended to devote himself. Return- 
ing to his home he worked steadily at his trade until he 
started out in business for himself; after continuing at this 
but a short time he came to this country in 1866 and at 
once proceeded to Paterson where he obtained employ- 
ment as reedmaker. A year later he started into business 
for himself in a small rear room on the corner of Cross and 
Ellison streets. Then he removed to No. 93 River street 
and subsequently to a floor in the mills on River street 
opposite Paterson street. At each successive place his 
plant increased hut he could never supply the demand for 
his goods. In 1SS2 having purchased the property lying 
opposite to where he had his plant of machinery, he tore 
down the old buildings and elected a factory especially 
adapted for his industry. The mill is of brick, three 
stories high and ^oxioo. The engine and boiler house is 
an adjunct to the main building. Having first erected a 
handsome residence for himself adjoining the mill proper- 
ty 'Mr. Walder in 1889 erected another mill in the 
rear of his property; this mill is built of brick, is four 
stories high and 48x160 feet. Mr. Walder's intention in 
erecting this mill was to supply a part of the demand for 
mills by manufacturers anxious to extend their operations. 
The structure is a model of mill architecture and Mr. 
Walder has consequently experienced no difficulty in 
securing desirable tenants. 

Mr. Walder's character for energy and uprightness and 
his thorough knowledge of the business in which he is en- 
gaged have made his success both deserved and gratifying. 
The rank which he has attained in the industrial and com- 
mercial circles of Paterson he also holds socially. He is a 
man of the most pleasant manners and is evei ready to 
assist his struggling and honest fellows. 

I. A. IIai.i. & Co. — Conspicuous in manufacturing cir- 
cles, and foremost among the great establishments which 
are devoted to the production of mill supplies in this 
country, is the widely known house of 1. A. Hall & Co.. 
whose extensive factory property is situated at 30 and 32 
Division street, with private stables in the rear for the ac- 
commodation of horses, wagons, &c, used for local de- 
liveries. The scope of this concern lies in the manufac- 
ture of reeds, harness, lingoes, mails, shuttles ami general 
weavers' supplies, as well as the furnishing of Tacquard 
twines, loom cards, card lacing, &c, and in fact, every- 
thing needed in rigging out for the manufacture of textile 
goods. A special feature is made of reeds, harness, lingoes, 
&c, for ribbon and broad silk manufacturers, and the em- 
ployment of only the most skilled labor obtainable, coupled 
with the untiring vigilance of the various heads of depart- 



ments under the general supervision of Mr. Hall, is suffi- 
cient guarantee that all work turned out is treated in a 
most efficient and satisfactory manner, and in such a way 
as to prove a constant advertisement. The cornet stone of 
this important industry was laid in i860, by the father of 
Mr. I. A. Hall, he being the pioneer in this particular line 
of trade: but it was not until the present head of affairs 
acquired control that the business began to rapidly 
expand, until now it is the recognized leader among its 
fellows, but still with the en of •■enterprise and progress" 
as its motto. The products of this popular linn are well 
and favorably known throughout all districts where textile 
fabrics are manufactured, and an adequate idea of the ex- 
tensive character of their output max be gained from an 
inspection of their huge and handsome three-stor} brick 
mill, a picture of which appears on another page, and in 
which a large number of operatives are steadily employed 
at remunerative wages. 

Isaac A. Hall. — The subject of this sketch was first 
introduced to the light of da)' on the 9th of October, i860, 
in the city of Paterson, and he has resided bete almost 
continuously ever since. His boyhood days were passed 
in much the usual manner, his fun loving disposition as- 
suring him of good times in those hours not spent in the 
public schools of the city, in whose halls bis early educa- 
tional teachings were received, supplemented by a thor- 
ough course of practical business training in that excellent 
institution. Latimer's Paterson Business College. 

In the spring of tSjo. he entered the naval service of 
Uncle Sam. and for one year served on the historical old 
war ship Constitution. P. S. S. Minnesota. &c. Seeing 
no prospect of any considerable advancement, however, 
and the monotonous life on shipboard becoming irksome 
to his energetic makeup, he sought the assistance of 
President Hayes, and securing his signature to the neces- 
sarj papers, he was honorably discharged. 

Upon returning to his native city, his marked ability and 
enterprise found a fruitful held of labor in the business 
founded main years before by his father, (who had died 
some time previous to this period) and under his skillful 
guidance the industry has risen to a prominence second 
to none in its line. 

Personally, Mr. Hall is a gentleman of genial and en- 
tertaining manners, and while he makes business his first 
Study, he still finds time to pleasantlv discharge those 
social duties which are incumbent on him. and to take an 
active interest in Masonic and other affairs, in whose cir- 
cles he is a prominent and popular figure. 

The Barbour Flax Spinning Company. — The Bar- 
bour family have for a century been among the greatest 
linen manufacturers in the north of Ireland, their works at 
Lisburn, near Belfast, being among the largest of the kind 
in the world. Their establishment at that place is com- 
plete in itself. Not only is the flax subjected to every pro- 
cess involved in the manipulation of the raw material from 
the crudest state, but the firm have immense machine 
shops of their own where they build all the machinery they 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



need on either side of Hie Atlantic. For mam years the) at once rebuilt in imitation in all respects of the Grand 
had made large sales in America, Thomas Barbour hav- streel mill. Water and steam arc both used for power 
ing charge of their New York house. The imposition of and both mills are heated by steam. During the year 18S1 
the tarifl'of 1862 and the high rate of exchange led them the) built another immense stone mill on Grand and Mor- 
i.. conceive the idea of establishing a branch of their im- ris streets, forty-eighl b) four hundred feet; the mill Is 
mense factories In America, a nil looking about they con- known as the Granite Mill, from the Menu- used in its con- 
cluded that Paterson was the mosl available place in which struction. This mill is leased to a number of silk manu- 
to locate. Thomas and Samuel Barbour carried die pro- facturing concerns. 

jeel into execution and in [S64 the) bought the old Passaic N\ ithm four years after establishing their mill in Pater- 
mill No. 2, formerly run b) John Colt for the weaving of son. or in 1 868, they were making about fifty-two thousand 
fine sheetings and cotton duck, on Spruce street, opposite pounds of shoe thread, saddlers' thread and gilling twine 
Oliver. The mill was a fine structure, though but a toy every month — twenty-six tons of thread. They were also 
house compared to the mills at Lisburn. Here the) em- making about a ton of fine thread for the manufacture of 
ployed several hundred hands and added continuall) lo hose. 1 11 addition to this product the)' spooled four thou- 
their machinen until tin- building could hold no more; sand dozen spools monthl) of the thread made b) them in 
the) enlarged it from time to time hut still they lacked Ireland, and spooled seventy-five thousand pounds of tail- 
room. Having bought the entire block hounded b) ors' thread, also made abroad. The) now import the flax 
Prince, Grand, Spring and Slater street--, the) proceeded jusl as it comes into the market from the farms in the north 
in [S77 to elect thereon one of the finesl specimens of mill of Ireland, where thai crop has so long had its favorite 
architecture in New Jersey. It was fifty feet front on home, and in their Paterson mills they hackle, dress, and 
Grand street b) two hundred feet deep and four stories spin it into all kinds of linen thread, shoe thread, sewing 
high. The engine and boiler house is a very spacious thread tor tailors' use-, fine twine, &c. They also dye and 
building, while the chimney, octagonal in shape, and re- bleach it on their own premises. They spin thousands of 
lieved at frequent intervals b) light-colored bell courses miles of thread ever) day, enough to put a girdle around 
and surmounted b) abroad cornice at an elevation of one the earth twice over. That means fifty thousand miles 
hundred and eight) feet, is ornamental as well as useful. daily. It is needle-- to -a\ that the) have the most im- 
Bul it is the inside of the mill that impresses the visitor proved machinery to he had in the world. The) have 
with a sense of securit) and solidity. The stairways are their principal store and office in New York city, with 
all enclosed in solid brick walls and are themselves of branch offices in Boston, Chicago, San Francisco and 
brick and stone. Massive wrought iron beams -pan the other cities. The business was originall) in the name of 
interior from side to side and on these are built brick die Barbour Brothers — Thomas, Robert and Samuel — hut 
arches which support the floors above. These floors are in [S66 the) were incorporated as the Barbour Flax Spin- 
of bluestone flags, inclining from the centre to the side ning Company, and the industry has been carried on since 
walls, so that they can he readily flushed with water. that date by that corporation. The president i- Robert 
which then runs otfin gutters provided tor the purpose. Barbour; Thomas Barbour was vice president and treas- 
This is the style of construction throughout. I'hc build- urer until his death when his interest in the corporation 

illg, if not absolutel) fireproof, is a- nearl) SO a- the in- was transferred to his son William. 

genuit) of man can make it. It is not eas) to see where Tho.M v- B.VRBOl i: was hom on Jul) ij. iS^j. in the 
or how a lire could make much headway in such a massive old family residence at Hildon in Ireland. He became an 
structure with so little for the flames to feed upon. But American citizen in [S49. He was a man genial in man- 
flax i- a ven inflammable article, and the danger of lire ner and the vcrv embodiment of hospitality and influence; 
has been foreseen and provided againsl in other ways in when an) question arose demanding unusual energy he 
addition to making the building itself proof against flames, was never found unequal to the emergency of the case. 
On each floor and on each side are laid patent sprinklers, He manifested a force and vigor of character difficult to 
instructed that at a certain degree of temperature the) oppose, lie persistent!) refused public position hut was 
will open innumerable valves and throw all over the room connected intimatel) with many public ami private enter- 
copious jets of water propelled with all the force that a prises of importance. lie was a member of the Commit- 
head of one hundred and eight) feet can give. There are tee on Revenue Reform of the New York Chamber of 
other appliances also for throwing water into an) part of Commerce and is widel) known in this country in connec- 
the mill. The water i- supplied from a pond on Garret tion with his successful defence of his firm and government 
Mountain, one hundred an : Grand street, on the infamous moiety system, and i- recognized as the 
'This magnificent building had scared) been occupied and one who. by his personal sacrifices and exertion-, caused 
ked with machinery brought over from their work- in the abrogation oi a law which offered a fifty per cent. 
Ireland before they set about doubling iissi/e. and in 1S78 premium on official irregularity and imposition, lie de- 
it was made as long again, so that it is now fifty by four livered a forcible and practical speech on the subject he- 
hundred feet in area, four stories high. In February, fore the New York Chamber of Commerce in 1874 and on 
1 S79, the Spruce street mill was destroyed b) lire. It was the following evening al Stcinwav Hall at a special meet- 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TL D. 



209 



ing called t'nv that purpose. Mr. Barbour subsequently 
proceeded to Washington and procured the p 1 the 

bill abrogating the moiety system. Upon a subsequent 
visit to Belfast, Ireland, on October 29, [874, he was ten- 
dered a public banquet by the merchants of Belfast and the 
province of Ulster, at which the Lord Mayor presided, in 
recognition of the important service he had rendered to the 
importing trade of New York and capitalists in breaking 
down a system so unjust in principle. Mr. Barbour was 
the first president of the Paterson Board of Trade, a direc- 
tor of the Hanover National Bank, a director of the Guard- 
ian Fire Insurance Company of New York, and a diri 
of the Paterson iV Ramapo railroad company, lie was 
president of the Bedford Manufacturing Companj of New- 
ark and for ten years a din the Clark Thread 
Works of Newark. He owned a large amount of property 

in Paterson, including a line residence on the cornel' of 
Straight street ami Broadway. His summer residences 
were the Brookside Farm at Preakness and ••Warren 
Point." the latter situated in Bergen County, just a 
the Broadway bridge. At the latter place on different oc- 
casions he entertained General Grant and other prominent 
citizens of this country. lie was always regarded as one 
of the most liberal minded and public spirited citizens of 
Paterson. His death occurred at the family homestead in 
Ireland on January [9, [885, and was lamented by all who 
had' ever had the pleasure of his acquaintance. 

The Dolphin Maxufai n kim. Co. — This company 
was incorporated in 1843 ur >der :l special charter as the 

■•American Hemp Company," but as its antecedent- and 
its capital came from Scotland it was familiary known as 
the "Scottish Company." In February, 1846, as its busi- 
ness was making sail-canvas, the present name suggestive 
of tne sea was adopted. John Taylor fohnston, Esq., 
former President of the Central R. R. of Xew |ersev, 
was one of the original incorporators and is to-day a direc- 
tor and the largest stockholder. Alexander T. Van Nest, 
Esq., of Xew York city represents the next largest holding 
and is also a director. The remaining directors are i 
ert W. d imsel for the Central Railroad 

of Xew Jersey, and Mr. Otto T. Bannard and Mr. |. 
Herbert Johnston, who are repectively president and vice 
president of the company. The in of the mill is 

Mr. Henry Brown, formerly of Dundee. Scotland. 

The property extends about 125 feet on Spruce street, 
near Oliver, and rims back nearly 600 feet. The opera- 
tive- number about Soo, nearly three-fourths of whom are 
h and as Mr. Brown is a Scotchman, the term "Scot- 
tish Company" might still be appropriately used. Both 
water-power and steam-power are used in running the 
mill, and an electric lighting system has entirely displaced 
An ample storehouse was built last year to accom- 
modate the supply of raw material imported from India, 
and the new machinery is being constantly added to 
replace the older and less productive patterns. Nearly 
5,000 tons of jute are manufactured each year in the 

■•Dolphin" besides twine, for the grain fields, carpet 
23 



yarns, hemp carpets, napier matting-, upholsterers web- 
bings, canvas, Inula]), sash cord, and miscellaneous tw ines. 
Ili' pit -cut customs duty of twenty per cent, upon 
raw jute has enabled Dundee competition to interfi 
Seriousl) with certain branches of the jute industry such as 
carpet yarns, hut hopes are entertained that Congress will 
soon remove this burden so that America may obtain jute 
as cheapl) as Scotland and Canada. Xo jute is raised in 
this country. If such relief should he afforded to the jute 
industry the possibilities for manufacturing will he •_■ ■ 
as the use of jute in various articles is increasing and n 
tively lew jute goods are made in this country. 

The ••Dolphin" as the pioneer jute mill of America is 
keeping pace with the progress of the times and 1 
decade will find the growth and development of thi 
mills closelj following the growth and development of the 
I nited Si 

Tin-: Roswell Bobbin Mamufatory. — The Roswell 
in Manufactory, named after the late Roswell L. 
Colt, was established in February, 1858, upon a compara- 
tively small scale by Isaac Scull. John R. Daggers and 
William Row. After the deatli of Mr. Scull in [86] the 
business was continued by the surviving partners until the 
year 1880, when, owing to the sickness of Mr. Row. the 
partnership w; lived and the business continued h\ 

the present enterprising proprietor. Since then it has 
steadily increased and developed into one of the largest of 
its kind in the slate. The factory occupied by Mr. Dag- 
has a frontage on River street of fifty feet and on 
Mulberry street of 120 feet, two-thirds of which is a three- 
story brick building and the remainder a two-stor) fn 
structure, fully equipped with improved designs of wood- 
working machinery for the manufacture of all kinds of 
cotton, manilla, hemp. jute, flax and woollen bobbins, 
Is and similar articles used by manufacturers of textile- 
fabrics. Mr. Daggers also devotes especial attentioi 
wood turning in all its branches and employs from 35 to 
30 experienced and skilled operatives; hi- products are 
shipped direct to consumers and manufactun \<ile 

fabrics in all sections of the I . and through 

jobbers, dealers and machine makers to all parts of the 
w orld. 

iin R. D was born in Preston, Lancashire, 

and. on July 7. 1819. He came to this country in 
March. 1834, and in the same year began his apprentice- 
ship as machinist with Rogers. Ketchum cV Grosvenor; 
he was subsequently employed at erecting cotton machin- 
ery in the south, notably in Alabama and Georgia, and su- 
perintended a number of these plants for some years. In 
appointed lay judge of the con ssaic 

County and served live years, He was again appointed 

e same position in 1^77 and served another ten 
live years. Mr. Dagger- ha- alvvavs been one of the I 
prominent and public spirited citizens of P 'leas- 

ant in disposition, upright and fair in all his dealing 
continually makes friends without ever losing any. .\s ;i 
Judge he was one of the most useful members of 



2io PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



:i; lie was ever ready to listen t<> the plea for mere) took part in the engagements near Richmond and Peters- 

and no matter how degraded the criminal arraigned before burgh, lie remained in service until the close "I the war 

him fudge I >aggers was read} to listen to a kind word for and was discharged in ( )ctober, [S65. Neither he nor his 

him; his natural disposition inclined him to mere} and brothers sustained any wounds. At the close of the war 

mam convicted culprits owe to fudge Daggers the last Mr. Harding returned t<> England onavisit; his mother 

chance which justice afforded to enable them to retrieve had died in the mean time; Ids father died when Mr. 

their lost reputations. Harding was bul six years oi age. While in England he 

I'im di rick 1 1 \ k 1 > i n ( . . — A prominent and progressive was married i<> a former schoolmate ofhis. lie brought 

establishment in this city engaged in a useful and growing his bride with him t<> this country and returned to Rock- 

industi} is that ofMr. Frederick Harding, a manufacturer ville, where he again found employment in the woe. lien 

paper boxes. The industr} was established in [872 by mills. After working for a lew months, in 1 m 17. he went 
Mr. Harding and he still maintains the supervision over I" Newark, X. |.. where he worked for some lime at file 
the business agisted l>v his two sons. Albert lames and cutting and wrench making, after which he was employed 
William Frederick, who are both capable and energetic in a paper box factory. In 1874 he came to Paterson and 
young men. having a thorough knowledge of the various started in business as a paper box manufacturer. His en- 
branches 11I the business acquired under the tutelage of erg} and industry, supplemented by excellent business 
theii father. The premises occupied comprise the entire qualifications, ensured his success, and he stands to-day 
structure Nos. 200 and 202 Straight street. The building prominent among the manufacturers and public spirited 
is ol brick, 1.0x90 feet and three stories high. It is fully citizens of Paterson. He is well known for his pleasant 
equipped with the most improved machinery and appli- and genial maimers. He has a fine suburban residence at 
ances known to the trade, including the patent box strip- I laledon. an illustration of which appears on another 
pin- machines which greatly facilitate the covering of page. 

md the laying mi of the paper with matheinatie.il Paterson, Dkain, Sewer and Well Pipe Works. — 

precision. Thirty expert operators are employed and the This establishment is located at Nos. 118 to 128 Park ave- 

machinery is driven by steam-power Mr. Harding manu- nue, and is owned by Mr. Joseph Sharpe It is one ol 

factures all sizes and different kinds of plain and fancy the foremost establishments of its kind in Paterson, its suc- 

paper boxes, his outpot being unrivalled by that of other cess being due to the energy and excellent business qualifi- 

first-clats houses ; he supplies a huge number of factories cations ol" its proprietor. 

in this city, New York, Newark. Passaic and other places. It is only about twenty years since cement drain pipe 
The cutting of blank Jacquard and Dobby cards for silk was first introduced to the public, and though it has met 
manufacturers and blank cards for carpet, damask and tap- with the natural opposition that any new and important 
e-ti\ manufacturers, in all sizes and qualities, is a special- invention always meets, it ha- steai ily gained in popular 
ty and as many as twenty tons of this material ate turned favor, until to-day its manufacture has become a very im- 
oul monthly. Of late Mats Mr. Harding has introduced portanl industry: in fact, the extent to which it has been 
great improvements in the methods of paper box manu- used under the most severe tests of exposure, has so satis- 
facturing, bot'ii as regards the rapidity with which boxes factorily proven its durability that manufacturers have been 
ate | I as well as the increased beauty of the style led to mound this cement into other useful articles, among 
and designs. Mr. Harding promptly gives estimates for which may be mentioned horseblocks, flagging for side- 
am style or size ol boxes, either plain or fancy, in any de- walks, copings, sills, lintels, curbings, etc.. tor all of 
sired number and colors. The capacity of the factory is which purposes and many others its practical utility has 
from three to ten thousand boxes a day and all orders are been thoroughly tested. 

filled at the shortest notice. This branch of industry is prominently represented in 
■ <k Harding was born in Melksham, Wilt- Paterson by Mr. Joseph Sharpe. who has conducted the 
shire, England, on Februar} 7. 1S46. IK- attended the manufacture of cement drain, sewer and well pipe here 
public schools ofhis native place until he was thirteen since 1S65, with annually increasing success. The mami- 
years ol age. lie then came to this countr} with his facturing plant covers about one acre, upon which is erect- 
brother Alfred, and went to Rockville, Conn., where he ed a two story frame factory, which is equipped with all 
worked in the woollen mills until he was seventeen years necessar} appliances for the work in hand, from ten to 
ol age. Mis brother James had enlisted in the Union twenty workmen being employed in the manufacture of 
army and came home on a thirty days furlough, having the product. These works are the most extensive of the 
served two years and live months. Before this furlough kind in the State and enjoy a reputation second to none for 
expired Mr. Frederick Harding had enlisted in the same the style and quality of the product. 

regiment, which had been raised in Hartford, and went to Main years of practical experiment and study 011 the 

the hunt, his enthusiasm in the cause of the Union being part cf the proprietor of these works have resulted in great 

so strong that he did not w ait until his brother accompan- improvements, both in quality and design. Mr. Sharpe 

ied him. Me was one ol' the youngest volunteers in the lias obtained a patent on the processes of manufacturing 

army. Me served under (uncials Butler and Ord and cement pipe, which greatly adds to the quality of the pipe 



PA1 ERSON, ILL USTRA TED. 



21 I 



made by this establishment, this process not being used by 
any other manufacturers in the country. In the manufac- 
ture of this cement pipe. Portland cement is used exclu- 
sively, making a pipe of great strength in a few days; the 
older the pipe is the harder it grows, eventually becoming 
as hard as the hardest rocks : it is warranted to last as long 
as the earth in which it is laid 

For drainage of every kind, acid and acid washes, or in 
short liquid matter of whatsoever description, these cement 
pipes are the best in the market. 

The trade of this house extends throughout a radius of 
one hundred miles of Paterson, on the several railroad con- 
nections, where agencies have been established ami st"eks 
of greater or less dimensions are carried in store. 

Isaac D. Blauvelt. — The Blauvelt family resided in 
Rockland County, N.Y., at an early date. Thomas Blau- 
velt, the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was 
a justice of the peace of that county for many years ami 
transacted a large amount of public business. He re- 
moved to Pompton, Passaic County, X. I., at an early 
period, where he operated a grist-mill and engaged in ag- 
ricultural pursuits. His son Daniel succeeded him at the 
same place and followed the same line of business 

Isaac I) Blauvelt was born on September 6, 1S27 His 
father was a shoemaker by trade ami followed that pursuit 
in the city of Newark for several years. Mr. Blauvelt re- 
ceived only an ordinary English education and at the age 
of sixteen began to learn the trade ot carriage making with 
Isaac Riker, ot Little Falls. After about a year he enter- 
ed the employ of lohn Gardner, of Newark, and a short 
time afterwards of John D. Hogan, of Paterson, with 
whom he finished his apprenticeship and remained two 
years. lie then went to work in the carshops of the Pat- 
erson & Hudson River railroad, which stood on the pres- 
ent site of St. John's Catholic church, where he remained 
two years in the wood working department. He then es- 
tablished the carriage business in a small way in Arch 
street, near North Main. He remained at this point for 
about four years and succeeded by close application to bus- 
iness in building up considerable trade anil in making a 
reputation for himself in connection with the manufacture 
of carriages. Owing to the necessity for increased facili- 
ties tor manufacture he removed his establishment to River 
street, nearly opposite the Passaic Hotel, where he re- 
mained for a number of years. In r 860 he removed to the 
corner ot Market and Prince streets and continued at that 
point until iS6^, when he was burned out. and having no 
insurance, suffered a loss of about seven thousand dollars. 
In the same year he purchased from the Society for Estab- 
lishing Useful Manufactures the site of his present factory 
on Paterson street and erected the building. He has since- 
been engaged in the genera] manufacture of carriages and 
sleighs of all kinds at that point and has the largest estab- 
lishment of that kind in Passaic County. He does a good 
class of work and is carrying on a large and successful bus- 
iness. 



Mr. Blauvelt has confined his labors closely to his busi- 
ness and engaged but little in public affairs. At the same- 
time, while no aspirant after political preferment, he has 
been called by his fellow citizens to fill several positions of 
importance. He represented the North Ward in the 
Board ofE lucation for three years, and was a member of 
the Board when the present school system was organized. 
He was alderman from the same ward for two years and 
filled that position at the breaking out oftlie war. He also 
represented the Third District of Passaic Count)- in the 
State legislature for two years. 

William L. Bambf.r. — The business conducted by this 
gentleman cannot be better described than by the follow- 
ing extract from the Scientific American : — •'The leading 
house in Paterson, N J., and probably in the State, en- 
gaged in the manufacture of all kinds of marble and gran- 
ite work is Mr. William L. Bamber, of 30. 32 and \\ 
\\ illis street The business was originally established by 
Mr. David 1!. Bamber in [S42, and after his death, which 
occurred in I .S - ^ . his son. Mr. William L. Bamber suc- 
ceeded to the business, when the present style of the firm 
was adopted. Mr. Bamber is regarded as an artist in his 

professi and some of the finest work as seen at the 

Cedar Lawn Cemetery and elsewhere emanates from his 
establishment. As an instance special reference may lie- 
made to a monument erected in memory of his father. It 
is a magnificent piece of sculpture representing a life size 
figure of Mr. David Bamber in pure white marble, resting 
on a pedestal of eight feet in height. It forms one of the 
great attractions of Cedar Lawn Cemetery. Mr. Bamber 
gives attention to all kinds of monumental work, and at 
bis atelier may be seen beautiful specimens of monuments. 
headstones, statuary and memorials, all of tastv designs 
ami embodying artistic conception to a high degree. llis 
studio and workshop is well arranged and equipped with 
a variety of valuable appliances. -V considerable force of 
artisans are employed all under his personal supervision. 
It is the aim to furnish strictly first-class work at reasona- 
ble prices, so that the public taste may lie both gratified 
and educated. An active business is being done, with a 
tendency to increase Designs and estimates are supplied 
whenever required. Mr. Bamber, it may be stated, is a 
gentleman in the prime of life, a thorough artist and an 
able business man : his success is the natural consequence 
of the manifestation of ability, intelligence and integrity, 
and the genuine courtesy which is extended to all is 
another factor ot the greatest importance." 

The IIixciii.ii 1 1: Bri wing ash Malting Company. 
— This company was incorporated the first day of May of 
the present year, the members of it being the same as com- 
posed the brewing and malting firm known in this city for 
years as Hinchlifte Brothers; they are the three sons of the 
founder of the old Eagle Brewery, who began business in 
the year 1S61. In that year Mr. John Hinchliffe leased the 
old -'Archie" Graham brewery : having a practical knowl- 
edge of brewing he established the business under the title 
of Hinchliffe & Co. : he subsequently associated himself 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



with Mr. fohn Shaw, a fellow countryman, and after- began, firm 1) keeping 4»i view the good business example 
wards a leading and popular citizen. 1 le lease having ol their father. Having retained the reputation made by 
expired Mr Graham recommenced business and the firm their predecessors up to this for fine airs and porters, their 
of EiinchlifFe & Co established an agenc) i"i Cox's then "Original B" especially being noted, and knowing that the 
bi ited ales, until they could erect a suitable brewery demand was increasing for the popular cool lager beer, 
for themselves. In 1867 the present Eagle ale and porter the} resolved to accede to their customers' wishes and add 
brewen was built; they then admitted a new member to to their already extensive plant a model lager beer brew- 
the firm, Mr. riiomas B. Penrose, also an Englishman ery. With this end in view they consulted the well known 
from Yorkshire, an experienced practical brewer and con- firm of Charles Stoll & Sun. brewery architei ts ol Brook- 
ceded to be one of the best brewers in the United States at lyn, who soon had plans and specificatii ms drawn for the 
that time; the firm name was then changed to Shaw. largesl brewery of its kind in the city; with their usual 
1 [inchlitfe .V Penrose Each member was suited t<> his par- push and energ) they immediately began to tear dow n old 
ticular department and the concern did a thriving and sue- buildings and prepare foi tin new and model ones, 
cessfnl business In [S72 to meet the requirements of After eight months had gone b) the) had completed the 
their increasing trade and to enable them to insure a con- lager beer brewery which is shown in the engraving 
slant suppl) of the best mall the) elected the extensive taken from the front elevation of the architect's plans, 
malt house which stands in the rear of the propert) : it is The storage and brew-house is five stories high, built of brick 
a massive brick structure 150x75 feet, six stories high, with and iron trimmed with granite from the Mount Adams 
slated roof; a switch from the New York, Lake Erie & Granite Co. In the rear is a three-stor) ice factory 
Western Railroad runs into the building where are \\n- in which there is one ol the De la Vergne ice machines 
loaded thousands ol bushels of barley daily coming from with a capacity of 65 tuns, which besides being capable ol 
Canada, New York State and western points ; the capacity refrigerating the entire plant is able to suppl) a large 
lis house, which is the only one in this vicinity, is over amount of artificial ice ; it is the most improved machine 
one hundred and fifty thousand bushels of malt per season ; and is used with the "direct" system These buildings 
it i- one of the most substantial and best equipped malt and two smaller ones constitute the lager heet brewery, 
houses in tin' State ; it is supplied with the best well water, which is said to be the heaviest building in tin- city; the 
free from lime and other objectionable ingredients, and iron work, of which there is a large amount, was contract- 
deseives the widespread reputation it has of producing the ed by the Watson Machine Works and t.ie Passaic Rolling 
finest malt. This department is under the efficient man- Mill. The copper work contained inside was also a large 
agemenl of Mr. Henry Coley, for years maltster at the II. contract, being executed by August Roos's Sons, copper- 
1!. Manning malt houses in Buffalo. smiths of New York. 

In the \ear 187S Mr. Penrose retired from the firm, "flu- casks, tanks, tubs, &c . which ai\' necessary in a 

the original parties. Shaw & llinchlitlc. buying .ml his well regulated brewer) that the beer ma) have the proper 

rests and lea\ ing hi- pupil. Mr. William F. I linchliil'e. age, were erected by Smith & Son. of Philadelphia, and J. 

in charge of the brewing department. Schwarzwalder & Sons.,,) New York; Mr. David Henry, 

In 18S1 Mr. Shaw was compelled to go abroad for his of Paterson, carpenter and builder, and Mr. Samuel Riley, 

health, hut instead of improving he gradually became mason, also ol Paterson, have the gratification of looking 

worse and died. upon a beautiful structure built largely by their hands. 

This left the founder of the business alone and under the The capacity of brewing is about 75,000 barrels per 

firm name of John Hinchliffe Ik- conducted a ver) success- year. The brewer) is under the direct supervision of the 

ful business until his death, Septembei tst, 18S6, he then company, which is composed of John Hinchliffe, president ; 

being in his sixtieth year ; he was buried at the Holy Sep- .William 1'. 1 linchliil'e. vice president, and James C. 

ulchre Cemetery, his remains being borne to their last rest- ' linchliffe, secretary and treasurer, w ho own equal shares 

ing place, in compliance with his request, by his oldest and "' stock. 

most trusted employees. He had been all through his life lie-ides the brewing and malting business they are in- 
a hard working man. strictly honest, conscientious and be- terested in several land companies, and are generally active, 
nevolent; he left two daughters and three sons, his wife The Paterson Consolidated Brewing Company — 
having died a few years before ; he was devotedly attached During the yeai tSSo. representatives ol an English syndi- 
to hi- family ami duri i n ss before his death a-- cate made overtures to a number ol the brewers in Pater- 
signed and deeded all hi- real and personal property to son to purchase theii entire establishments for the purp 
them: the brewer) property he gave to his sons, fohn, of forming a stock company and disposing of the stock in 
William F., and James C, who shortly/ after then father's England. A I lei Ion- and tedious negi itiations the project 
death began business under the firm name ol Hinchliffe fell through, hut it had not \'n-:i without fruit The nego- 
Brothers. tiations had brought the brewers closer together and they 
These young men. having keen trained up b) theii recognized the benefits to be derived from concerted action 
lather in the different departments of malting and brew- among men having an identity of interests. The result 
ing, were thus properl) fitted to continue the business and was the formation of the Paterson Consolidated Brewing 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



! '3 



Company by the proprietors of four of the largest brewer- 
ies in the city. The company now owns the breweries 
formerly under the personal management of Christian and 
Louis Braun, Sprattler cc Mennell, James A. Graham cc 
Co and the Katz Brothers. These gentlemen now share 
with each other the enormous advantages to be derived 
from large purchases, a general surveillance of the busi- 
ness under one management and the numerous other bene- 
fits derived b\ an amalgamation of interests. The officers 
of the company are the following: Bernard Katz. presi- 
dent; Philip Katz, first vice president ; James A Graham, 
second vice president ; Christian Mennell, treasurer ; Louis 
F. Braun, secretary; Christian Braun, general brewer. 
Following are sketches of the various breweries owned by 
the consolidated company : — 

The Braun Brewery of the Paterson Consoli- 
dated Brewing Company. — In 1855 Mr. Christian 
Braun, father of Messrs. Christian and Louis F. Braun. 
started a brewery on the corner of Braun and Marshall 
streets and conducted the business with increasing trade 
and success until the year 1870, when he leased the busi- 
ness to Sprattler & Mennel. Mr. Braun died in 1S76 and 
his suns took possession ol the business. They were 
young men of excellent business qualifications, liberal ami 
pleasant, and tlic\ soon built up a business second to none 
in the city. The brewery was increased until they had a 
structure 75x200, three stories high, equipped with all the 
latest improved appliances for the production of a superior 
grade of lager beer ; the capacity of the brewery is 60,1 
barrels per year. Every facility and advantage, which 
long experience and a thorough knowledge of the business 
could bring to bear, was used, and all theoperation ol thi 
business were conducted under the immediate supervision 
of the proprietors, who are experienced and practical 
brewers. In [888 a 25-ton ice machine was put in and 
this was supplemented after the consolidation had taken 
place, by a 50-ton ice machine. At present work is in 
progress for the erection of a new brew house, five stories 
high, 42x44, built of brick and ornamented with brown 
stone. A handsome malt tower, having a capacity of ten 
thousand bushels of malt, will surmount the building 
which will be one of the finest and most costly in the city. 

I the ground to the top of the tower is a distance of 

1 1 1 feet. The brewery when completed will have a ca- 
pacity of 1 ^0.000 barrels of beer per annum An engrav- 
ing of the building as completed is presented on page rSi. 
On the opposite side of the street are the stables where the 
twenty horses used in the business are boused. 

The Sprattler & Mennell Brewery of the Pat- 
erson Consolidated Brewing Company. — Mr. Gustav 

Sprattler and Mr. Christian Mennell established the brew- 
ing of lager beer in Paterson in 1870, having leased the 
brewery up to that time operated 1 v Mr. Christian Braun. 
Here they laid the foundations for the splendid trade subse- 
quently controlled by the house. In 1N76 they took pos- 
session of a new brewery, which they had elected for the 
purpose and which at that time had a capacity of S.000 



barrels per annum. In the succeeding years enlargements 
ol the plant were made and new buildings erected until the 
brewer) is one of the most complete in all respects in New 
Jersey, having a capacity ol |c,..,i,:j barrels per annum. 

The plant covers an area of 185x200 feet, upon which are 
erected ice houses, brewery and malt houses, store houses,&c. 
It is equipped with all the latest improved machinery and ap- 
pliances. In 1887 a j^-toii ice machine was added, being 
the first of its kind in the city of Paterson. Mr. Sprattler died 
in October, 1885, and the business was conducted by his estate 
and by Mr. Mennell until the consolidation look place in 
1 10, when the interest of the Sprattler estate was absorb- 
ed bv the company. Owing to the great scarcity of ice 
the consolidated company concluded to erect an ice plant 
and for thi- purpose a brick addition, s (| x'i^. was added to 
the brewery. In lliis building was placed a 50-ton ice ma- 
chine which has produced thirty tons of ice a day for some 
time, the ice being used by the various brewers, when they 
stood in need of any in addition to their respective ice 
plants, and is served to the customers of the consolidated 
company. 

The Graham Breweio oi 1111-. Paterson Consoli- 
dated Brewing Company. — Among the most experi- 
enced brewers in the State is Mr. James A. Graham. 
lie was employed in a brewery early in his life and learn- 
ed the business thoroughly in every department. Lor nine 
years he was superintendent of a large brewery in Pater- 
son anil in 1887 lie concluded to go into business for him- 
self, for this purpose he purchased a tract of land lying on 
Cedar street and running from Straight street to Ramapo 
avenue. This '.rave him a very desirable location, being 
in the centre of the city and adjoining the tracks of the 
New York, Lake Erie & Western railroad. On this he 
erected a substantial brewery having all the modern appli- 
ances and machinery. The building is three stories high, 
built of brick and has a frontage of 40 feet and a depth of 
IOO feet. The engine and boiler house is separate from 
the main building and its dimensions are 25x30 feel. The 
stable attached to the brewery is 40x60. All that was 
needed to make the project a success was a supply of pure 
water and this was obtained by the sinking of an artesian 
well. A number of v erv deep weilshad been previously 
sunk in various parts of the city and all had yielded an 
abundant supply of pure water, so that the sinking of the 
weli was not an experiment. Mr. Graham's business vvas 
a success from the start, just what his friends had antici- 
pated. He had the knowledge, the energy and the ni 
sai v business qualifications and was in possession of a well 
equipped brewery. The demand for the product of tin- 
brew erv at once taxed the resources to their fullest extent 
and there has not been an idle day at the establishment 
since it was started. In addition to a large home trade 
Mr. ( i rah a m soon built up a trade outside of the city until 
his ales and porter are well known throughout this part of 
the St iti . 

The Burton Breweri or 1111-: Paterson Consoli- 
dated Brewing Company. — No industry has ever met 



214 



/ '. / / -I-IRSON, IL I. ( '.S 7 A . I TED. 



will re remarkable success than the industr) ofPhilip 

and Bernard Katz, who for a number of years conducted 
the brewing business under the firm name of Katz Broth- 
ers. Ii was more by accident than b) design thai the} em- 
barked in the brewing business but once engaged in it 
thej gave to ii all their energj and attention and the) soon 
ranked among the mosl successful and besl known brew- 
ing firms in the country. They began brewing in fuly, 
18771 " u the corner of Godwin and Bridge streets, where 
their capacit) was twenty-five barrels per day. The onl) 
difficult) the) experienced was that they could not suppl) 
the demand for their product. While the) were contem- 
plating the erection of a new brewer) or looking for some 
wj\ iii which their establishment could be increased so as 
to meet all the demands made upon it the Burton brewery 
was offered for sale. This brewer) had been erected only 
a ver) few years; it stood on Straight and Governor 
streets and had been built b) the Burton Brewing Com- 
pany, an organization composed ol men of means who, 
however, had had very little experience in the particular 
line of business in which they found themselves engaged. 
Dissensions among the stockholders and other difficulties 
arose and the compan) finally resolved to go into liquida- 
tion. The) owned one of the fines! breweries in the State ; 
no expense had Keen spared in its erection and equipment, 
but even with all these advantages the business proved a 
failure and the compan) was glad to find a purchaser. A 
wonderful change came over the order of things when 
Kat/ Brothers took possession. They thoroughly under- 
stood the business in which the) were engaged and in 
place ol dissensions came perfect unity. Soon even this 



large brewer) became too small for the demand. It was 
purchased in 1882 and since then not a twelvemonth has 

passed that did no! see some material additions and im- 
provements. Their \\\ and Canada Malt Ale and other 
brands were in such demand wherever they had been in- 
troduced thai the firm soon found it necessar) to open 

stores in New York and other eities and their renown as 

brewers ceased being provincial or local and became na- 
tional, from all parts of the United Stalls came orders 
for Katz Brothers' ales and porters. Having met with this 
almost phenomenal success in the brewing of ales and por- 
tei they concluded in [888 to undertake the brewing of la- 
ger beer and for this purpose erected a substantial addition 

to their already large establishment. Their experience in 
the brewing ofbeer was a repetition of their previous ex- 
perience. From a small beginning in twelve years the 
Katz Brothers found themselves in possession of a business 
for which an English syndicate offered a round million oi 
dollars. Their brewery has a frontage of 200 feet on 
Straight street, 300 feet on Governor street and 300 feel 
on Harrison street: it has an annual capacity of 130,000 
bai ids. 

There is one feature which has been remarkably prom- 
inent in this iii in and which has undoubtedly contributed a 
great deal towards their success and that is the unity in 
which the two members of the linn act together. They 
are both active and enterprising but the undertaking of one 
is always shared by the other. Their purposes are always 

combined and in the execution of them each lakes an ei 
share. Brotherly affection and unit) was never better ex- 
emplified than in the firm of Katz Brothers. Their mother 
aged S2, still active and cheerful, resides with them. 



5fo 




ORTRAITS AND RESIDENCES. 



217 




JACOB V. ACKERMAN 



218 




("RANK W. ALLEN. 



219 




JAMES BELL. 



220 




DE WITT C. BOLTON. 



221 




JOHN F. BUCKLEY. 







RESIDENCE Or MR. ROBERT BARBOUR. 



223 



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225 




JOHN J. BROWN. 



226 




RESIDENCE OF MR. CORNELIUS A. CADMUS. 




VIEW ON CARROLL STREET SOUTH FROM BROADWAY. 



227 




CORNELIUS A CADMUS. 



228 




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229 




HENRY B. CROSBY. 



230 




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231 




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JOHN CHEYNE. 



233 







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JAMES CROOKS. 



234 




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236 




ANDREW DERROM. 



237 





ROBERT M. EKINGS. 



23S 




GEORGE M. ELLIOT. 



239 




SIDNEY FARRAR. 



240 




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241 




GARRET A. HOBART. 



242 




RESIDENCE OF MR. HENRY DOHERTY. 




RESIDENCE OF MR. JAMES A. MORRISSE. 



243 




GEORGE G. HALSTEAD. 



244 




THE LATE THOMAS D HOXSEY. 



245 




T. F. HOXSEY 



246 




JOHN T. HILTON. 



247 




LESLIE ME\GER. 



248 




JOHN HOPPER. 



249 




ROBERT I. HOPPER. 



250 




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251 




M. HOUMAN. 



252 




RESIDENCE OF MR. JAMES INGLIS, JR. 



253 





JAMES INGLIS, JR. 



254 




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255 




JAMES JACKSON. 



256 







257 




CHARLES M. KING. 



258 







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259 




JOHN F. KERR. 



260 




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261 




REV. G. W. I. LANDAU. 



262 




■^'-'/ : '::^i 



RESIDENCE OF MR. WILLIAM T. RYLE. 



263 




GEORGE W. LATIMER. 







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265 




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266 




RESIDENCE OF MR. FRANCIS K. McCULLY. 



267 




FRANCIS K. McCULLY. 



268 




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269 



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SAMUEL NATHAN. 



270 




JAMES W. McKEE. 



271 




FLORIAN OBORSKI. 



272 




RESIDENCE OF MR. WILLIAM NELSON. 



273 




WILLIAM NELSON. 



274 



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275 




THE LATE CHARLES R. PELGRAM. 



276 




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277 




ARTHUR B. PEARCE. 



278 




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279 




T. W RANDALL. 



280 




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281 




JOHN REYNOLDS. 



282 




P. H. SHIELDS. 



283 




T. C. SIMONTON. 



284 




FRANCIS SCOTT. 



285 




S. S. SHERWOOD. 



o,si ; 




RESIDENCE OF MR. WILLIAM M. SMITH. 




VIEW ON ELLISON STREET EAST OF COLT STREET. 



287 




WILLIAM M. SMITH. 



288 




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C. C SHELBY 



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291 



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JOSEPH TOWELL. 



292 






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THE LATE SOCRATES TUTTLE. 



J 



293 




THE LATE HENRY A. WILLIAMS. 



294 




FRANK VAN CLEVE. 



295 




ALFRED A. VAN HOVENBERGH. 



296 




P. D WESTERVELT. 



297 




JAMES WILSON. 



298 




RESIDENCE OF MR. JACOB WALDER. 



299 




JOHN J. WARREN. 



300 




VIEW ON MAIN STREET, NEAR COURT HOUSE. 




A bU3INE33 BLOCK ON MARKET STREET. 



301 




GEORGE WURTS. 



302 




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A BIT OF SCENERY NEAR HIGH BRIDGE. 



Biographical. 



>'-i|H mvAI; " T. Bell was born in Stanhope. N. J., on 
-y March 26, 1843. His family subsequently re- 
v . moved to Branchville, Sussex county, where he 
enjoyed the advantages of a district school. In 1860 he 
graduated at the Collegiate Institute in Newton, X. J. 
Early in his life lie showed an inclination for the business 
of banking and at the age of seventeen he entered the em- 
ploy of the bank at Hackettstown, N. J. With character- 
istic energy he devoted himself to the study of the theory 
as well as the practice of banking, and was rewarded by 
rapid advancement. In the spring of [864 he accepted 
the appointment of teller in the then Bank of Jersey City, 
now the Second National Bank of Jersey City. In the 
same year he was elected cashier of the first National 
Bank of Paterson, which was at that time reorganizing. 
llis practical knowledge of the details of the business 
made his selection a very fortunate one for the bank. In 
1.N74 he severed his connection with the bank in order to 
engage in mercantile pursuits in New York city. He con- 
tinued as one of the directors of the bank, and in iSSj was 
elected vice president. In [883 he again entered the ac- 
tive service of the hauls, resuming the desk and duties he 
hail voluntarily relinquished several years before. During 
his mercantile career in New York he visited Europe on 
several occasions on important business connected with the 
firm of which he was a member. He was chairman of 
the New [ersey state commission to the Paris Exposition 
of 1878, and had charge of the arrangements fou the ban- 
quet tendered to General Grant. His relations with the 
Commissioner General of the United States were cordial 
and confidential, he being frequently entrusted with duties 
connected with the administration of the American section. 
Mr. Bell is well known as a man of public spirit, always 
reach and willing to assist in any movement tending to the 
ad\ ancement of Paterson. 1 1 is sen ices in connection with. 
the erection of the Church of the Redeemer were very 
valuable; as one of the Commissioners of Parks he has 
labored diligently and faithfully. He devotes considerable 
time to public affairs, in which he is warmly interested, 
and while always declining public office he is ever willing 
to aid by his advice and efforts every good cause which 
may prove of benefit to the people. 
35 



D1AV111 C. BOLTON was born June 16th. 1848, at 
Kahway. X.J. At four years of age he removed with 
his father to the City of Paterson. where he has continued 
to reside. At an early age he became an employee in a 
cotton factory. His father was superintendent and had 
very extensive experience in the manufacture of cotton fab- 
rics. But young Bolton, not satisfied with the limitations 
surrounding his position, resolved to enter upon a task at 
once more congenial to his taste and hopeful for the future. 
He began to study law. With the superb advantages that 
most students enjoy, the study of the law is the natural 
sequence following life at college and preceding life in the 
world. But with Mr. Bolton, it was different, indeed. 
His life was not flushed with such roseate tints. He 
studied law at night for two years and worked in the fac- 
tory during the day. Finally to the regret of' all with 
whom he daily worked, he gave up his employment to 
complete his studies in the office of his preceptor, prepar- 
atory to his application for admission to the bar. At the 
June term of the Supreme Court, 1881, he received his 
license to practice as an attorney-at-law, and three years 
later at the June term of the same court he was admitted 
to practice as a counsellor-at-law. Mr. Bolton is a Re- 
publican, and a very prominent member of his party in the 
county of Passaic. He served for main years upon the 
Executive Committee of the county. He was elected an 
Assemblyman in [S84, and again in [S85. His voice and 
vote were always with the right. He ranged himself with 
the people and the promises that he made before election 
he faithfully kept. He is remembered gratefully by all his 
old associates in the Assembly, for having injected into 
many a cold debate the warming influence of his wit. 



bmx (. Brown was born in New York city in [S17. 
When he was five years of age his parents removed from 
New York and settled in Paterson. where his father en- 
gaged in the grocery business. John J. attended school 
until he was thirteen years of age, when he became a clerk 
in a dry goods store. He went to New York in 1834 and 
effected an engagement as clerk with fames La Tonrette, 
at that time a noted manufacturer of furs and cloth caps. 






PA 7 ERSi. W, 1L 1. 1 r S TRA TED. 



in whose employ he continued for three years. In this 
employment he passed the winter of [836-7 in New Or- 
leans. When he returned t" New ^ ork in May, 1837, ' 1e 
found that his employei had failed, having gone down in 
the great financial storm of that year, which carried with 
it tin- United States banks, together with many of the large 
an I small establishments of the day. This failure prevent- 
ed him from entering into business for himself, as ho 
otherwise would have done, and he accordingly returned 
1.1 Paterson. lie then again found employment as a clerk 
in a ilr\ goods store and a few years later succeeded to his 
father's grocer} business. IK- continued the latter until 
[S44, when he changed his vocation and embarked in the 
tli x goods business. This venture proved a very success- 
ful one and lie continued in il until 1 Si > - . At the close of 

his mercantile 1 areer lie had a large establishment on Main 
street, and had built up the most extensive business of the 
kin. I in the city, lie thin devoted his talents to larger 

cts ami became one of the most prominent men ol 
the city. His connection with the First National Bank, 
with the Savings Institution, with the Cedar Lawn Ceme- 
tery Company, with the Paterson and Passaic Horse Kail- 
load Company, and the large share of work which he has 
clone towards making Paterson one of the most flourishing 
cities in the country are told on other pages. \" impor- 
tant step has ever been taken in the improvement of the 
city without his valuable advice and assistance. When 
Paterson was organized Mr. Brown was chosen one of the 
members of the Hoard of Aldermen, anil he was re-elected 
to that position while absent in Europe. In 1S5-1 he was 
elected the first Mayor of the city, hut at the expiration of 
his term he persistently declined a re-election. During 
his Mavoralty he projected and carried out the measure 
tor paving tiie sidewalks, which before this time had been 
almost entirely neglected. It was also during his connec- 
tion with the city government that the first sewer was con- 
structed. In [S56 he was induced to accept the Republi- 
can nomination lor the Legislature and was elected. He 
served in the Assembly for one year and this closed his 
official career, as since that time he has invariably declined 
all offices which have been tendered to him. A recent 
writer says very properly of Mr. Brown: ••He is a 
tleman of very active, energetic temperament, syste- 
matic and practical in evervthing that he does, court 
and polite in demeanor to all and as a business man and 
bank director has no superior. His earnest spirit and 
good sense in executive management make him invaluable 
as a co-worker in all enterprise-. He avoids ostentation 
in every particular, and is as discreet and practical in all 
his tastes as he is reliable in his character. Socially he is 

noted tor his genial traits, kindness of heart and steadfast- 
ness in the discharge ol' all moral and religious duties." 



Jons F. P. was horn in Paterson on February', 

2. in 1 _•. the second son ol e\-Mavor Benjamin Buckley. 



He was educated in the public and private schools of the 
city, and subsequently was employed in the Cooke loco- 
re works. At the breaking out of the war of the re- 
bellion he enlisted as private of Co. I . 2d Regiment, N. 1. 
Volunteers; after serving over a year he was transferred 
to Co. A. of the 11th Regiment of V I. Volunteers, of 
which company he was successn ely made Second Lieuten- 
ant, first Lieutenant and Captain, holding the latter posi- 
tion tin three years when he was honorably discharged. 
1 le w a- wounded at the battle oft raines' Mill. Returning 

to Paterson at the close of the war he took an active inter- 
est in politics and in iNjowas elected a member of the 
Board ol Chosen Freeholders from the Fifth Ward; the 
ward was strongly Democratic hut Mr. Buckley's popular- 
ity not only overcame this but also gave him a handsome 

majority; in [872 he was again a candidate and was re- 
iki ted by an increased majority . At the expiration of his 
second term in 1 S 74 lie was by an almost unanimous vote 
of the following Board chosen Warden of the County fail, 
and he has held that office ever since, his popularity pre- 
venting others from aspiring to that position. Mr. Buck- 
ley has always been a Republican and an active worker 
tor the party's interests; for ten years he has Keen a mem- 
ber ol' the Republican County Committee and for four 
vears chairman of that organization. 



Corn] 1 11 s A. Caomi s was horn in Bergen county, X. 

].. on October 7. 1844, and altera Common school educa- 
tion entered into mercantile business in New York city 
where for a number of vears he was a prominent produce 
merchant. lie took up his residence in Paterson when 
young, and has always been identified with the progress of 
the city. Unostentatious and of a pleasant disposition he 
made hosts of friends. He had always keen a Democrat 
hut kept aloof from public lite. In [8S3 he was induced 
to accept the Democratic nomination for assembly in the 
third district of Passaic county f , a district which had always 
■_;iven a large Republican majority. Such was his pop- 
ularity that he easily overcame the Republican majority 
and defeated a popular antagonist. Alter serving one 
trim in the assembly he declined a leiioinination which 

was unanimously tendered him. In 1 S87 he was again in- 
duced to enter the political field and accepted the Demo- 
cratic nomination tin- sheriff of Passaic county. The 
county had elected a Republican sheriff three vears before 
by considerably over two thousand majority and had since 
that time given large majorities against the Democrats. 
( )n the part of any other person the acceptance of t lie nom- 
ination would have keen foolhardy, especially as the Re- 
publicans were almost unanimous in the selection of 
their < tndidate. But Mr. Cadmus not onlv overcame the 
Republican majority hut was elected by a majority of 
[8S5. He is at present serving the last yeai of his term 
and there is no doubt that he will have the office a more 

popular man even than he was when he entered it. 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



■< ■<- 



foHN Cheyne was born in Cooper, County Fife, Scot- 
land, on February i-. 1841, and at eleven years of age 
went to work in a flax mill. At fourteen years of age he 
was employed as hackle machine bo) in the mills of Cox 
Brothers, at Lochee, Dundee. In this establishment, 
which employed six thousand hands. Mr. Cheyne learned 
thoroughly the manipulation of the tlax fibre; he devoted 
himself diligently to a thorough knowledge of tlax manu- 
facture, working himself up from the humble position he 
had when he entered the employ of Cox Brothers to the 
position of assistant manager of the whole works. In the 
fall of 1S72, Xe\ ins & Co., of Boston, Mass., were in want 
of a skilled superintendent for their extensive works a1 
Bethuen, Mass.. and they offered this position to Mr. 
Cheyne, having become satisfied that he of all others was 
the proper man for the place. Mr. Cheyne was according- 
ly induced to come to this country and for seven years he 
managed the mills at Bethuen. lie then formed the 
acquaintance of Mr. John Sloan, the president of the 
Dolphin Manufacturing Company of Paterson, and was 
induced to accept the position as general superintendent of 
these works. For eleven years he remained in this posi- 
tion, having only recently severed his connection with the 
Dolphin company. During the time that he was superin- 
tendent the mills were repeatedly enlarged under his per- 
sonal supervision. Mr. Cheyne is well known for his 
pleasant disposition, energy ami liberality. While super- 
intendent of the Dolphin mills he inaugurated a system by 
which the hands contributed weekly from their pay 
towards the maintenance of the two hospital- in Paterson, 
an honored custom which was subsequently adopted in a 
large number of the other industrial establishments in the 
city. 



Hexry I!. Crosby, whose portrait and a picture of 

whose residence are given on other pages, was born in 
Brattleboro, Vermont, in 1S15. He came to Paterson in 
[S37 and began a mercantile life. For nearly half a cen- 
turv he w.i- engaged in the grocery business, both whole- 
sale and retail, and was always regarded as one of the 
foremost business men of the city. In matters pertaining 
to the progress of the city Mr. Crosby held a similar posi- 
tion, being actively identified with nearly every movement 
that had tor its object the advancement of the cit\ of Pat- 
erson. He has been for a number of years president of 
the Cedar Lawn Cemetery Company, a director of the 
First National Bank and a prominent and ever active mem- 
ber of the Board of Trade. In politics Mr. Crosby has 
always been a Republican, and he was a delegate to the 
convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln for Presi- 
dent. His own inclinations favored Mr. Seward, but when 
it become apparent that the party favored Mr. Lincoln Mr. 
Crosb) cast hi- vote for him. A number of years ago Mr. 
Crosby retired from active life as a business man. but he 
has ever continued solicitous of the city's welfare. In 1.SN4 
he read before the Board of Trade a paper on public parks. 



impressions gathered during a recent trip through Europe : 
the result was an agitation which resulted in plai 

Paterson in possession of two tine parks. Mr. Crosby's 
residence on Broadway is one of the landmarks of the 
city; although now situated in the very, heart of Pater- 
son. the spot where it -lands was when he purchased 
it and began the erection of the building, a cornfield, 
[ts architecture was different from that of an) of the houses 
which had been erected in the city and people came main 
miles to -ee the structure in which Mr. Crosby proposed to 
to live. 



Andrew Derrom. — The ancestors of Col. Derrom on 
the male side are the deRomes of French Flanders, who 
settled near Manchester. England, earl) in 1600, and sub- 
sequently in Montreal and Quebec, Canada. For more 
than 200 years members of the family were in the military 
service of ( ireat Britain, notabl) in the Guards, Artillery, 
&c. One of his great grandfathers was one of Wolfe's 
grenadiers at the taking of Quebec. His father's grand- 
1 was a volunteer under Lord Elliott at the great 
sie^e ol Gibraltar; his father was a volunteer from the 
Guards to a lighting line regiment, and saw much active 
service. On the mother's side the stock was pure i- 
shire. Anglo-Saxon sturdy, industrial yeomanry of the most 
industrial county in England. 

Col. Andrew Derrom was born on Nov. 30, [817, while 
hi- father w a- in the military service of the British gov- 
ernment. His parents were Richard and Mary (Winders) 
Derrom. the former of whom was born near Manchi 
England, and the latterat Leeds. Richard Derrom passed 
hi- life in the service of his country, spending a portion of 
the time in the army and at other times in the civil branch 
of the sen ice. 

Col. Derrom was the second of the six children who 
grew to the years, ,1' maturity. His earliest recollection- 
extend back to the year [820 or [S21, when his father was 
stationed on the isle of Malta, where important fortifica- 
tions were bei ructed. He remembers also having 
resided on the Isle of Corfu, and on thai of /ante, famous 
for the beauty and splendor of its gardens. When six 
years of age lie resided on the island of Cephalonia, at .Vi- 
lli, where he received his earliest instructions at a pri- 
vate school, and also special less. ms in writing at die mili- 
tary clerk's office of the department. Here also he re- 
ceived moral and religious instruction from Rev. Dr. Ken- 
nedy and wife, missionaries of the English church at whose 
house he was often accustomed to meet Lord Byron, who 
was on the island training his silver-bespangled Suliots for 
his descent on Greece. In [824 he was taken to England 
and attended a private school at Plymouth for some 
months, and subsequently received instruction at the gram- 
mar school of the same place. He next attended the 
grammar school attached to St. John's church. Glasgow, 
Scotland, and after that resided at different points in Ire- 
land, and finally at Londonderry, where his lather was 






PA TERSi W, II- 1 1 r S IK. 1 TED. 



stationed in the civil service, and where he attended 
Creighton's grammar school, situated on the Wall above 
« fovernor Walker's testimonial. For three years thereafter 
he was instructed by a private tutoi in connection with his 
brothers James and John, the former of whom is an architect 
and major of the Victoria Rifles in New Zealand, where 
the family finally located, and where both Richard Derrom 
ami his w ife died. 

After leaving Londonderry in [834, Col. Derrom went 
to Deal, England, where he studied higher mathematics 
with a friend — a branch of science in which he took great 
delight — ii being his intention i<> lit himself for the profes- 
sion of a civil and military engineer. He lefl Deal for the 
United States in August, [S36, and arriving in New York 
entered George Hayward's lithographic office in Nassau 
street, being an adept in drawing and coloring. In No- 
vember, 1S36, he was sent to Paterson to assist I'. S. Van 
Wagoner, the civil engineer, to lay out and prepare maps 
of the city and vicinity. He made the first map (if Pas- 
saic City also, for John Lloyd, an old resident of that 
place. In March, i s .i7- for the purpose of obtaining a 
practical knowledge of architecture, he apprenticed him- 
self in a carpenter and builder in Paterson, and after three 
years was placed in charge of the business. In 1844 he 
began business on his own account in Paterson, and car- 
ried on one of the largest building enterprises in the State 
until the breaking oul of the war in 1S61, when, owing to 
his early military education and his admitted executive 
ability, he was chosen chairman of the war committee to 
raise troops, and succeeded in filling the several quotas of 
soldiers without the necessity of a draft, in one instance 
within three weeks. In 1862 when President Lincoln 
called for "300,000 men and 300,000 more," making 600,- 
000 in all, a draft was ordered if the quota was not filled 
In volunteers. Col. Derrom by energetic appeals to the 
patriotism of the people, seconded by his active personal 
exertions, succeeded in raising the quota for Paterson with- 
in three days. Failing in his efforts to have Passaic Comi- 
ty soldiers commanded by Passaic men. it was arranged to 
have a regiment formed composed of five companies from 
Paterson and five from the Southern section of New Jer- 
sey, of which he was unanimously elected colonel. He 
was mustered into the service of the United Mates on 
Sept. 39, [S62. In a few days he had the regiment- the 
Twenty-fifth New Jersey Infantry — in perfei and 

discipline, and proceeded to the seat of war in October 
following. On arriving at Washington he was appointed 
ommand a brigade of Vermont, Massachusetts and 
New Jersey troops; but expressing a desire to do dutv 
with his own regiment, many of whom had been indu 
to enlist by him, he resumed his duty as colonel. The 
regiment performed valuable service in the field, and par- 
ticipated in a number of important engagements. At the 
battle of Fredericksburg, after the day was really lost, the 
regiment, with Col. Derrom at ii- head, was the only one 
to advance to the enemy's work- at die time, and the ni-ht 
being dark was controlled by Lhe whistle-calls of it- leader 



alone. Throughout the entire service in the field Col. 
Derrom earned the warm approval and indorsement ofhis 
superior officers, and performed hi- duties in a soldierly 
and successful manner. His engineering talents came into 
active play upon the occasion of the attack oi Longstreel 
upon Suffolk, Va., in 1S63, when within eight hours loads 
were built and bridges constructed over Broer's Creek un- 
der his supervision and direction, preventing a detour of 
live mile- ami bringing the troop- on the Nansemond river 
into close and lapid communication with each other and 
with Suffolk, contributing essentially to the successful ter- 
mination of the siege. 

After lhe expiration of the regular term of service. Col. 
Derrom returned to Paterson, expecting to rejoin the armv 
with his regiment reorganized as veterans ; hut he found 
hi- private business affairs in such a disastrous condition 
that it wa- necessary tor him to remain at home and look 
after (he interests of hi- family. Within three years he 
restored his business, paid all indebtedness, and employed 
from four to live hundred men. lor years he had one ol 
the largest building enterprises in the country, and many 
of the manufacturing, public and private buildings in Pat- 
erson were erected by him. including Such structure- as 
the Dale, Arkwright, Empire, Waverly and franklin 
mills. In many of the factories of the city, after the adop- 
tion of the tariff provisions ol' [842, he designed and built 
the machinery with the assistance of expert mechanics, 
lie was the first in the United States to make complete sec- 
tional buildings that could he built in one place and trans- 
ported to another and put up. and received a bronze medal 
from the American Institute Fairin i^>j for his mechanic- 
al genius, and in [872 both a silver and specialgold medal 
from the New Jersey Slate Fair at Waverly. In [S70, 
having acquired a handsome competency, he retired from 
active business and established the Derrom Building Com- 
pany, putting in seventy-five thousand dollars of hi- capi- 
tal and adding more from time to time. The corporate 
enterprise was at first verv successful, hut owing to the 
approaching business depression, signs of which had al- 
ready begun to appear, it met with subsequent disasters, 
and finally collapsed. Even at this critical time Col. Der- 
rom did not hesitate to I il • <>\ hi- private mean- lo liqui- 
date the indebtedness ol tin- concern. He was subsequent- 
ly invited to goto i. aracas, Venezuela, where he estab- 
lished large construction shop- on the American system, 
and tilled lhe position of supervisor and architect for near- 
ly lour years. lie returned in iN~o. ami i- now with his 
son, Andrew Derrom. Jr., in business as supervising arch- 
itects in Paterson. 

Besides his success as a mechanical engineer and as a 
commanding officer of brave soldiers in the field, Col. 
iin has been since his first residence in Paterson. one 
of it- most active ami useful public men. and has been 
Iv identified with main of the improvements and in- 
stitutions of the city, lie was instrumental in establish- 
ing People's Park on Madison avenue, and in developing 
other sections of the city. I pon the first organization of 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



309 



the municipal government of Paterson, he was elected al- 
derman from the West ward, and took a prominent part 
in perfecting the city government. lie drew most of the 
ordinances, and his services were especially valuable in 
the arranging and correcting of street grades and lines. 
He was elected to serve a second term in the Board from 
the same ward. In 1853 he was chosen President oi the 
City Council of Paterson as an independent candidate, a 
position that was equivalent to Mayor, and in which only 
two others had preceded him. viz. : fudge Philemon Dick- 
erson and Charles Danforth. During his administration 
of municipal affairs, taxes were light, expenses small, and 
the debt of the city not only reduced, but a balance left in 
the treasury. In the spring he was appointed the first 
President of the Board of Education and Superintendent 
•of Public Schools. He was the founder, organizer and 
■developer of the present Free Public School System in 
Paterson, giving it the highest tone and perfecting the sys- 
tem, lie remained with the Board of Education tor live 
years. (1S54— 5— 6-7-8,) and so thorough were the public 
schools that private schools could not be sustained against 
them. Col. Derrom has also been actively connected with 
other local institutions of Paterson; was the first vice 
president of tlie savings bank and of the Passaic water 
company. He was married in 1842 to Elizabeth Yrecland. 
a representative of some of the first settlers of Paterson. 
The children have been four in number, viz. : Andrew, 
lames A.. Mary L., wife of Casiano Santana. a banker of 
Caracas. Venezuela, and Elizabeth M. X. Derrom. Miss 
Jennie L. Derrom. is an adopted daughter, and occupies 
a cherished place in the household of which she forms a 
part. 



George G. Halstead, Director of the Board of Cho- 
sen Freeholders, was the son of William E. Halstead. one 
of the veterans of the war of the rebellion who died in 
1S63 in consequence of wounds received at the battle of 
Chancellorsville, \'a. His mother came from Poughkeep- 
sie. X. Y.. and died in iSj<-t. Mr. Halstead was born in 
Fair street, in this city, on the 12th of July, 1S46, and first 
went to school to Miss Halstead in the old Congregational 
church in Market street. Prom there he went to the pub- 
lic school in Division street until the public school in Van 
Houten street was completed ; here he attended until he 
had passed through the highest class. He was then only 
thirteen years of age and went to work in Grant's locomo- 
tive works, where he was employed four successive years. 
Then he took up the studj of surveying and has devoted 
himself to that work ever since. Mr. Halstead wasalways 
a student, ami tew persons in Paterson know more of the 
details of the early history of their native home than does 
Mr. Halstead. Poi seven years he was judge of election 
in the first district of the Fourth Ward, and for five years 
a justice of the peace, his court being always given the 
preference by litigants who desired to have their cases set- 
tled without appeal to a higher tribunal. In 1 S.S z he was 



elected a member of the Board of Freeholders from the 
Fourth Ward and he has since served that ward in the 
Board. In 1888 he was the unanimous choice of the 
members of the Board for Director, a position to which he- 
has since been re-elected and which he still holds. 



John T. Hilton was born in Oldham. Lancashire, 
England, though he is a thorough American in all his in- 
stincts. He came here when a mere child, in i.S^r. when 
Paterson had started out as a bab\ city, and he has been 
identified with the city, with a brief interval ever since. 
At the age of ten he left school to go to wink for the late 
John Kyle in the old Gun mill, afterwards working in the 
Murray mill. After two or three years at silk, he tried 
stripping tobacco for Allen & Reynolds, but not liking that 
branch of industry, he tried steel wire making for the old 
style oi' hoop skirts, with Robert Crossland in Mulberry 
street. lie drifted into the Paterson Intelligencer office in 
Van Houten street as a printer's "devil," but the proprie- 
tor, Joseph Warren, dying soon afterwards, the son. Will- 
iam Warren, and A. P>. Woodruff formed a partnership 
and removed the paper to the Woodruff building in Main 
street and named the new issue the Independent Demo- 
crat. But the young "devil" made it too warm for the 
other occupants of the office, and after a narrow escape 
from firing the building they concluded they could publish 
the paper without his assistanc :e. A winter at school fol- 
lowed the escapade, and in the spring following lie conclu- 
ded to try an apprenticeship as tinsmith, coppersmith and 
brass-smith with Nathaniel Lane of Van Houten street. 
But neither that nor storekeeping for Mr. Lane seemed to 
satisfy the taste of voting Hilton. Another winter at 
school, where he wished to stay but his parents were too 
poor to keep him. and then he tried a cotton mill, carrying 
filling and bobbins in the old Duck mill in Boudinot, now 
Van Houten street. In the spring of 1S60 he became a 
bound apprentice to Danforth & Cooke to learn the ma- 
chine business, where he remained until lie enlisted in 
September. 1862, in the company that was incorporated 
with the 2^th X. }. Volunteers. Alter the battle of Fred- 
ericksburg, Mr. Hilton was promoted to mounted order!} 
and was detached at Brigade Headquarters where he re- 
mained until just before the regiment came home in 1S63. 
( )n his return home he worked in New York and Jersey 
Cit\ at machine work, finishing his trade in the latter city 
in the Atlantic and Great Western Locomotive Works as 
a locomotive builder. For three winters while working 
in Jersey City, he attended the draw inn' am ' mathematical 
classes in Cooper Union, and laid the foundation for his 
present profession which he kept in view. He came back 
to Paterson in [866, where his parents resided, and where 
he bail retained a legal resilience, to make silk spooling 
frames for Thomas Wriglev. Work becoming slack there. 
he (bitted to Grant's Locomotive Works, but the pay not 
being equal to the work he considered he could do. he 
started to canvass for Greeley's ••American Conflict." and 



3'° 



TERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



attended public s< hool No. i :ill winter under the special 
instruction of principal Uosford. This ended his career 
with Paterson's industries. He had tried about all of them. 
In February, 1867, he engaged as an assistant with John 
II. Goetschius, civil engineer and surveyor, thus reaching 
the profession he had been drifting to. He was with Mr. 
Goetschius until the fall of [869, when he engaged with 
Col. Derrom to map the east side of Paterson. In [S70 
he engaged with the late A. A. Fonda, in whose service 
he continued until the summer of [S71, when he was of- 
fered .1 good position in Greenville, Hudson county, with 
II. E. Betts. In less than two months Col. Derrom in- 
duced Mr. Hilton to return to Paterson as surveyor of the 
Derrom Lumber, Land and Building Company. On Mr. 
Fonda's election as city surveyor in 1S72, he engaged Mr. 
Hilton as first assistant, and to take charge of the city sur- 
veyor's office, lie retained that position until 1S7S. when 
he was appointed engineei "I the now sewer districts, and 
on Mr. Fonda's death a fev\ months afterwards, he was 
appointed city surveyor. He held that office until the 
spring <>f 1 SS p when his unflinching opposition to "jobs" 
in his department, and e i 1 \ affairs, caused his defeat. The 
following extract from the Paterson I)ail\ Press of April 
30, [SS4, sums up the cause and effect in this case : 

"A great main people will regret to see Mr. Hilton no 
longer city surveyor. Mr. Hilton has been one of the fin- 
est city officers the city ever had. He is intelligent and 
understands his business in ever} particular. Under lus 
administration the most important improvements in the 
cit} were carried through successfully, and the fact that 
Mr. Milton had charge of a piece of work was a guaran- 
tee that it would be done in a thorough manner. He has 
displayed more backbone than any man who ever entered 
the City Hall, and it is just this supply of backbone that 
has lost him his position. He always insisted on contract- 
ors living up to the very letter of their contracts, and every- 
thing had to be done as Mr. I lilton thought the best inter- 
ests of the city demanded it should be done. On this ac- 
count he made a great many enemies, especialh among 
the contractors and the furnishers of supplies to contract- 
ors, for it was very seldom that an important piece of work 

was undertaken but Mr. I lilton Stopped the contractor oil 
account of some violation oi the provisions of the contract. 
Generall} he was supported by the Committee on Streets 

and Sewers, but oi late the committee has sided somewhat 
with the contractors, and in the construction of improve- 
ments materials have been used which Mr. Hilton did not 
approve of. The contractors made a combination against 
Mr. Hilton, and the result is that a most efficient public 
servant is ousted from an important office. Main persons 
d this action on the part of the Aldermen as a wi\ 

serious mistake, and some are very loud in their express- 
i' ms of indignation." 

At the time Mr. Hilton was appointed cit} surveyor, he 
1 partnership with Leslie S. Menger, and on his 

retirement from the city Surveyorship he continued the 



business of the firm at their present stand, town clock 
building. 

In [SSS the firm made a contract with the' borough of 
Rutherford, Bergen county, to make a new assessment 
map of that municipality, which necessitated the survey of 
the w hole place. They completed their contract in [890 in 
a thorough and satisfactory manner, besides doing all the 

i ugh's engineering work during that period, and have 

latch made a contract to make grade maps tor Union 

township. Bergen county. Mr. Hilton was one of the 
original 1'aterson Light Guard, and is the onl} officer of 

iK successor — the first Battallion -that was an officer of 
that organization, except Chaplain Shaw. He was elect- 
ed Second Lieutenant. Compan} P>. in tin- Light Guard; 
was re-elected to that position on the organization being 
mustered into the State service, and resigned in [883. He 
was appointed Adjutant of the First Battalion 1»\ Major 

Congdon, on Dec. ^. iSS^, by the unanimous desire of all 
lhecaptains.au honor which Mr. Hilton has always ap- 

pi eciated. 



Garret A. Hobart, was born at Long Branch. X. ] .. 

on fune 3, [S44. Aliei a c m.in school education he 

was sent to Rutgers College, where he graduated in 1863; 

shortl} afterwards he entered the law office of Socrates 
futile ill Paterson and was admitted to the practice of the 
law in rS66; three years later he was licensed counselor at 
law. He was appointed Cit} Counsel ol" Paterson in 
May, 1 N 7 i : alter holding the office for one year hi- was 
appointed counsel for the Board of Freeholders ; in 1872 

he was elected a member of the Assembly and declined a 
re-election to the office ot Counsel to the count\ board. In 
r S73 he was again elected to the assembl} and was chosen 

Speaker. In 1 S 7 ^ he declined a re-election to the assem- 
bly and in the following year was elected senator from 
Passaic county, in [S79 he was re-elected to the senate, 
this time b} 1S99 majority, the largest majority ever given 
a candidate in Passaic connt\ up to that time. He was 
President ol' the Senate in 1 SS 1 and iSNj. In j,s-_j he was 
appi inted receiver ot the New Terse} Midland railroad 
company and managed the affairs ol' the bankrupt concern 
so successfllll} that lie paid a dividend to tin- unsecured 
creditors. When the company was reorganized In- was 
unanimousl} elected president hut resigned in a tew 
mouths on account ot more pressing engagements. He- 
was also receiver ol the Montclair railroad and the Jersey 
Cit\ and Albany railroad. In tSSo he was appointed 
iver of the bankrupt first National Hank of Newark. 
and b} the excellent judgment and energ} l>\ means of 
which he lias attained to the distinguished position he- 
holds in the nation in six months had its affairs substan- 
tially closeel up and the- depositors paid in lull. In [SSo 
he was elected chairman of the Republican State- Com- 
mittee- and has continued in that position ever since. In 

1 ss 1 he- was chos L -n member of the Republican National 
Committee and he has continued in that position ever 



PA TERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



3" 



since. He is counsel for a large number of manufacturing 
and other corporations. 



* 
* * 



John Hopper. President Judge of the Orphans' Court 
and the Courts of General Quarter Sessions, the Special 
Quarter Sessions and the Common Pleas of Passaic coun- 
ty, is a descendant of a family who were among the oldest 
settlers in New Jersey. lie was horn on March 2. 1814, 
on the homestead farm of his father in the township of Lo- 
di, in Bergen county, his parents being John J. and Maria 
(Terhune) Hopper. His father, who died in 1833, was a 
successful and enterprising farmer during his lifetime. 
His farm, comprising about three hundred acres, extended 
from PolliHv to Saddle River, and was occupied by his 
second son. Jacob, until his death in iNSi,. The subject 
of this sketch was the sixth of nine children, lie was 
brought up on the homestead farm and received his early 
education at the old Washington Academy. Hackensack, 
and at the Lafayette Academy, of the same place. He 
was prepared for college under the Rev. John Croes, who 
conducted a classical school in Paterson, and by Thomas 
McGahagan, at the old academy at Bergen Town, now 
Hudson City. He entered the sophomore class of Rutgers 
College, New Brunswick, X. J., in [830, and three years 
later was graduated from that institution, dividing the sec- 
ond honor of his class with Robert II. Pruyn, of Albany, 
subsequently minister to Japan. Since 1851 he has been 
one of the Trustees of Rutgers. Alter his graduation he 
entered upon the studs of the law in the office of Govern- 
or Peter D. Vroom, in Somerville, N. J., and remained 
there two years. He completed the study of the law in 
the office of Elias D. 15. Ogden, in Paterson. and on Sep- 
tember 3, 1836, he was licensed by the Supreme Court at 
Trenton as an attorney at law and solicitor in Chancery. 
On February J7. 1S40. he was licensed a counsellor at law. 
He had already, November 10, 1836, formed a partner- 
ship with his preceptor at Paterson and the firm of Ogden 
& Hopper did a successful business until the senior mem- 
ber of the firm was elevated to the bench of the Supreme 
Court. Mr. Hopper continued the business of the firm, 
and in 1S69 took his son Robert I. into partnership with 
him. He has been called repeatedly to fill public posi- 
tions and has discharged the duties of office with uniform 
fidelity and success. lie was town counsel of Paterson 
from 1843 to 10)47: surrogate of Passaic county for two 
successive terms, 1S45— 55 ; counsel to the Hoard of Chosen 
Freeholders from iNsS to [864, and prosecutor of the pleas 
of Passaic County from [863 to 1868, and again from 1N71 
to 1S74. He served as State Senator from Passaic County 
from e86S to 1871, and again from 1874 to 1 S 7- — . In 
March, 1877. Governor Bedle appointed him Judge of the 
District Court of Paterson and he continued in that office 
until January 8, [880, when he resigned that office and 
was appointed by Governor Abbett to the office he holds 
at present, which was then vacant. He was re-appointed 
by Governor Green, March 15, 1S87, and on April 1, 1NS7, 



for the full term of five years. He was appointed one of 
the advisory masters in Chancery in [879, by Chancellor 
Runyon, and has held a number of other positions inciden- 
tal to his profession. 

Judge Hopper was married on June 16. [S40, to Mary 
A . daughter of the late Robert Imlay. a former merchant 
of Philadelphia. Fifty years afterwards he celebrated bis 
golden wedding in the same house in which he had been 
married, and which had been his residence tor halt a cen- 
tury ; the occasion was one which brought together a large 
number of the most prominent men of the State Six of 
his children are living, viz.: John II., surviving partner 
of the silk manufacturing firm of Hopper & Scott; Rob- 
ert Imlay, a partner of his father; Mary A., widow of 
Frank W. Potter, late United States Consul to Marseilles; 
James Burling, residing in Paterson, Miss Caroline Im- 
lay. and Margaret Imlay, wife of John J. Boyd, now re- 
siding in Erie, Pa. 

As might have been expected from his Hutch ancestry. 
be was one of the earliest members of the Holland Socie- 
ty of New York, having been chosen in 1886, and since 
1889 has been one of the vice presidents of that society. 
Before he was entitled to a vote, and ever since, he has 
been an active member of the Democratic party, serving 
on the State Committee many years, and has repeatedly 
represented New Jersey in the National Conventions of his 
party. 

During the entire time that Judge Hopper was engaged 
in the practice of his profession he was recognized as a 
lawyer of ability, not only well read, but possessed of 
those mental faculties that conduce to the attainment of 
success. He was engaged in a large number of the most 
important cases tried in the state courts, and he brought to 
the discharge of his professional duties a certain urbanity 
of manner, combined with an incisiveness of thought and 
a clearness of exposition that almost uniformly led to de- 
cisions in favor of his clients. He has always been recog- 
nized as one of the foremost lawyers of the State. As a 
legislator he earned laurels which might well excite the 
envy of his fellows, and would undoubtedly have done so 
towards a person less popular than Senator Hopper. His 
elevation to the bench was hailed by all not only as a rec- 
ognition of the eminent services he had rendered his party 
but as a just tribute to the man who had done so much to- 
wards maintaining the dignity of his profession by an ever 
sraightforward course. As a judge of the county courts 
he has gained the respect of all and the gratitude especially 
of the younger members of the bar. whom he is ever ready 
hv means (it kind words and advice to direct into the prop- 
er paths so familiar to himself. 



Robert 1. Hopper, son of Judge John Hopper, was 
bom in Paterson in 1845, graduated at Rutgers college in 
1S66, was admitted to the bar as an attorney at law in [869 
and licensed as a counsellor at law in 1872. He has prac- 
tised law in Paterson since 1869 and has never held any 



312 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



public office except that of Counsel to the Board of Free- 
holders of Passaic Count} to which dike- he was appoint- 
ed in 1885, and which office he still holds. 



M \ki\i s Houman, ;i prominent architect oi Paterson, 
was born in Goedereede, Holland, on December -•-•. [S4S, 
and arrived in this country on October 7, ' s 5 |- At nine 
years of age he went to work in Hie Lodi print works and 
for eighteen years he worked as a carpenter in various 
parts ol the country. In [S76 he went to South Amei'ica, 
where he was employed for some time hv Colonel Andrew 
Derrom and subsequentlj by the Ledgerwood Manufac- 
turing Companj of New York; he then started into busi- 
ness for himself and was very successful. He returned to 
Paterson in 1S80, and having acquired a thorough knowl- 
edge of the trades of carpenter, millwright and steam lit- 
ter by practical application, he studied drawing in the 
evening schools of Paterson under Professor ]. G. A. My- 
er. lie then opened an office for himself as an architect 
and has been eminently successful. Anion;,; the mure promi- 
nent buildings he has designed and the erection of which 
he superintended are the following: The residences of 
Messrs. J. A. Van Winkle. E. I'ilield. I'. T. May. Fred- 
erick Harding and Joseph Savary; the Market street M. 
E. church parsonage, the O'Shea building on the corner 
of Market and Straight streets, the factor} of die Paterson 
Ribbon Company, the hard rubber factory at Butler, X.J. 
His practical knowledge of every detail necessary in the 
erection of a building, has assisted him materialh in his 
profession, and his business has increased to such an ex- 
tent that he is compelled to employ several assistants al- 
though he personally looks alter every part of all work 
entrusted to him. 



Thomas 1). Hoxsey, who died in the spring of iSSi, 
was for nearly half a century one of Paterson's most pic- 
turesque landmarks. At the time of his death there were 
few citizens who did not know, and none who had not 
heard of his striking personality. Tall and erect, strong 
niorall) and physically, energetic and quick, there are lew 
lives about which more ol local reminiscence clings or 
which were longer and more closely identified with the 
prosperity of the city. 

llie "General," a- he was afterwards familiarly called 
from an office he held in the old Slate Militia, was the son 

of a Massachusetts farmer and first came to Paterson in die 
year [833. lie obtained employment as clerk in a dry 
Is --tore anil, being simple and economical in his habits, 
he saved enough from his salary in a lew years to start a 
business of his own. in this In- made a comfortable 
tune and about 1 847 he left the dry goods business and 
engaged in cotton manufacturing. In this, however, he 
was not successful and in [S59 he failed. Meanwhile 
be had been preparing himself for the proles-ion in which 
he was afterward to make a name and he devoted himself 



exclusively to the practice of the law. politics and real 

estate speculation. His old friends --till tell main stories 

of his pertinacity and pugnacity in legal contests. He had 
a penchant for taking up cases which others bail aban- 
doned and was never more in his element than when fight- 
ing some monopolistic corporation. 

From the beginning ol his career General Hoxsey 
always took a warm interest in politics and his outspoken 
expressions ol his opinions on all occasions made him mam' 
friends as well as some enemies. First a Whig, he be- 
came disgusted with that party's attitude on the slavciv 
question and in iSj.S allied himself with the free Soilers 
and was a prominent member of the Buffalo convention. 
That was the commencement of the Republican party and 
the General predicted at the time that a party had been bom 
which would rule the country tor years. Jn 1849 he was 
elected to the Assembly on a Temperance piatform with 
Democratic support and in 1850 he was re-elected. In 
[S52 he was elected to the State Senate by the Democrats, 
and. carrying the issue of the campaign to a successful con- 
clusion he became the father of the ten hour law in New 
Jersey. During the Fremont campaign he came out a- a 
Republican and was an active and influential member of 
that party up till 1876 when he joined the Greenbackers 
and became their candidate lor Governor of the Mate, 
receiving over 5,000 votes. In 1SS0 he ran again but the 
improvement in the times had affected the ( ii ecu back show- 
ing and he received a smaller vote 

lor a number of years in the 6o's he was Count} Clerk 
ol Passaic County and aftei that he was I". S. Register in 
Bankruptcy. 

Socially the General diffused about him the very essence 
of good fellowship, while his home was the center of a 
genial constant hospitality that knew no bounds. In all 
that he undertook he made and maintained a reputation for 
probity, intrepidity, manliness and magnaminit) not always 
parts ol' so positive and forceful a nature. Throughout In- 
life he was the friend of laboring men and of his fellow 
citizens, regarding them not a- mere factors in a political 
contest but as brothers with opinions fobs regarded and 
rights to be enforced ; and second onlv to hi- patriotic love 

<>i In- i nv was his pride in the town ol his residence 

and hi- interest in all its public improvements. 

Rugged and erratic, gentle and tender, fierce and aggres 
sive, genial and courteous; the vcrv contradictions ol his 
character combined to make '"<z man" in whose death the 
public sustainei 1 a loss. 



* 
# * 



TllOMAS FkANKLIN HoxSE'i was horn at Paterson. 

March 5th, 1S41. and is the eldest sou of the late Thomas 
1). Hoxsey. 

All I education he took up the studv of 

civil engineet ing, a profession which has stood him in good 
stead evei since. Mi-- health failing him as he was about 
to start in his chosen profession, he started in 1S60 for a 
trip across the plains to the then newly discovered mining; 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



3'3 



regions of Colorado and returned home in the fall of 1S61 
not much benefited by his trip. In iS6z he married and 
removed to a farm in Preakness where he lived till 1S66, 
when he began business as a contractor by building the 
upper reservoir of the Passaic Water Company and laying 
the pipes under the bed of the Passaic River. Here his 
stroiv,; characteristics which have made a success of his life 
showed themselves. His courage, perseverance and his 
fertility of resource soon showed themselves, and enabled 
him to carrv a woik which would have daunted a less 
courageous man. His next work of any large character 
was the building of the Midland Railway from Hawthorne 
to Hackensack in 1S70-71-72 Mr. Hoxsey like many 
others took large amounts ot the stock (.1 the railway in 
payment for the work done, and during the panic of 1S72 
and 1S73 saw the earning-- of his lifetime swept away ; the 
stock havii g become valueless, and carried with it all his 
other accumulation--. 

With indomitable courage he started again and was soon 
en the way to success. His first wife having died in 1874, 
he married again in 1S79. In 1S86 and 18S7 he became 
manager for what was known as the --Water Syndicate," 
ami here again his force of character combined with a keen 
judgment of human nature enabled him to buy up immense 
tracts of land in Northern New Jersey, from whence the 
water supply of Newark will soon be drawn. Air Hox- 
sey still continues to aid in the management of the work 
in building reservoirs and all other work of the East Jer- 
sey Water Company, as well as carrying on a large and 
successful contract business. 

Personally Mr. Hoxsey is a genial, whole-souled and 
pleasant man of kindly nature; he does many acts of un- 
ostentatious character in aiding the poor. In politics he is 
a staunch Republican, and one whose advice is often 
sought for by the leaders of his party. 



death of his lather it was decided to increase the capital of 
the bank, and with this end in view a number of the best 
known, reliable and successful fusiliers men of the city 
were elected to the direction ot the newly organized insti- 
tution, the name being changed by a special act of Con- 
gress to •■Second National Hank." Mr. Benjamin Buck- 
ley was the first President under the reorganization, and 
Mr. Jackson the first cashier. Mr. Buckley resigned in 
1S81, and Mr. Jackson was elected to succeed him, and 
through successive years has been re-elected to the posi- 
tion, which lie still holds. Mr. Jackson has in a great 
measure directed the policy ol this institution, which has 
been steadily and rapidly growing in public favor, the 
liberal, and at the same time conservative course, earning 
the confidence of the community. The recent improve- 
ments in its already commodious quarters by the addition 
of a handsome and well appointed directors" room, and a 
new and ornamental front, betokens the success which the 
bank has achieved under its efficient management. Mr. 
Jackson has on se\ tal occasions been selected by the courts 
to take charge ol estates, these delicate and responsible 
duties, involving great care and discriminating judgment, 
having in every instance been faithfully and successfully 
administered. He is president of the Gould Company of 
New York city, one ol the leading upholsters hardware 
houses of the country, and is prominently identified with 
manufacturing and other enterprises in this city. Many 
friends of Mr. Jackson have frequently importuned him to 
become a candidate for office, but he has invariably de- 
clined, preferring die modest retirement of private life. 
The wide and varied experience of Mr. Jackson in com- 
mercial affairs eminently tits him for the responsible posi- 
tion which he so ably tills, and the citizens of Paterson, 
especially the business public are to lie congratulated that 
their banking interests are directed by such able, conser- 
ve ative and reliable men. 



JAMES [ACKSON, the president ol the Second National 
Bank ot Paterson. was born here in 1S41, and is the only 
one of the four bank presidents of this city who can prop- 
erly lav claim to the distinction ot being "to the manor 
born." His early education was received here, and he 
attended the State Law School at Pough.-:cepsie, N. Y., 
for two years, but abandoned further study in that direc- 
tion, preferring a commercial career as suited to his tastes. 
and was for a [lumber of years with the New Jersey Loco- 
motive and Machine Co., of vv liich his father was the 
founder and for years the president He then went to the 
Idaho Iron Company, of Paterson, as treasurer, and two 
years later sold out his stock to the purchasers ot the con- 
cern, the Passaic Rolling Mill Company. In 1S64 when 
the Jackson family disposed of their interests in the New 
Jersey Locomotive & Machine Company to the Grants, his 
father purchased the stock of the old Passaic County Na- 
tional Bank, and Mr. Jackson, the subject of this sketch, 
joined his father in the management of that institution, and 
was successively bookkeeper, teller and cashier. After the 
30 



Toiin Francis Kerr.— Mr. Kerr, a son of Mr. Hugh 
Kerr, of Paterson, N. J., was born at Scranton, Pa., April 
30th, 1857, and is a lawyer l>v profession. lie has lived 
in Paterson since he was about two years old. While Mr. 
Kerr does a general law business he makes a specialty of 
patent law and has his offices in the Paterson National 
Bank on Market street. He was educated at Scion Hall 
College, N J . from which he graduated in June, iS;i>. 
On July 5th. 1876, he entered the law office of the late II. 
A. Williams (ex-Senator ot Passaic Count} ) as a law stu- 
dent. He was admitted to the bar ol New Jersey at the 
November term, 1879, as an attorney, ami three years later 
as a counselor. His services as a political speaker have 
always been sought for, and in every campaign since [S76 
he has advocated the cause of Democracy. In November, 
iSSq, he was elected a member ot the Legislature ol New 
Jersey from the Second District of fassaic County The 
district, composed of the. Second and Seventh Wards of 
the City of Paterson and the Township of Little Falls. 



3'4 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRA TED. 



was a close one, and againsl ;i strong and popular oppo- 
nent it was a hoi though friendly contest, and Mr. Kerr 
received a plurality of 65 votes over the Republican can- 
didate. During the session of the Legislature of [890 he 
served on some ol the most important committees, viz.: 
Judiciary, Bill Revision, Elections and the Joint Commit- 
tee on Ballot Reform. On the floor he earned for himself 
the reputation of a good debater. He had never before 
that held any political office. 



declined, preferring to follow his business as funeral direc- 
tor in which he engaged al the expirati I his term of 

office as sheriff. He has two sons, one a rising young 
lawyer and the other associated in business with himself. 
Thai Mr. McKee i~ one of the mosl popular men in the 
count) need not be told; the people declared that em- 
phatically when he ran lor office. IK- enjoys the esteem 
ol everybody and his position and reputation have been 
eai ned by his own effoi ts. 



C> iaki.es M • Kim.. Surrogate of Passaic County, was 
born in this city on Augusl 30, 1849 lie attended Public 

Scl 1 No. s. and subsequently the Adelphic Milium In 

Stitute at New Milford, Conn. lie then learned the trade 

of machinist, but in [S71 he became a clerk in the Surro- 
gate's office and served during the two terms of Surrogate 
Isaac Van Wagoner. In [883, when Mr. Henry McDan- 
olds was Surrogate, Mr. King was appointed Deputy Sur- 
rogate, being the first to hold that position in this county. 
In 1S85 he was the Republican nominee lor Surrogate anil 
was eleeted by a large majority, his popularity being so 
great that the Democrats made no nomination against 
him. 



* * 



James VV. McKee was born in Hoboken, X. ].. on 
October 24, 1840, and his parents removed to Patei on 
n he was but a little over two weeks old. I [ere he passed 
his childhood and received his education. At an early age 
he evinced a musical talent which when subsequently de- 
veloped gave him a widespread reputation as a tenor and 
resulted in his connection with a number of the foremost 
musical organizations which have traveled through this 
country. His first professional appearance was made in 
1"> klyn, N. Y.. where he scored an instantaneous suc- 
cess which resulted in his engagement with Hoolev & 
Hawkshurst's combination. Then he became a member 
ol Josh Hart's company, in which Harrigan and Halt Ih-t 
made their reputation. Subsequently he joined the Ber- 
ger Sisters and Sol Smith Russell organization and his 
sweet and powerful tenor won unstinted applause from 
audiences and the press all over the country, and it is also 
pleasing to note that his pecuniary reward was liberal. 
Among the most celebrated of his songs was "Over the 
Hills to the Poor House." w 1 it ten for him by Mi . George 
L. Catlin, at present United States consul to Zurich. 
Having grown tired of the stage Mr. McKee went into 
business in Paterson where his genialty and man) sic 
qualities made him deservedly popular. In iS.Sj he en- 
tered the poind arena and was elected a member of the 
Board of Chosen freeholders; in the following sear he 
was chosen Directoi In the fall of 1 SS j he was nomin- 
ated for sheriff on the Republican ticket and elected b) 
1 majority, the largest majority Passaic countv ever 
gave any candidate. H- his been frequently spoken of 
since in connection with other offices hut has persistently 



Leslie S. Mi \ci k. a civil engineer and surveyor, was 
horn in the city of New York on January 4, [848. He 

obtained his early education in the public schools of the 
metropolis, graduating with the highest honors from school 
No. 35 in West Thirteenth street .After a course in the 

I ree Academy, now the free College of New York, he 
evinced a liking tor engineering and entered the emplo) of 
John Roach & Son. of the Etna Iron Works, and remained 
there two years under the instruction ol the late Erastus 
W. Smith, the consulting engineer of the firm. For some 
time after this he was employed by the Qilintard Iron 
Works, but he soon found that indoor emplo) ment did not 
agree with him. Alter a severe illness he removed from 
Xew York to Newfoundland, Morris countv. X. J., and 
there became a member of the engineering corps of the New 
Jersey Midland railroad company. lie was subsequently 
transferred from that division of the road to Paterson, to 
which place he removed in |S(><). He continued in the em- 
ploy ol the railroad compani until the tall oi [S71 when he 
entered the office of the late A. A. Fonda City Surveyoi ol 
Paterson. He remained with Mr. Fonda until the hitter's 
death in 1S77 when he associated himself with Mr. John T. 
Hilton and formed the linn of Hilton & Menger. While 
in Mr. Fonda's employ he was entrusted with a good deal 
of difficult work ; his natural talents and the experience he 
had gained were made use of be the citv of Paterson which 
employed him tor nine years as engineer of the sewer dis- 
tricts He mapped out a large p ntion of the present sewer 
svstem of the citv. and his work has been of inestimable 
value to both the city and the pi operty owners. Among 
the more prominent works hi' had charge of as civil engin- 
eer and surveyor are the new leservoir of the Passaic 
Water Company, the spur ol the New York, Susquehanna 
& Western railroad company, proposed water basins for 
the East Jersey Water Company and the grounds of the 
Northern New |eiscv fair Association. 



William Xi i son is a lawyer of Paterson with a spec- 
ial fondness for difficult cases, especially those involving 
research into the histmv of the law and into the history of 
land titles in Passaic county Probably no lawyer in Xew 
Jersey has drafted as many oi the existing laws (1 | the 
State. I lis first important effort ol' that kind was the draft- 
ing of t lie city charter of Paterson, in 1S71 , which was en- 
tirety his work, and which was so broaolv and elaslically 



PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 3,5 



framed that it lias met the requirements of the city with most active members of the finance committee which has 

very little change for twenty years. Hundreds of other raised nearly $40,000 for a new hospital, and is a member 

statutes relating to State. County and municipal adminis- of the buildirg committee charged with the erection of 

tration, and to subjects of the widest variety, have been the contemplated structure, now under way. He is a 

drawn by him, and they have hrcn so perspicuously and trustee of the Pennington Methodist Episcopal Seminary 

skilfully framed that in few instances have the courts been located at Pennington, X. J. 

invoked to interpret them, and in those cases their consti- When these multifarious duties are out of the way, which 
tutionalitv has been invariably sustained. This class of is accomplished by unremitting application, untiring in- 
work has been very useful to him in his practice, making dustry, and systematic arrangement of Itis business, Mr. 
him constantly familiar with the changes in the laws. He Nelson seeks relaxation in literary work, to which end. as 
is counsel for a number of corporations and estates. well as for the gratification of his tastes in that direction. 

Mr. Nelson has always taken a great interest in politics, he has fitted up at his attractive residence. No, 28S Broad- 
and in August, 1865. when but eighteen years of age, he way (which is pictured on another page), a handsome li- 
made, alone, a tour of Passaic county, for the purpose of brary, where are massed together nearl\ ^,000 volumes in 
organizing Republican clubs. For many years thereafter all departments of literature, of all times and in manv lan- 
he took a very active part in the campaigns of his party, guages, besides which he has 4,000 or 5,000 more in other 
being secretary of the county committee for manv years, parts of his house, making altogether one of the largest 
subsequently a member of the committee, and in other and most valuable private libraries in New Jersey, espec- 
ways influential in the party management. In April, ially rich in works on American, particularly New Jersey, 
1S68, when but a tew weeks more than twenty-one years history, on Mormonism, occult science, and out-of-the-way 
of age. he was elected a member of the Board of Educa- literature, some interesting specimens of incunabula, print- 
tion from the Second ward, and re-elected in 1S69 for two ed as carh as 1471, and a very large collection of manu- 
years. During his three years of service in that bodv no scripts and unique documents and autographs of persons 
member was more active and indefatigable than he in de- distinguished in liteiature and history, the accumulation of 
veloping and improving our public school system, for years, and the gatherings of his travels in America, Cana- 
which work he was specially fitted, not only by education da and Europe. Mr Nelson is Corresponding Secretary 
but by experiance as a teacher, having taught iu country of the New Jersey Historical Society, and is one of the 
schools at South Orange and Connecticut Farms in 1S64 editors of the New Jersey Archives, published under the 
and 1865, and in a large German-English school in New- direction of that Society. He is a member of the New 
ark in 1S64, when but seventeen years old. In [876 he York Geneological and Biographical Society, of the Amer- 
w as one of the official reporters of the Republican Nation- ican Archaeological and Numismatic Society, of the Medi- 
al Convention at Cincinnati, and was Recording Secretary co-Legal Society <>t New York, of the Congres Interna- 
of the Republican National Convention at Chicago tionale des Americanistes. and of other literary and scien- 
in 1888. and was the first officer of that conven- tific societies. He has managed to find time to publish a 
tion to announce to General Harrison the next day, number of legal, historical and Hographical monographs, 
at Indianapolis, his nomination for the Presidency. some of which have attained a wide reputation. He has 
Of late years his increasing practice has constrained the largest collection of material extant for a history of 
him to take a less active part than formerly in politics, but Paterson, which it is expected that lie will some da) pub- 
his influence and counsel are still in request in city, court- lish. 
tv. district and state. * 

In addition to attending to his large and growing prac- 
tice, Mr Nelson finds time to fulfil the exacting duties of Fi.oriax Oborski was born in Warsaw, Poland, on 

Clerk of the Board of Chosen Freeholders of the County of April 20, 1840. He graduated from the college of his 

Passaic, an office he has filled since 1S7 1 . 1>\ annual election, native place, where he also received his first musical edu- 

and except two or three times, by the unanimous vote of the cation. Early in life he evinced a taste lor muse and took 

Board, so usetul has he made himself to the members, who pait first as alto and subsequently as baritone in a 1111111- 

alvvavs find him prompt, attentive and obliging. His her of oratorios and cantatas rendered in his native eitv. 

knowledge of county affairs, b\ reason of his long connec- Having devoted a great deal of time to the Study of the 

tion with the Board and his constant study of legislation piano and organ, he was made the organist of a large 

affecting counties, is of great service to the Freeholders. musical organization and was subsequently appointed ac- 

Ile is also a Director of the Paterson Mutual Building companist in the Warsaw Musical Society. \V hile acting 
ami Loan Association, with which he has been connected iu this capacit) his polonaise for grand orchestra was s L 4- 
since its organization in 1878. He is a Trustee and an ected as a part of the programme of a concert given under 
Elder of the First Presbyterian church, and is an active the direction of the celebrated Moniuszko. Having corn- 
member of the Hoard ot Trade. He has served for sever- plcted his musical education he came to this country in 
al years as a member of the Advisory Board of Managers 1872, and alter giving a few concerts in New York and 
of the Paterson General Hospital, ami has been one of the Brooklyn accepted the directorship of St. Cecilia's Societ\ . 



3 16 PA TERSON, I I.I.I 'SIR. 1 TED. 



In May, 1S74 , he was appointed organist of the First Pres- Arthur Brkam Pj \i:< i was born in the year 1S45, at 

byterian church of Paterson, succeeding Mr. Percy Goet- Stockwell, a suburb of I. mi, Ion. and came to this country 

selling. Mr. Oborski's advenl to Peterson was ut\ for- at an early age. He engaged in business in New York 

tunate lor the interests of music in this city. Winn In- City for :i short time prim- to settling in Paterson lie 

arrived here little had Keen done in the field of music ; lew was first employed in the drawing office of the New fersey 

concerts or musical entertainments worthy of note had been Locomotive and Machine Company, afterwards the ( Jrant 

given, ami it so. ,n became apparent that Paterson needed Locomotive Works, and, attracting the attention oi Mr. I >. 

some such person as Mr. Oborski. Ilis ability and 1>. Grant, who then managed the works, was offered and 

talents were recognized at once and he became the center accepted a position in h s office, where he remained until 

oi everything that was new or classic in music The im- the failure oi the works in 1874. lie was then employed 

petus thus given to music resulted in the formation ol a by Receiver Pierson, and at the re-organization Mr. Grant 

number oi musical organizations, with all of which Mr. made him Assistant Superintendent, which position he 

Oborski was more Ol less inti tcl\ connected. Paterson held until he resigned ill May, 1876. lie then associated 

had obtained importance in the manufacturing and com- himsell with Mi. lames [ohnston who had severed his con- 
mercial world and it now came to the front . : s a music lov- nection with the Paterson lion Company, and bought the 
ing community. The influence "f Mr. < fborski can hardly old 1 nion Bolt Works. 1 le assisted in changing the entire 
be overestimated, lie cultivated the public taste and by character of these works from a manufactory of bolts, etc., 
giving renditions oi well known musical compositions to a foundry, machine shop and bridge works, where for 
instilled that love of classic music which has made Paterson main years were turned out some of the largest castings 
audiences ever partial to everything superior in the line oi and forgings in the State. Somen!' the principal con- 
music, lie was the conductor of the German Quartette tracts which were successfully carried out by these works 
Club and the Swiss society, the "Gruetli Maennerchor," were furnishing the iron work lor the stairways, etc.. 
and with these two associations twice took sec nd prizes tortile Stevens' building in Wall street. New York, and 
in the inter slate competitions ok the singing societies held the large apartment house on the corner of East 18th street 
annually in New York. In 1S74 he accepted the position and |th avenue, New York, erected by Edward Matthews. 
ol' director of the Paterson Musical Union, recognized for The greenhouse and conservatory and iron building about 
many years as the leading musical society in Paterson. 600 feet long and 45 feet high for Mr. Jay Gould at Irving- 
( u ler his direction the oratorio "Christus" with orchestra ton, X. Y . was built at these works and erected by them ; 
and chorus, was rendered for the first time in Paterson. also the iron work for the pier of the Iron Steamboat Com- 
The society nave a long series of public concerts anil re- pain'. Main of the road bridges in Passaic County, and 
hcarsals. many of them tor charitable objects, the pro- some for Central America were built at the Union Bolt 
grammes including Mendelssohn's opera "Loreley," Works. Complications arising out of the failure of Grant 
Gounod's St. Cecilia Mass and other performances, which & Ward, and the change in the officers ol the New York, 
attracted not only the general public of Paterson but many Lake Erie and Western Railroad in 1S84, with which 
music-loving persons from other cities. The Paterson company he had large transactions, compelled Mr. Pearce, 
Musical I nion furnished the chorus and some of the solo who was then president of the works, to apply for a re- 
paits for the Minnie Hauk opera company when that or- ceiver. He was then employed as manager oi the Coates- 
ganization rendered a scene from Wagner's "Lohengrin" ville lion Works. Coatesville, Pa He soon afterwards 
111 Paterson; the work of the society received the highest formed a partnership with Thomas Rawson for the manu- 

npliments from the distinguished prima donna. Mr. lacture and repairing of screen plates used in paper and 

Oborski resigned as director of the Paterson Musical pulp mills. In this business he has been very successful, 

I nion in 1SS5. for some years he was conductor of the with the assistance of his partner building up one of the 

Paterson Choral Society, the Boys' Musical Club and the largest concerns in this line in the country. 

Paterson Glee Club. In [887 he accepted the position of In politics he is an active Republican ; he was employed 

director of the Paterson Philharmonic Society, an organi- by the Board of Aldermen as clerk to the committee ap- 

zation composed ol prominent young men : under his abb- pointed to codify the ordinances of the city, a work which 

leadership hi rough) this society to a standard of had not previously been undertaken. He was offered and 

perfection equalled by no previous organization of its kind refused a nomination for the assembly. He was a candi- 

in Paterson. Mr. ( Jborski has had charge of the music ren- date lor Commissioner of Public Instruction in the Seventh 

1 at every public demonstration of importance since Ward in 1S76, and although the usual majority against the 

his advenl in Paterson. at n, >■ 1 entennial conceit iii is;/.. Republican ticket is about 350 he was beaten by only 21. 

centennial celebration of the Grand Lodge of Masons oi Removing to the Lth Ward he was elected a member ol' the 

New Jersey, and the public obsequies ol Presidents Gar- Board of Education in 1SS3, and was made President of 

fie,d • iml Grant. the j. ,,.,,,) ,, r Education in the following year. Hewas re- 



• 



elected in [SS9 and is now serving his second term. He- 
was appointed chak to the Commissioners lor t.ie adjust- 
ment of arrearages of taxes in rSSS, which position he 



PATERS ON, ILLUSTRATED. 



3'7 



now holds. He was appointed by President Harrison Su- 
pervisor of the Census for the First District of New Jer- 
sey, comprising the counties of Passaic, Bergen, Morris, 
Sussex. Warren and Essex, with a population estimated 
aproximately at 523.^00, and at its completion was con- 
gratulated by the Superintendent of Census as being one 
among the first supervisors to complete his work. 

# 

Chari.es R. Pelgram was born near Cologne in Ger- 
main, and received a good education in the schools of his 
native land. His father was a physician After having 
spent a number of years in travel on the continent, Mr. 
Pelgram came to this country, arriving here shortly after 
the war of the secession. He was employed in a silk mill 
and having thoroughly mastered the business was made 
Superintendent for William Strange & Co Mr. Pelgram 
was a man of great force of character ami energy and he 
soon recognized the fact that he could accumulate a fortune 
and make a mark for himself. He accordingly founded 
the firm of Pelgram & Meyer, which in an incredibly 
short space of time became one of the foremost silk manu- 
facturing firms in the country. The masterly management 
of Mr. Pelgram. who had the entire charge of the mills, 
was soon recognized by his competitors but he was ever 
far in the lead He devoted himself assiduously to his 
business and saw as the result of his efforts the erection and 
equipment of one mill after another, until the firm was 
among the largest manufacturers in the country, lie erect- 
ed for himself a magnificent residence at Riverside, but 
unfortunately was not permitted to indulge long in the en- 
joyment of it. His death occurred on November 15. [SS7 
In business Mr. Pelgram was the soul of honest}' and en- 
ergy and iie was ever ready to recognize merit wherever 
he found it. Socially he was pleasant and genial in dispo- 
sition, ami his death caused pangs of regret in man) hearts. 
Mr. Pelgram was only forty-three years of age at the time 
of his death, and it was certainly to lie regretted that a 
career so promising and so fraught with benefits t" a great 
many, should have been cut short in the prime of its exis- 
tence. 



Tumi \s William Randall, counsellor-at-Iaw, was 
bom in Bucldnghamshire, England, about twenty miles 
from London, and within two miles of the historic Wind- 
sor castle, on June 24th, 1S53, and is a descendant of some 
of the most substantial and oldest families in that localitv. 
both on the paternal ami maternal side, lie arrived in the 
United States with his parents in June. 1S66, and resided 
with them in Bergen County, and later at Hawthorne, in 
this county, until he entered upon the study of his profes- 
sion Mr. Randall first studied in the office of Judge 
Hopper, in Paterson, and afterwards with Messrs. Pen- 
nington & DeWitt, of Newark, and also attended the Co- 
lumbia Law School, in New York. He was admitted to 
.the New Jersey bar at the June term of the Supreme 



Court, in 1S77, ana \ after spending some time abroad, re- 
turned to this city anil settled down to the practice of law, 
in which he has been actively engaged ever since. Mr. 
Randall is a Republican in politics, but takes no active part 
therein, and has never held any political office. He has 
been a member of the Board of Trustees of the Second 
Presbyterian church for a number of years past, and a di- 
rector of the Paterson Mutual Building and Loan Associ- 
ation since its organization in 1S78. He is also one of the 
managers of the Passaic County liar Association, and a 
member of the Board of Trade. In his profession he con- 
tines himself to office practice, owing to an exceedingly 
delicate constitution which renders him unable to endure 
great excitement or nervous strain. lie is counsel for ma- 
in' families, estates and corporations, and is well established 
as a trusted and careful legal adviser. He is an extensive 
and versatile reader, and his tastes and habits ate quiet, 
literary and refined In 1S79, he married Miss Jennie S. 
Perry, a well-known and highly esteemed teacher in the 
public schools of this citv, and at one time principal of 
School No. 2. 



John Reynolds, President of the Paterson Savings In- 
stitution, was born in the north of Ireland on March nth, 
1826. He came to this country when an infant one year 
old. The family resided in Rockland county, N. Y.. and 
Bergen county, N. J., and came to Paterson about 1833. 
After a common school education, at an early age he went 
with Stephen Allen to learn the trade of tobacco, snuff and 
segar manufacturer, which he followed until 1852, when he 
e tereil into partnership with Stephen and John Allen, un- 
der the firm name of Allen. Reynolds & Co. He was af- 
terwards associated with these gentlemen in the firm of 
Alpheus S Allen, and continued in this firm in business 
until 1S72. when the business was sold to Allen & Dun- 
ning, In 1859 and iS6oMr Reynolds served as a member 
of the Board of Education, and iS6^ he was elected from 
the Fourth Ward as a member of the Board of Aldermen. 
While a member of this body, Mr. Reynolds served with 
d stinction and credit to himself and the city as a member 
of mam' important committees, and, together with the late 
Haimagh Van Winkle, acted as a committee to negotiate 
for the purchase of the present poorhouse farm, in which 
the city received a fine piece of property at a very reason- 
able price. In i$'i_| Mr. Reynolds was elected a member 
of the first board of directors of the First National Bank. 
and is one of the three original members who are still act- 
ing as such He is at present vice-president ol that insti- 
tution, having been elected in January in 1S83. lie was 
one of the incorporators of the Paterson Savings Institu- 
tion, and was appointed surveyor and appraiser of said in- 
stitution in 1S72. and on Janu try 14th. 1S73, he was elec- 
ted vice-president in connect on with his other office. He 
was elected president January II th, 1876, a position which 
he has ever since occupied. In [S72 he was elected presi- 
dent of the Paterson Gaslight Company, a position which 






PATERSON, ILLUSTRATED. 



he still holds, and up to 1SS9 lie was for many years the 
president of the Acquackanonk Water Company. Mr. 
Reynolds owes his present position in life to his own en- 
deavors, his uniformly courteous manners, and his deter- 
mination :ii .ill times to be upright and liberal. Principally 
through his endeavors the Paterson Savings Institution 
attained the high rank il holds among the banking institu- 
te, and the man} dep >si t< irs ol the institute m 
testify ley repose in his ability. Mr. 

Reynolds has on a number o occasions been selected to 
manage large estates and trusl funds and he has always 
acquitted himself to the satisfaction of all interested. N*o 

ranks higher in the estimate m of the publi 

his fiiends in larger 11 um iers than Mr. fohn Reynolds. 



* * 

* 



Francis Si mi i was born in Paterson on August 2S, 
1 S q 7 . and was educated in the private schools of Paterson 
and at Yale College. He was admitted to the bar al the 
November term, 1 87^1 <>f the Supreme Court, and became 
a counselloi al law in [8S1. He was Cit} Counsel of Pat- 
n during 1SS5 and [886, and was made Judge of the 
Paterson I )isti icl Court in [8SS fur a' term of five years. 



Mr. C. C. Simiii'i was born in Strasburg, France, 
September 29th, 1841. lit- came to this country with his 
parents when but a youth, and settled in Marietta, Wash- 
ington County, Ohio, in an Indian hut. At the beginning 
of the war cit' the rebellion Mr. Shelby enlisted in an 
Ohio regiment, but was not taken on account of ill health. 
He was then engaged as porter in a hotel at Marietta, in 
the patriotic citizens of Marietta raised an American 
and rebel flag on Front street, and Mr. Shelby, who was 
mi his way tn the depot, saw that the bystanders were 
greatl) excited over the two flags. Some wished to see 
the American flag remain afloat, and others the rebel flag; 
Imt Shelby who had a great deal of respect for his country 
tided the flag si ail' ami pulled down the rebel flag; this 
onsiderable indignation among the turn. 
and I the city. Altera lively run he 

escaped to larf where hi- was put aboard a steamer 

In his cousin, Mr. 11. Best, and sent to Pittsburg, l'a. 
After reaching Pittsburg, Mr. Shelby concluded tog 
New York Cit} : but having only enough mone} to carry 
him to Harrisburg, was compelled to work his way as best 
lie could the remainder ol the journey. After extreme 
difficulties he reached New York and iuimediateh app 
lor a position in the Erie depot (the Erie at that tim< 
cupying a portion of the Pennsylvania Railroad), and was 
employed in the railroad yard washing cars, c1 

day. lie worked diligently lor one year, 
then enlisted in the 2 t st New Jersey regiment, hut was re- 
fused again. Mr. Shelby did not like the idea of b 
refused as a soldier, s,, repaired to Hackensack, \. |.. 
and enlisted in the Jjd New h uncut and was ac- 



cepted. After serving his time as a soldier, he returned 
to New York, and again took up his vocation washing 

. he was soon promoted to oiling car wheels, then to 

brakeman, then to baggage master, and finally to conduct- 
or on the Newark branch, lie was the first conductor on 
that branch. He was nsferred to the Hackensack 

branch of the Erie, where he remained lor a ven short 

time. 

As an inventor Mr. Shelby has lmt a few equals, as he 
has invented man} valuable contrivances and obtained pat- 
ents on them. His first invention was a folding harrow, 
his second a railroad switch, the next a hat fastener, a 
hose supporter, and to-day Mr. Shelb} is the inventor of 
one hundred and three dill'ei ent patents which have all been 
duly filed in the patent office at Washington, I). C. Af- 
ter several years hard labor, Mr. Shelb} desired to go into 
business lor himself, lmt his capital was limited, and he 
was forced to borrow the money to start with. He finally 
obtained enough money, and starteda place in 6th avenue, 
New York, in a hallway. He was so encouraged over his 
first day's proceeds, which amounted to twent} dollars. 
that his success seemed to he pictured before him. and he 
forged ahead, and to-day he has retired from business, 
having am issed a considerable sum of m mey from his va- 
rious inventions. Mr. Shelby is at present manager of the 
Silk City Garter Manufacturing Company, which is loca- 
ted in Van 1 h iuten street. 



Thomas C. Simonton, Jr., wis born in the Cit} of 
New York, hut before he was a year old his patents re- 
moved to Paterson, and he has resided here ever since. In 
iSjl he entered the office of Elon. G. A. Hobart as a law 

student, and in June ol' 1 \--. he was admitted to the bar of 

New Jerse} as an attorney; in June, t88o, after the expi- 
ration of the necessary three years ol' additional study, he- 
was admitted as a counsellor at law of the State. Mr. Si- 
monton is also an attorney and counsellor at law of the 
State ol' New York, and at limes practices law there. In 
1S87 he- was appointed City Counsel of Paterson for one 
year, and in. iSSS was n [i >r a 

id of five years. He is an active member of the Re- 
publican party. Mr. Simonton has a line- law practice, 
and that d witli his office as Cit} Counsel, m 

him an extremely busy man. I le is still a young man. be- 
ing 36 \ e-ars of age. 

Wimiwi M. Smith, at present Clerk of Passaic 
county, was born in Paterson, on June 1 \. [S54; he was 

a son of Mr. Samuel Smith, elsewhere- mentioned as one 
of the pioiie-eT ma nu tact u re is of the city. He- attended the 
public schools and was under the instruction of Rev. ( ie 
l>. Day and Rev. J. I.. Hurlbut; in 1S74 he- graduated 
from the College of New Jerse} at Princeton. He studied 
law in the office of Mr. William Pennington and was ad- 
mitted to the- bar in i s 77- lie was married in December, 



PA TERSON, IL L US TRA TED. 



3'9 



1S79, t<> .Mi'-'- Flora L., daughter of Mr. RobertS. Hughes, 
of Paterson. In 1881 he was nominated as candidate for 
County Clerk by the Republican county convention, and 
such was his popularity that the Democrats did not consid- 
er it worth while to make any nomination against him. In 
18S6 he was again nominated and this time elected by a 
plurality of 2.S^ votes, larger than anv ever given in Passaic 
County. 



S01 kates Tuttle was born in Colebrook, Coos county, 
New Hampshire, on the u,th day of November, 1819. 
His parents were in straitened circumstances and his boy- 
hood was that of millions whose names are never heard 
farther than a lew miles from the places of their birth ; he 
was surrounded 1>\ privations and poverty, and his educa- 
tion was received at the village school which he attended 
three months in the year until he had attained his twenty- 
first year. His father was a blacksmith, and \ oung Socrates 
.spent most of his time about the lire of the forge. He 
worked at the anvil and forge until he became an expert 
blacksmith, hut he never had a liking for the business. 
With a few dollars in his pocket, hut with a capital of 
pluck and energj worth more than thousands oi dollars, 
he left his home and came to New Jersey, where he first 

settled down in Blue Ball, Monmouth county. Here he 
took charge of a subscription pay-school, which he taught 
from I )ecember, 1841, to March, 1 ' ; | |. [n March, 1844, he 
removed to Paterson and became a law student in the office 
of James Speer. Here lie remained aboul a year until 
Speer was appointed one of the judges of the Court of 
Errors and Appeals, when Mr. Tuttle entered the office of 
Benjamin W. Vandervoort. Here he concluded his studies 
and in April. [S48, he was admitted to the bar and ap- 
pointed a solicitor in Chancery. He obtained his license 
as counsellor-at-law in 1851. 

Mr. Tuttle was thrice married. His first wife was fine. 
daughter of Baltus and Esther Winters, of this city, to 
whom he was married May 23, [S48; she died on June 
14, 1S49, leaving an only daughter, Jane, who subsequent- 
ly married Hon. (J. A. Hobart, of this city. In Novem- 
ber, 1852, Mr. Tuttle married Mai v. the oldest daughtei <<\ 
William Dickey, of this city; she died on August 25, 1 
The chih hen resulting from this union were : — Charles M. : 
William I).: Minnie, who died in infancy; Elizabeth 
Murray, who died at the age of three years; Lillian, who 
died at seven; and Augustus Hobart. Mr Tuttle subse- 
quently married Elizabeth A., widow of Dr. F.S.Weller, 
and she sun i\ c s him. 

. Mr. Tuttle was most prominent before the people as a 
lawyer, ami as such he was known to nearly every resident 
ot Passaic county, lie did more legal work for many 
years than any other lawyer in the city, and although he 
was always very buss 1 he newer neglected a case. His 
clients knew that they could depend on him under all cir- 
cumstances. His extensive knowledge of law enabled him 
to grasp the important points oi' a case at once, anil it was 



principally due to this attainment that he was enabled to 
attend to as much business as lie did. 1 lis natural wit also 
stood him in good stead, and frequently assisted him in win- 
ning a case b\ call in;_; the attention of jurors to points which 
without Hashes of humor would have remained in obscuri- 
ty. Ml'. Tuttle had a copious How of language, and as a 
pleader to a jur\ he could not be excelled in the county. 

He was earnest in every case he undertook ami made bis 
client's cause his own. On the street and everywhere he 
argued for his clients, and although this may not have been 
productive of anj visible good in some cases, in others it 
certainly assisted him for it created a feeling in favor of the 
side he represented. 

His career as an office holder was brief, but it was dis- 
tinguished by all the traits of character w hich rendered him 
so popular. In [85] and 1852 he was City Clerk of Pat- 
erson. and in 1S55 he represented the East Ward in the 

Board of Freeholders, and he was Counsel to this Board 
in the year iN^;. and from [865 to 1N-1 inclusive. In 
[S58 he was elected School Commissioner from the East 
Ward, and again I to till a vacancy) in [859. In i.N'h and 
1862 he represented the Second District of this county in 
the Legislature ; those were trying times, but Mr. Tuttle 
was always found on the side of loyalty to the Union and 
justice. In 1.N71 and 1 S j j he was Mayor of the City of 
Paterson, and as such he did all in his power to maintain 
the high standing of Paterson and improve its condition. 
As a politician Mr. 'buttle was first a Whig and subse- 
quently an anient Republican. He was one of those hon- 
est and earnest men who thought that the Republican par- 
ty was tin' best safeguard for an honest administration, and 
lie talked Republican politics whether there was a campaign 
or not. He had the historj of his party at his fingers' ends, 
and he could argue for hours and newer recede an inch 
from the position that the Republican party had always 
done what was the best for the country, and that although 
its measures were frequently abused at the time of in 
ti-m. tlie\ invariably proved the best for the nation. He 
was a man who was ever read\ to do more than his share 
towards the success of the Republican ticket, and he nev- 
er looked for reward or emolument for his labor-,, tor he 
thought hi' w .is doing nothing but his duty to his country. 

He declined seres of offers of office ; he was satisfied with 
the honors which had been heaped upon him, and although 
be was foremost in society and at the bar he preferred to 
be called plain " Mr. Tuttle." 

His character was almost without fault, and be was a 
man who had no enemies. In his case the plain truth is 
the highest elogium that can be pronounced, and this is in- 
deed a rarity. 1 le wa Christian and attended ser- 
vices regularly in the first Presbyterian church in this city, 
of which church he was a trustee lor many years. He 
presided at the first meeting held for the organiza- 
tion of the new Broadway Pr< sbyterian church, the ( Ihurch 
of the Redeemer, but he was not subsequently identified 
with this movement ; he preferred to remain in the old 
church, in which he had worshipped so mam years. Mr. 



320 



/ 'A 7 A'A.V W, 1L I, < r S /A. 1 TED. 



I uttle was ever read) to assist the need) to the extent of 
his power; his purse and his advice were ever at the dis- 
posal of the poor. He was one of the directors "l" the 
Old 1. adits' Home and took a lively interest in that insti- 
m, as he did in fact in all the charitable institutions in 
rson. In society Mr. Tuttle was the same as at the 
bar or elsew here, read) for a discussion and lull of humor 
and wit. Frequently when he had met with misfortune 
his friends expected to lin«l him downcast, but although 
the blast of adversity might at times bow down the head 
the natural elasticity of character always placed it erect 
n. llis imperturbable good nature won for him main 
friends, and Mr. Tuttle was always welcome, no mattei 
where he might go. He had the pride "I an honest man. 
the pride of having built up for himself a name that would 
be an honor i" his children; he frequently referred to the 
trials of his youth and laughed at the obstacles he had over- 
come. I lis death, which was dm- to angina pectoris, oc- 
curred "ii Februai \ i _. i SS5. 



ink Van Ci.e\ e was born in the city of New York 
on [anuary -' | . [853, and obtained his education in the 
public schools of the metropolis and the Free Academy, at 
present the Free College of the City of New York, gradu- 
ating with honor at the latter institution. In [S69 he re- 
moved with his parents to Corona, a village near Hacken- 
sack, in Bergen county, N. J. Here he was ticket agent 
for the New York and New Jersey railroad company and 
made himself useful on his father's farm. In June, (875, 
he removed to Paterson where he entered the law office of 
Mr. fohn C. Paulison; he was admitted to the practice of 
the law in 1S79 and ^' r- Paulison, dying shortly afterwards 
Mr. Van Cleve succeeded to his practice which he has 
since considerably increased. In April, tSS6, he was ap- 
pointed fudge of the District Court by Governor Green 
served until [anuary of the year following when a leg- 
islature differing from him in politics declined to re-ap- 
,1 him. There are a number of sterling qualifications 
which have made Mr. Van Cleve one of the must popular 
men in the city. He is possessed of a genial good humor 
which is unruffled under the most adverse circumstances 
and this combined with his ready wit not only enlivens his 
conversation but also assists I ly in the exercise of 

his profession. He is gifted wi acumen and a per- 

suasive style 1 ing which win him many cases and 

clients, and all who have ever had any dealings with him 
know that he can be depended upon under all circum- 
stan 



Ai 1 red A. Van Ik : . was born at Baltimore, 

Md., on April jo. 1S55. His parents who were originally 
from New York, returned to New York city in 1859 and 
resided there until the sprii 12, when they can 

Paterson and took up their residence hen-. Since that 
time the subject ol this sketch has continue'! to reside here. 



lie commenced reading law in this city with the late 
Henry S. Drury in 1N71 and was admitted to practice at 
the bar as an Attorney in 1N7S. and as a Counsellor in 
[881. lie was subsequently admitted to practice as an 
Attorney and Counsellor in the State ol' New York. In 
18S9 he was appointed a United States Commissioner, 
and he is the only person in Passaic county who has the 

honor to hold that appointment. lie is interested in the 

growth and prosperity of our city as he owns much valua- 
ble real property indifferent sections of the same. lie is 
a vestryman of the P. E. Church of the Holy Communion 
with which church he has Keen identified since about the 
time of its organization. He is a large stockholder and 
.hi officei of the Essex Button Company, and one of the 
incorporators and a direct ir ol the Coll Land Company. 
He lias never held any political office. 



John J. W vrren was horn in Paterson fifty-seven yi 

agi ' and has resided in this city all his life. After recei\ ing 
the hest education \\ Inch the schools of the city afforded he 
was employed in the works ol' the New Jersey Locomo- 
tive Company where he became an expert machinist and 
engineer. Alter having risen to the position ol' superinten- 
dent he quit the employ of the company tor the purpose of 
accepting a similar position in the works of Todd & Raf- 
Icrtv. He held this position in I 866 when the nature of the 
work brought on a severe illness from which he did not re- 
: until early in the year following. His physician ad- 
vised him that a return to work in the shops would certain- 
ly bring on a recurrence of the malady and his friends 
urged him to become a candidate tor the position of Re- 
corder or police justice of the city of Paterson. Before 
this time Mr. Warren had been elected to the Board of 
Education and had also served two years in the Board of 
Aldermen. He at first laughed at the idea of accepting an 
office whose emoluments were only a trifle compared to 
the salary he had commanded in the simps but through the 
influence of his friends the meagre salary attached to the 
office was increased and Mr. Warren was induced to accept 
the position. I !e was annually re-elected for a long time. 
holding the office lor fifteen years. On November zi, 
1S82, on the organization of the present Board of Health, 
Mr. Warren was elected secretary and he still holds that 
office, having keen re-elected every year without opp 
tion. In 1 ; hi was elected a member of the Board of 
Education from the Seventh Ward and he is at present a 
member of that Board having been re-elected at the expi- 
ration of every term. On the first of April, r88 1, he took 
his seat as a judge of the courts oi Passaic county, having 
been appointed to that honorable position by Governor 
Green. Judge Warren is in all respects a self-made man 
and the many offices he has Idled and still tills were tender- 
ed to him on acemmt of his sterling qualifications and not 
because he sough' them. 



PA PERSON, IL L US PR A TED. 



321 



Henry A. Williams was born in Pari'-. France, June 
6th, [S21, while his parents were temporarily residing 
there. His father. William Williams, of London, a gen- 
tleman of means, shortly afterwards returned to England 
and from thence sailed for America with his family. Hen- 
ry A. Williams studied law in Patersonwith the late Dan- 
iel S. Barkalow, and was admitted as an attorney in 1S-I9, 
and as a counsellor at law in iS^-- He was then a resi- 
dent of Paterson and continued so up to the time of his 
death. Mr. Williams was appointed Brigade Judge Ad- 
vocate of the Passaic Brigade of the Militia of New Jer- 
sey, bj Gov. Olden, July 19, 1S61. He however took no 
active part during the war in the field, for he was elected 
Mayor of the city of Paterson in 1862, [863, 1864 and 
(865, both parties uniting in doing him that honor in 1862 
and [863. lie was again elected in 1S67. It was during 
the exciting times of the war that he made his greatest 
reputation. In the darkest days of the rebellion, when 
Paterson was threatened with a draft, he took the leading 
part in filling up the city's quota of volunteers. lie ren- 
dered the city invaluable service by his prudent and care- 
ful advice, freely given : he contributed freely from his 
purse also, more than once nearly impoverishing himself 
and making himself personally liable for large sums of 
money. 

In 1868 he was appointed Prosecutor of the Pleas, and 
for three years he tilled that position with a conscientious- 
ness and energy that have never been surpassed. He re- 
signed to accept the office of State Senator to which posi- 
tion he had been elected by the Republican party by the 
largest majority ever given up to that time. In the Senate 
he was an earnest and influential worker and gave much 
time and labor to perfecting the laws in reference to the 
taxation of railroads in cities, as well as to other public leg- 
islation. In 1 S74 he was appointed City Counsel of Pat- 
erson and re-appointed in iNj>. 1S76, 1S77 and 187S. He 
was also counsel for many large corporations, including 
the first National Bank, the Paterson Savings Institution, 
the Paterson Gas Light Company, the Cedar Lawn Cem- 
etery Company, and main others. He was also a director 
in these corporate >ns. 

Few men were ever better lifted for the legal profession 
than Mr. Williams: as a close student he was thoroughly 
versed in all the intricacies of the law. and with this he 
combined a legal acumen and an earnestness and effective- 
ness of pleading which made him a formidable adversary. 
It can be truly said that no man ever possessed the confi- 
dence of his clients and the confidence and respect of the 
people who have so frequently honored him as did Mr. 
Williams. 

Mr. Williams died November 7th. iNSS. while attending 
service in the Church of the Redeemer of which he was 



an elder and president of the Hoard of Trustees. lie left 
surviving him his wife Mary '/... daughter <>\ the late cx- 
Judge Samuel A. Van Saun, and six children; William 
II. and Assemblyman Robert Williams, lawyers of this 
city ; Dr. Joseph W. Williams: and three daughters, An- 
nie. l.a\ ina S. and Matilda lb. w ife of Re\ . A. W. 1 land. 

* 

GEORGE WuRTS was born at Easton, Pa.. September 
13, [829. From very early life he devoted himself to lit- 
erature. His first journalistic work was done for the New- 
ark Advertiserin [861, just at the beginning of the civil 
war. After a short time spent on the reporters' statYofthe 
Advertiser he accepted an engagement as reporter on the 
New ark Mercury, and shortly afterwards became its editor. 
While engaged on this paper he corresponded for the New 
York limes and Evening Post. On the starting of the 
Brooklyn Union he became associate editor of that paper. 
retaining the position until February 1. 1S65, when he left 
it to assume the duties of editor of the Paterson Daily and 
Weekly Press. It is somewhat of a notable coincidence 
that the Brooklyn Union and the Paterson Press were both 
started on the same day and in almost precisely the same way 
— by an association of Union men. Mr. Wurts has re- 
mained editor of the Press from the date mentioned to the 
present time, and by means of his ability and energy, 
seconded by an enthusiasm for every cause that had for its 
object the welfare of the country, the paper has risen to oc- 
cupy a commanding position among the journals of the 
country. To him the editing of a paper is more than mak- 
ing money, the latter always being subservient to the duties 
which he recognizes his position imposes upon him. He 
is one of the most zealous of Republicans, ami his editorial 
work has been effective in every campaign, but he has 
never permitted partisanship to disturb his sound judg- 
ment, and his voice was alw a\ s among the first to w arn his 
party when the leaders swerved from the principles to 
winch Republicanism owes its success. His style is clear 
and incisive, but when occasion calls for it he is not found 
wanting in the use of metaphor and elegant rhetoric. In 
social life his pleasant manners diffuse about him an air of 
geniality which is alw ays attractive. His two sons, William 
L. K. and George Herbert, assist him in his editorial work. 
In former years he contributed considerably to the leading 
periodicals of the country, but of late he has confined him- 
self more closely to the work of editing the Press. He 
was president of the New Jersey Editorial Association in 
1S76, and during the legislative sessions of 1880, (SSl and 
[882 he was secretary of the New Jerse) .'senate. At the 
institution of the Free Public Library of Paterson he was ap- 
pointed one of the trustees, and has continued in that position 
ever since, his excellent literary taste and wide knowledge 
of books making: him a very useful member of that body. 



37 



Table of Contents. 



Cohere is ffco I' lace ipuperior to I' aterson either 



: anu]acturina or 



l\esiden 



ce. 



Page. 

Sketch i if Passaic < '■ >unty 3 

Passaic ( lounty Government 5 

Paterson City Government 6 

Paterson's Steady and Healthy Progress. .. 25 

Its Advance as Reflected by the Board of Trade 29 

A Substantial Free Public Library 65 

Real Estate with Uncloi ded Titles 71 

A Pure and Plentiful Water Supply 73 

Excellent Horse Railroad Facilities 81 

Splendid Free Public Schools 83 

A Fine Business < '■ illege - 8fi 

A Superb Military ( Irganization 88 

Interesting Landmarks 98 

Conservative Building and Loan Associations 103 

Unsurpassed Telephone Service 105 

Miscellaneous Advantages 120 

Excellent Banking' Institutions. 

The First National Bank C7 

The Paterson National Bank 68 

The Second National Bank 68 

The Paterson Savings Institution 69 

Abundance of Light. 

The Paterson Electric Light Company 106 

The Edison Electric Illuminating Company 107 

The United Gas Improvement Company 107 

Pleasant Places for Mills, Factories or Residences. 

The Society's Land Company 108 

The Colt Land Company 108 

The Cedar Cliff Land Company ins 

The Chestnut Hill Land Company ins 

Glenw 1, or Kyle's Park 109 

The Doremus Farm 109 

Quiet Resting- Places of the Dead. 

Cedar Lawn Cemetery 99 

Laurel Grove Cemetery li 1 1 

Energetic Real Estate Agents. 

Ackermau, Jacob V 110 

Crooks, James 110 



1 age. 

Ekings, Robert M no 

Farrar, Sidney ] 1 \ 

Landau, G. W. I in 

Morrisse, James A 112 

Sherwood, S. S i jo 

W( * Melt. P. D H3 

Enterprising- Business Men. 

Allen, F. W us 

Bell, James 1 1 8 

Elliot, George M 117 

Inglis, James, Jr 113 

Lane. N 1x9 

"■I Brothers . no 

Marshall & Ball 116 

McCully, Francis K 1 ] 4 

Meyer Brothers 117 

Nathan, Samuel 117 

Quackenbush, Peter ] 14 

Is, P. II US 

Towell, Joseph 11.3 

The John Norwood Company 115 

Wilson, James .... 119 

Flourishing- Industries. 

IRON. 

Ro ers Locomotive and Machine Works ... 185 

Passaic Rolling Mill Company ls7 

Paterson Iron Works 188 

Kearney & Foot Company 189 

Benjamin Eastwood's .Machine Works 190 

Royle Machine Works 191 

Robert Atherton's Machine Works 192 

Watson Machine Company 193 

Samuel Smith & Son's Boiler Works 194 

J. C. Todd's Machine Works 195 

Riverside Bridge and Iron Works . . . . 197 

SILK. 

Pioneer Silk Company 198 

Dexter, Lambert A Company 199 

Hopper&Scott 201 

William Strange Silk Companj 201 

Hamil& Booth 201 

Ramsay A Gore Manufacturing Company ■ C'J 






CONTENTS. 



Page. 

I'll. I'.m \l null aol ig Company 'ill'-' 

Dob rtj .S w idsworth 203 

m n Mill 204 

Grim 'im Brothers 205 

i Horandl A Son ' i 

Pati i in Ribbon O imp iny, . - 

Sal ;i i j Si mull silk Dyeing C panj 206 

Knipscber A Maasa 206 

Jacob Walder 207 

I. A. Hall A Co 207 

111-. Ill Wlniy 

Barb iur Flax Spinning < Sompany 207 

Dolphin Manufacturing Company 209 

Roswell Bobbin Manufactory 209 

Hardin j Bos Factory 210 

Patersou Drain Sewer and Well Pipe Woi ks 210 

I D. Blauvelt's Carrifi <e Works 211 

V\ I.. Biimber'a Marbli Works -J 11 

Hinchliffe Brewing A Malting Company 211 

Patei m Consolidated Brewing Company 212 

Prominent Citizens. 

\ili. .t m. Robert 192 

Ba ir, Thomas 208 

Beckwith, C. 1> Ib9 

. with, F. C 189 

Bell, E. T 305 

l.l nix.lt, I. D 211 

Bolton, D. C 305 

Br.>wn, J. J 305 

B I. kley, J. V .. .'. 306 

i i linus C. A 306 

Cheyne, John .. 307 

Crosby, II. B 307 

l>.i . is, i R 209 

Di nmii. A 307 

Doherty, Henry 204 

Eastwood, Benjamin ... L90 

Gon i E 2ii2 

Hall, LA •. 207 

Halste.id.G. G 309 



Harding, Frederick 
Hilton. .1. T... . 
Hinchcliffe, John . . 
Hobart, G. A 

Hopper, John 

Hopper, .1.11 

I [opper, R. I 



Horandt, .lacob 

I toxsey, T. 1) 

Hoxsey, T. F 

I touman, Marinus . . . 

Hughes, R. S 

Jackson, James 

Kerr, .1. F 

King, CM 

McKee, J. W 

Menger, 1„ s 

Ni [son, William 

Oborski, Florian 

Pearce, A. B 

Pelgram, ('. R 

Bamsay, John 

Randall, T. W 

Hi \ nolds, John 

Rogers, Thomas . . 
li'yli 1 . John ...... . . 

Scott, Francis 

Shelby, C. C 

Simontou, T. C 

Smith, Samuel 

Smith. W. M 

Todd, J. C 

Tuttle, Socrates 

Van ( lleve, Frank 

Van Hovenberg, A. A. 
Wadsworth, Joseph 

Walder, Jacob 

Warren, J. J 

Watson, James 

■\\ atson, W. G 

William-. II. A 

Wurts, George 



age. 
210 
309 
211 
310 
311 
201 
:sn 
205 
312 
312 
312 
187 

313 

31 1 
314 
314 
ill I 
315 
316 
317 
202 
ill 7 
317 
185 
199 
318 
318 
318 
194 
318 
mi; 
319 
320 
320 
204 

-111, 

320 

i'|| 
194 
321 
321 



Scenery. 



^iL'LasTRTi'rioNs ; - 



The Pass lie Falls 



" in Winter 
Bfectsat the Falls .... 

Above the Falls 

B the Falls 

\i"i\. Hi. Falls 
Tin Basin Below the 1 
I.-,. Effects at the Falls 
Views ui Paterson . 



Northwestern Extremity of Paterson. 
\ alley 



Cliff . . 
\ 



The Litl Passaic. 



•age. 
9 
in 
11 
12 
13 
13 
1 I 
15 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
19 
20 
21 

21 

22 
•-:: 
24 



Page. 

\ i.h on Carrol] tree! 226 

Views in Eastside Park 264 

•• 265 

View "ii Ellison street ... 286 

" Main street 

•• Market street 300 

" Broadwaj 302 

30 I 

A Bit of Scenery near High Bridge 304 

Public Buildings, Banks, Business Houses, &c. 

Masonic. Hall 35 

Free Public Library 36 

City Almshouse 37 

Churches, Presbyterian 38 

Catholic 39 

med 40 

Interiors 1 1 

Public Si bools, No. 6 42 

\ I. 10 43 



CONTENTS. 



325 



Page. 

Public Schools, — No. 11 L 4-1 

No. 9 45 

No. 5 46 

No. 2 47 

Chestnut Hill 48 

Banks, - First Natii >nal 49 

Si nd National 50 

Patersoii Natii inal 51 

Entrance to Cedar Lawn ( lemetery 52 

View iu Cedar Lawn Cemetery .... 52 

Entrance to Laurel Grove Cemetery 53 

View iu Laurel On >ve ( lemetery 53 

Marshall & Ball Building 54 

Bell Building 55 

Interior of Works of Paterson Electric Light Company 56 

" " Edis .11 " Illuminating Company. . 57 

Exterior '• Paterson " Light Company 58 

" " Edison " Illuminating Company. . 58 

Switchboard of the " " " " 59 

" " Paterson " Light *' .. 59 

Lockwood Brothers' Building 60 

The John Norwood Company's Building 61 

The Boston Store 62 

The Hobart-Stevenson Building 62 

Switchboard of the N. Y. & X. J. Telephone Company 63 

The Doremus Homestead . 63 

Glenwood, or Kyle's Park 64 

Industries. 

The Rogers Locomotive A* Machini Works in 1830 124 

" " " at present 124 

Some Old Engines 126 

Present Day Engines 127 

Front Vi.w of Passaic hulling Mill 128 

Rear " " " " 128 

Washington Bridge Built by Passaic Rolling Mill .. 129 

The I 'aterson Iron Company's Wi irks 130 

Hammer in The Paterson Iron Company's Works 131 

The Royle Machine Works 131 

The Watsi in Machine Wi irks 135 

Boiler Shi ip 1 if S. Smith & Son 138 

Chasm Bridge Built by Riverside Bridge & Iron Works . . 140 

Railroad avenue Mill of B. Eastwood Ill 

Straight street " " " 142 

The Kearney & Foot File Works 141 

Machine Shop of J. C. Todd 146 

•Jute Mill 146 

Silk Mill of Dexter, Lambert A Co . .. 150 

•' The William Strange Cn 151 

The Paterson Ribbon Co 152 

•• Doherty & Wadsworth 153 

*• " •■ Hamil& Booth 156 

•■ 157 

'• " Grkpshaw Brothers 158 

Exhibits of Phienix Mauufactui ing Company 159 

Silk Mill of Hopper & Scott 101 

Ramsaj A Gore ... 161 

The Barnert Mill 164 

Dye Works of Kuipseher & Maass 165 

" " Auger & Simon 166 

Grand street Mill of Barbour Flax Spinning Company 16S 

Spruce •' " " ' •■ " 109 

Granite ■' " " " " 170 

The Dolphin Mill 171 

Works of I. A. Hall & Co 174 

Koswell Bobbin Manufactory 174 

-Carriage Works of I. D. Blauvelt 178 



Page. 

Marble Works of W. L Bamber 178 

The Hinchliffe Brewery 179 

Braim's " 181 

Graham's " 182 

Sprattler A Mennell Brewery 183 

The Burton " 184 

Residences. 

Barbour, Robert 222 

Barbour, William 223 

Kell.ET 224 

Booth. James 230 

22t; 



Cadi 



< I. A 



Cooke, Watts 234 

Crosby, H. li 228 

Doherty, Henry 242 

Fayerweather, W. 235 

Hamil, Robert 231 

Harding, Frederick 250 

Hobart. G. A 240 



Horandt, Jacob 

Hughes. R. S 

1 1 1 -_; I i -< . .las. Jr 

Landau, G. W. I. Rev 

McCully, F. K 

M irrisse, James A. . . 
Nathan. Samuel 



258 

254 

252 

260 

266 

242 

268 

Nelson, William 272 

Pelgram, C. R 274 

Quackenbush, Peter 256 

Ramsay, John • 276 

Reynolds, John 280 

Kyle, William T 262 

Sharpe, Joseph 278 

Smith, W. M 286 

Strange, William 288 

Towell, Joseph • 290 

Waller. Jacob 298 

Portraits. 

Ackerman, Jacob V 217 

2is 



All, 



F. W 



Atherton, Robert 1*5 

Harbour. Thomas 167 

Beckwith, Charles D U3 

ih, EC 132 

Bell, Janus 219 

Blauvelt I. D 177 

Bolton, D. C 220 

Brown, John J 22 1 

Buckley, J. F 221 

Cadmus, C. A 227 

Cheyne, John 232 

Crooks, James - I : 

Crosby, H. B 229 

D rs, J. R 175 

Derrom, A 236 

Dexter, Lambi rt & Co 149 

Doherty, Henry 154 

Eastwood, Benjamin 143 

Ekings, R. M 237 

Klliut. <;. M 238 

Enrar. Sidney 239 

Cure. Thomas E 10:! 

Hall. I. A 170 

II ,' tead, G. G 243 

Harding, Frederick 17:1 









COA TENTS. 



Hilton, John T 

Binchliffe, John A Sons 

Hoi \ 

1 lolin . 

Hopper, John 11 

Hopper, R I 

i Hn . . . . 

Hoxsey, II' 

Hoxsi y, T. F 



li R. 8 ... . 
r. lis, James Jr ... 
m, James 

!■ 'in i I' 

lee M 

I ' W. 1 

vv . . 

MeCnlly F. K 

M. K... ,1. W 

M ' i i.l i ' * 

Nathan, Samuel 

\ < i ' ' i . Will 

i H'"i :. i i 'i iau 

. . . 
i i; 

i\, John . 



Page. 
246 
180 

•ill 
248 
160 
249 

244 
245 

12 • 

•J :.7 
261 
263 
267 
270 
'2 17 
263 
273 
271 
■277 
•27.7 
162 



Randall, T, W 279 

Reynolds, John 281 

1 1 " 'i , 1 1 ' " 1 1 ' .i - 1 2:i 

Ryle, John & Sons 148 

Scott, Francis 2-1 

Shelby, C. C 289 

Shi i« I. s. s 

Shields, I'. II 2-2 

Sim mton, T. C 283 

Smith, Samuel 

Smith, W. M 2*7 

Todd, J. C 117 

I" vi II, Joseph 21U 

Tuttle, Soci M. 292 

Van ( leve, Frank 2 I 

Van Hovenberg, \ \ 

VVadsworth, Joseph .. 155 

i ' ib 172 

Warren, J. J 299 

\\;ii i 137 

Wotsou, VV. G 136 

Westi in It. P. I) 296 

Willi . II \ 



Wuit > , 301 



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